一、大提琴有幾根弦

大提琴有四根弦。

第一(yi)根(gen)(gen)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)為(wei)A弦(xian)(xian)(xian)，為(wei)最細，發音(yin)華麗有(you)力，富于歌唱(chang)性；第二根(gen)(gen)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)為(wei)D弦(xian)(xian)(xian)，音(yin)色較朦朧；第三根(gen)(gen)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)為(wei)G弦(xian)(xian)(xian)，低沉(chen)(chen)響亮，能(neng)夠承(cheng)受樂(le)隊(dui)沉(chen)(chen)重的(de)音(yin)響；第四(si)根(gen)(gen)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)為(wei)C弦(xian)(xian)(xian)，為(wei)最粗，更(geng)加低沉(chen)(chen)響亮，能(neng)夠承(cheng)受樂(le)隊(dui)非(fei)常(chang)沉(chen)(chen)重的(de)音(yin)響。

如果是低音(yin)(yin)提琴，四根弦分別是E、A、D、G，為了避免在低音(yin)(yin)譜表上過多(duo)地加(jia)線，其音(yin)(yin)響比實(shi)際記譜低一(yi)個八度，有(you)時(shi)加(jia)入第五(wu)根弦，定音(yin)(yin)為C。或在樂(le)器的頸部(bu)加(jia)入一(yi)個機械裝置，加(jia)長E弦，使其可以演奏下面的C音(yin)(yin)。

二、大提琴如何裝弦定弦

1、大提琴(qin)每根弦(xian)(xian)應(ying)裝在規定的弦(xian)(xian)軸上，琴(qin)弦(xian)(xian)要按順序繞好。弦(xian)(xian)盡可能裝直，這樣弦(xian)(xian)不(bu)易松。切忌歪斜交錯，使弦(xian)(xian)互相牽制撥調弦(xian)(xian)，弦(xian)(xian)穿(chuan)入軸孔后，扭動方向是(shi)由里向外，注意不(bu)要反扭。

2、為使調(diao)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)便利，大提琴裝弦(xian)(xian)(xian)時(shi)(shi)就(jiu)應調(diao)整好(hao)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)軸的方(fang)向、位置。定(ding)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)時(shi)(shi)，一般先定(ding)準大提琴A弦(xian)(xian)(xian)的音高，然(ran)后根(gen)據(ju)A弦(xian)(xian)(xian)的音高分別定(ding)D、E、G弦(xian)(xian)(xian)。有時(shi)(shi)幾根(gen)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)動過以后，A弦(xian)(xian)(xian)音高會偏低，故需反(fan)復校(xiao)對。

3、初學為大提琴定弦時(shi)，可(ke)先聽(ting)單音(yin)，待音(yin)高(gao)基本(ben)定準后，再(zai)同時(shi)拉(la)兩根(gen)弦，并略(lve)微調(diao)整，直到音(yin)響完(wan)全諧和為(wei)止。

4、大提(ti)琴弦(xian)軸受氣(qi)候變(bian)化的影(ying)響會變(bian)緊(jin)變(bian)松，使調弦(xian)不便(bian)。太緊(jin)時(shi)(shi)可用(yong)鉛筆芯涂軸，太松時(shi)(shi)涂點松香(xiang)。