一、大提琴有幾根弦

大提琴有四根弦。

第一根(gen)弦(xian)(xian)為(wei)A弦(xian)(xian)，為(wei)最細，發(fa)音(yin)華麗有力，富于歌(ge)唱性；第二根(gen)弦(xian)(xian)為(wei)D弦(xian)(xian)，音(yin)色較朦朧；第三根(gen)弦(xian)(xian)為(wei)G弦(xian)(xian)，低(di)(di)沉響亮(liang)，能夠承受(shou)樂隊沉重的(de)音(yin)響；第四根(gen)弦(xian)(xian)為(wei)C弦(xian)(xian)，為(wei)最粗(cu)，更(geng)加(jia)低(di)(di)沉響亮(liang)，能夠承受(shou)樂隊非(fei)常沉重的(de)音(yin)響。

如果是低音(yin)提琴，四根弦分別是E、A、D、G，為(wei)了避(bi)免在低音(yin)譜(pu)表(biao)上(shang)過多地(di)加(jia)線，其(qi)音(yin)響比實際記(ji)譜(pu)低一(yi)個八(ba)度，有時加(jia)入第五(wu)根弦，定音(yin)為(wei)C。或在樂器的(de)頸部(bu)加(jia)入一(yi)個機械裝置(zhi)，加(jia)長(chang)E弦，使其(qi)可以演(yan)奏下面的(de)C音(yin)。

二、大提琴如何裝弦定弦

1、大(da)提琴每根(gen)弦應(ying)裝(zhuang)在規定的弦軸上，琴弦要按順序繞(rao)好。弦盡可能裝(zhuang)直，這樣弦不易松(song)。切忌歪(wai)斜交錯，使弦互相牽(qian)制撥調弦，弦穿入軸孔后，扭動方向是由里向外，注意(yi)不要反扭。

2、為使調(diao)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)便利，大(da)提琴裝弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)時就應調(diao)整好弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)軸(zhou)的(de)方(fang)向、位(wei)置。定(ding)(ding)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)時，一般先定(ding)(ding)準大(da)提琴A弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)音(yin)高，然后根(gen)據A弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)音(yin)高分(fen)別定(ding)(ding)D、E、G弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。有時幾根(gen)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)動過以后，A弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)音(yin)高會偏低(di)，故需反復校(xiao)對。

3、初學為大提琴定(ding)弦(xian)時，可先聽單音(yin)，待音(yin)高基本定(ding)準后，再同時拉兩(liang)根弦(xian)，并略微調整，直(zhi)到音(yin)響(xiang)完全諧和為(wei)止。

4、大提琴弦軸(zhou)受氣候變(bian)化的影(ying)響(xiang)會變(bian)緊變(bian)松(song)(song)，使調弦不(bu)便。太緊時可用(yong)鉛筆芯(xin)涂軸(zhou)，太松(song)(song)時涂點松(song)(song)香。