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滄海桑田(tian)：來自麻姑所述“曾(ceng)見(jian)東(dong)海三(san)次變為桑田(tian)”。

麻(ma)(ma)姑(gu)獻(xian)壽(shou)(shou)：傳(chuan)說有三(san)月(yue)三(san)日西(xi)王母壽(shou)(shou)辰，麻(ma)(ma)姑(gu)于絳珠河(he)邊以靈(ling)芝釀酒祝壽(shou)(shou)的(de)故事(shi)。過去中國(guo)民間為女性祝壽(shou)(shou)多贈(zeng)麻(ma)(ma)姑(gu)像，取名(ming)麻(ma)(ma)姑(gu)獻(xian)壽(shou)(shou)。

相關記載

東(dong)晉時(shi)期，《神仙傳·王遠》記(ji)載：“麻(ma)姑降于蔡經家，自言曾見(jian)東(dong)海(hai)三(san)次變為桑田(tian)，蓬(peng)萊之水(shui)也淺(qian)于舊時(shi)，或許又將變為平地。她(ta)的手纖細如(ru)鳥爪，蔡經見(jian)后曾想：“背大癢時(shi)，當(dang)以(yi)此爪爬背，當(dang)佳”。”

唐(tang)朝(chao)時期(qi)，《撫州南(nan)(nan)城縣麻姑山仙壇記》也(ye)記載了《神仙傳》里麻姑的(de)說法，并(bing)提到(dao)：“按(an)《圖經》，南(nan)(nan)城縣有麻姑山，頂有古壇，相傳云麻姑于此得(de)道”。

宋(song)朝(chao)時(shi)期，《夷堅丙志·卷四》記載：“（四川）青城山相(xiang)去三十里．有麻姑(gu)洞(dong)．相(xiang)傳(chuan)云亦姑(gu)修真(zhen)處也”。

清朝時(shi)(shi)期(qi)，《古今圖書(shu)集(ji)成·神異(yi)典·卷二百三十(shi)七(qi)·麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)姑(gu)(gu)》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)引《登州府志》記載：“按《續文(wen)獻通考》：麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)姑(gu)(gu)，后(hou)(hou)趙(zhao)石(shi)勒時(shi)(shi)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)秋(qiu)(qiu)女(nv)(nv)(nv)，其(qi)(qi)父(fu)(fu)猛悍，人(ren)畏之(zhi)(zhi)。嘗筑城晝夜不(bu)止(zhi)，雞鳴乃(nai)息。姑(gu)(gu)賢(xian)，有(you)(you)(you)恤(xu)民之(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)。假作(zuo)雞鳴，群雞效聲(sheng)，眾工乃(nai)止(zhi)。父(fu)(fu)覺欲(yu)撻之(zhi)(zhi)，女(nv)(nv)(nv)懼(ju)而逃(tao)入石(shi)洞(dong)修道(dao)。后(hou)(hou)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)城北石(shi)橋飛升。追者(zhe)不(bu)及(ji)。名其(qi)(qi)洞(dong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：仙(xian)(xian)姑(gu)(gu)洞(dong)。橋曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：望仙(xian)(xian)橋。麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)姑(gu)(gu)山在寧國(guo)府東(dong)(dong)(dong)，麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)姑(gu)(gu)嘗脩道(dao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)，丹灶(zao)尚存。又嘗居建昌山，故(gu)亦(yi)(yi)號(hao)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)姑(gu)(gu)。開(kai)元中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，立廟壇側，累(lei)封虛寂沖應(ying)真人(ren)。夷堅志曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：劉氏(shi)鯉堂前(qian)有(you)(you)(you)大槐(huai)。忽(hu)(hu)夢(meng)一(yi)女(nv)(nv)(nv)官，自稱麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)姑(gu)(gu)。乞此(ci)樹(shu)脩廟，劉漫(man)許之(zhi)(zhi)。既寤(wu)，異(yi)其(qi)(qi)事。后(hou)(hou)數日(ri)(ri)，風(feng)雨(yu)大作(zuo)。失槐(huai)所(suo)在，即(ji)詣(yi)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)姑(gu)(gu)廟，視槐(huai)已(yi)臥(wo)其(qi)(qi)前(qian)，重和中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)賜(si)。額(e)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：顯異(yi)。又按，此(ci)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)姑(gu)(gu)乃(nai)兩人(ren)也。”。（麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)秋(qiu)(qiu)女(nv)(nv)(nv)是(shi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)晉(jin)十(shi)六國(guo)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)后(hou)(hou)趙(zhao)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)秋(qiu)(qiu)的女(nv)(nv)(nv)兒，與《神仙(xian)(xian)傳》里描(miao)述的東(dong)(dong)(dong)漢(han)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)降于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)蔡(cai)經(jing)(jing)(jing)家(jia)的女(nv)(nv)(nv)仙(xian)(xian)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)秋(qiu)(qiu)是(shi)兩個人(ren)。）《欽定古今圖書(shu)集(ji)成·子(zi)(zi)部·神仙(xian)(xian)傳·王遠(yuan)(yuan)》記載：”王遠(yuan)(yuan)，字方(fang)(fang)(fang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)，欲(yu)東(dong)(dong)(dong)之(zhi)(zhi)括蒼(cang)山，過吳蔡(cai)經(jing)(jing)(jing)家(jia)，教(jiao)其(qi)(qi)尸解如蛻蟬也。經(jing)(jing)(jing)去十(shi)余年，忽(hu)(hu)還(huan)(huan)。語家(jia)言七(qi)月(yue)七(qi)日(ri)(ri)，王君當(dang)來(lai)過，到期(qi)日(ri)(ri)，方(fang)(fang)(fang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)乘羽車，駕五龍，各(ge)(ge)異(yi)色。旌旗導從，威儀赫奕如大將(jiang)也。既至，坐須臾，引見(jian)經(jing)(jing)(jing)父(fu)(fu)兄(xiong)。因遣(qian)人(ren)與麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)姑(gu)(gu)相(xiang)聞，亦(yi)(yi)莫知(zhi)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)姑(gu)(gu)是(shi)何神也。言王方(fang)(fang)(fang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)敬報久(jiu)不(bu)行(xing)，民間(jian)今來(lai)在此(ci)，想(xiang)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)姑(gu)(gu)能暫(zan)來(lai)否。有(you)(you)(you)頃，信還(huan)(huan)。但(dan)聞其(qi)(qi)語，不(bu)見(jian)所(suo)使人(ren)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)姑(gu)(gu)再拜不(bu)見(jian)。忽(hu)(hu)已(yi)五百余年，尊卑有(you)(you)(you)序，修敬無階，思念久(jiu)煩，信承(cheng)在彼。登山巔而先(xian)被記，當(dang)按行(xing)蓬(peng)萊，今欲(yu)暫(zan)往。如是(shi)便還(huan)(huan)，還(huan)(huan)即(ji)親覲愿(yuan)，不(bu)即(ji)去。如此(ci)兩時(shi)(shi)，間(jian)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)姑(gu)(gu)來(lai)，來(lai)時(shi)(shi)亦(yi)(yi)先(xian)聞人(ren)馬(ma)聲(sheng)，既至從官當(dang)半(ban)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)也。麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)姑(gu)(gu)至蔡(cai)經(jing)(jing)(jing)，亦(yi)(yi)舉家(jia)見(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)。是(shi)好女(nv)(nv)(nv)子(zi)(zi)，年十(shi)八(ba)九許。頂(ding)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)作(zuo)髻，余發(fa)垂至腰，其(qi)(qi)衣有(you)(you)(you)文(wen)章，而非錦繡，光彩耀目，不(bu)可名。字皆(jie)世間(jian)所(suo)無有(you)(you)(you)也，得(de)見(jian)方(fang)(fang)(fang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。方(fang)(fang)(fang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)為(wei)(wei)起立，坐定，各(ge)(ge)進(jin)行(xing)廚金盤、玉杯、無限(xian)美膳，多是(shi)諸華。而香氣達于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)內外(wai)。擘麟脯(fu)行(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)。麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)姑(gu)(gu)自言接待以來(lai)，已(yi)見(jian)東(dong)(dong)(dong)海三為(wei)(wei)桑田(tian)，向(xiang)到蓬(peng)萊水(shui)又淺于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)往昔，會時(shi)(shi)略(lve)半(ban)也。豈(qi)將(jiang)復(fu)為(wei)(wei)陵陸乎(hu)。方(fang)(fang)(fang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)笑曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，圣人(ren)皆(jie)言海中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)行(xing)復(fu)揚塵也。麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)姑(gu)(gu)欲(yu)見(jian)蔡(cai)經(jing)(jing)(jing)母及(ji)婦等，時(shi)(shi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)弟婦新產(chan)數十(shi)日(ri)(ri)，麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)姑(gu)(gu)望見(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)已(yi)知(zhi)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)噫，且止(zhi)勿(wu)前(qian)。即(ji)求少(shao)許米(mi)來(lai)，得(de)米(mi)便以擲之(zhi)(zhi)，墜地(di)即(ji)成丹砂。方(fang)(fang)(fang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)笑曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，姑(gu)(gu)故(gu)年少(shao)，吾(wu)老矣，不(bu)喜復(fu)作(zuo)此(ci)狡獪變化也。麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)姑(gu)(gu)手似鳥(niao)爪，蔡(cai)經(jing)(jing)(jing)心(xin)(xin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)念言，背癢(yang)時(shi)(shi)，得(de)此(ci)爪以爬背乃(nai)佳也。方(fang)(fang)(fang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)已(yi)知(zhi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)心(xin)(xin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)念言，即(ji)使人(ren)牽經(jing)(jing)(jing)，鞭(bian)之(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)姑(gu)(gu)者(zhe)，神人(ren)。汝(ru)何忽(hu)(hu)謂其(qi)(qi)爪可以爬背耶。見(jian)鞭(bian)著經(jing)(jing)(jing)背，亦(yi)(yi)不(bu)見(jian)有(you)(you)(you)人(ren)持鞭(bian)者(zhe)。方(fang)(fang)(fang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)告(gao)經(jing)(jing)(jing)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，吾(wu)鞭(bian)不(bu)可妄得(de)也。“

史料索引

葛洪（東(dong)晉）《神(shen)仙(xian)傳·王遠》

顏真卿(qing)（唐）《撫州南城縣麻姑山(shan)仙壇記》

洪邁（宋）《夷(yi)堅(jian)丙志·卷四》

永(yong)瑢等（清(qing)）《欽定古今圖書集成·子(zi)部·神仙傳·王遠》

陳夢雷（清）《古今圖書集成·神異(yi)典·卷二百三十七·麻姑》