四殿仵官王所管轄的(de)地(di)方(fang)(fang)叫“合(he)大地(di)獄”,位于(yu)大海之底、正(zheng)東方(fang)(fang)沃(wo)燋石(shi)下。四殿閻君,懲罰的(de)是生前樂(le)行(xing)殺(sha)、盜、邪(xie)行(xing)三(san)業的(de)惡徒。此地(di)獄縱橫(heng)八千里,另設有(you)十六個小地(di)獄。
十(shi)(shi)六(liu)個小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu)分別為:一、池小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu);二、蝥鏈(lian)竹簽小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu);三(san)、沸(fei)湯澆手(shou)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu);四、掌畔(pan)流液(ye)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu);五、斷筋(jin)剔骨(gu)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu);六(liu)、堰肩刷皮小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu);七、鎖膚小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu);八、蹲峰(feng)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu);九、鐵衣小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu);十(shi)(shi)、木石土瓦壓小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu);十(shi)(shi)一、劍眼小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu);十(shi)(shi)二、飛灰塞(sai)口(kou)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu);十(shi)(shi)三(san)、灌藥小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu);十(shi)(shi)四、油滑跌(die)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu);十(shi)(shi)五、刺嘴小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu);十(shi)(shi)六(liu)、碎石埋(mai)身小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)(yu)。
東晉時期(qi)帛(bo)尸梨蜜多羅譯《佛(fo)說(shuo)大灌頂神咒經》中記(ji)載(zai)有五(wu)(wu)(wu)官(guan),司(si)掌佛(fo)教殺、盜、淫、妄語、酒(jiu)五(wu)(wu)(wu)戒(jie):“閻羅王者主領(ling)世間名籍(ji)之記(ji)。若人為惡作諸非法(fa)、無孝(xiao)順心造作五(wu)(wu)(wu)逆(ni)、破滅三寶無君臣法(fa),又有眾生不(bu)持五(wu)(wu)(wu)戒(jie)不(bu)信正法(fa),設有受者多所毀(hui)犯,于是(shi)地下鬼神及伺候者奏上(shang)五(wu)(wu)(wu)官(guan)。五(wu)(wu)(wu)官(guan)料簡除死(si)定生,或注錄(lu)精神未判(pan)是(shi)非。若已定者奏上(shang)閻羅,閻羅監察隨罪輕重考而治之。(注釋(shi):此(ci)處為五(wu)(wu)(wu)官(guan)王的最(zui)早記(ji)錄(lu)來源之一,有明確的史料記(ji)載(zai)。)
據唐代《地藏菩薩發心因(yin)(yin)緣十王(wang)(wang)經》與《預修十王(wang)(wang)生七經》所(suo)載記載:五(wu)官(guan)(guan)(guan)王(wang)(wang)冥界(jie)十王(wang)(wang)之第四王(wang)(wang)。即于三江間(jian)(jian)建大(da)殿(dian)(dian),治眾生妄語罪(zui)的(de)冥官(guan)(guan)(guan)。大(da)殿(dian)(dian)左(zuo)右(you)各有一舍,左(zuo)秤量(liang)舍,右(you)勘錄舍。左(zuo)有高臺,臺上有秤量(liang)幢(chuang),業(ye)匠構巧,懸(xuan)七秤量(liang),身口七罪(zui)為紀輕(qing)重。意(yi)業(ye)所(suo)作不懸(xuan)秤量(liang),次(ci)至鏡臺當(dang)見鏡影。第四七日(ri)過五(wu)官(guan)(guan)(guan)王(wang)(wang)殿(dian)(dian)。五(wu)官(guan)(guan)(guan)王(wang)(wang)依案審閱亡(wang)(wang)者(zhe)善(shan)惡的(de)卷(juan)(juan)宗(zong),亡(wang)(wang)者(zhe)帶枷(jia)待判,前(qian)有衡(heng)量(liang)亡(wang)(wang)人善(shan)惡的(de)業(ye)秤。贊曰:五(wu)官(guan)(guan)(guan)業(ye)秤向空懸(xuan),左(zuo)右(you)雙童業(ye)簿全。轉重豈由(you)情所(suo)愿,囗昂自(zi)任昔因(yin)(yin)緣。(注釋:大(da)體(ti)意(yi)思是人在死后四七日(ri)到五(wu)官(guan)(guan)(guan)王(wang)(wang)的(de)大(da)殿(dian)(dian)接(jie)受審判,大(da)殿(dian)(dian)中間(jian)(jian)有一桿業(ye)秤,大(da)殿(dian)(dian)左(zuo)右(you)各有一間(jian)(jian)房,左(zuo)邊(bian)房間(jian)(jian)負(fu)責(ze)稱量(liang),右(you)邊(bian)負(fu)責(ze)記錄,五(wu)官(guan)(guan)(guan)王(wang)(wang)根據亡(wang)(wang)者(zhe)罪(zui)業(ye)審理亡(wang)(wang)者(zhe)卷(juan)(juan)宗(zong)。)
據晚唐至(zhi)五(wu)代(dai)時期道(dao)明(ming)和尚所撰《佛說(shuo)十(shi)王經(jing)》記載:佛在鳩尸(shi)那(nei)城(cheng)阿維跋提河邊娑羅(luo)雙(shuang)樹間,臨涅槃時,為諸(zhu)(zhu)菩(pu)薩(sa)、摩訶薩(sa)、天(tian)(tian)(tian)龍神(shen)王、四(si)大(da)(da)天(tian)(tian)(tian)王、閻(yan)羅(luo)天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)、太山(shan)府(fu)(fu)君、司(si)命(ming)司(si)錄、五(wu)道(dao)大(da)(da)神(shen)、地獄典官等授記說(shuo)法。佛告大(da)(da)眾閻(yan)羅(luo)天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)于未來世作(zuo)佛,多生(sheng)(sheng)習善為犯戒故,退落琰摩天(tian)(tian)(tian)中(zhong),作(zuo)大(da)(da)魔王,管(guan)攝諸(zhu)(zhu)鬼,科斷閻(yan)浮提內(nei)(nei)十(shi)惡五(wu)逆一(yi)(yi)切罪(zui)人。勸(quan)眾生(sheng)(sheng)造(zao)此經(jing)及(ji)諸(zhu)(zhu)尊像(xiang)(xiang)以薦拔亡(wang)魂、七(qi)(qi)七(qi)(qi)修齋(zhai)造(zao)像(xiang)(xiang)以報父母恩,令得升天(tian)(tian)(tian)。人死后(hou)從頭七(qi)(qi)、二七(qi)(qi)直至(zhi)七(qi)(qi)七(qi)(qi),百(bai)日、一(yi)(yi)年、三年,亡(wang)魂將逐(zhu)一(yi)(yi)經(jing)過十(shi)王殿,亡(wang)人家屬(shu)須(xu)祈請十(shi)王作(zuo)齋(zhai)修福,寫經(jing)造(zao)像(xiang)(xiang),便可(ke)拔除亡(wang)魂罪(zui)業,使(shi)之“不生(sheng)(sheng)三惡涂(途(tu)),不入(ru)一(yi)(yi)切諸(zhu)(zhu)大(da)(da)地獄”,而往(wang)生(sheng)(sheng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)道(dao)。過十(shi)王若(ruo)闕(que)一(yi)(yi)齋(zhai),則(ze)滯在一(yi)(yi)王,留連(lian)受苦一(yi)(yi)年。若(ruo)生(sheng)(sheng)人為己預(yu)修七(qi)(qi)齋(zhai),于每月十(shi)五(wu)、三十(shi)日兩天(tian)(tian)(tian)持齋(zhai),供養三寶,祈設十(shi)王,修名(ming)納狀,奏上六(liu)曹(cao),如此則(ze)死后(hou)可(ke)配生(sheng)(sheng)快樂之處,不住中(zhong)陰四(si)十(shi)九日,不待男女(nv)追救(jiu)命(ming)。(注釋(shi):《佛說(shuo)十(shi)王經(jing)》,《地藏(zang)菩(pu)薩(sa)發心因緣十(shi)王經(jing)》都(dou)統(tong)稱十(shi)王經(jing),兩本皆題為“成都(dou)府(fu)(fu)大(da)(da)圣慈恩寺沙門藏(zang)川述”,《佛說(shuo)十(shi)王經(jing)》內(nei)(nei)容偏重度亡(wang),《地藏(zang)菩(pu)薩(sa)發心因緣十(shi)王經(jing)》其內(nei)(nei)容偏重生(sheng)(sheng)人預(yu)修。)
據北宋(song)時期(qi)沙門(men)常(chang)謹所撰《地藏(zang)菩薩靈驗記》卷(juan)29中云:“沙門(men)智佑是西印度人也,天福年(nian)中(936~943年(nian))來自(zi)西(原文作“來至而(er)”),住清泰寺,所持像經中,有(you)地藏(zang)菩薩變相并本(ben)愿(yuan)功(gong)德(de)經梵夾(jia),其像相者,中央圓輪中畫(hua)菩薩像,冠帽(mao)持寶錫,左右有(you)十王(wang)(wang)像各(ge)五(wu)(wu)(wu)人,左五(wu)(wu)(wu)者:一(yi)泰(秦)廣王(wang)(wang)、二初江王(wang)(wang)、三宗(宋(song))帝王(wang)(wang)、四五(wu)(wu)(wu)官王(wang)(wang)、五(wu)(wu)(wu)閻羅(luo)大王(wang)(wang);右五(wu)(wu)(wu)者:一(yi)變成王(wang)(wang)、二太(tai)山王(wang)(wang)、三平等(deng)王(wang)(wang)、四都市王(wang)(wang)、五(wu)(wu)(wu)五(wu)(wu)(wu)道轉輪王(wang)(wang),一(yi)一(yi)各(ge)具(ju)司(si)命、司(si)錄、府君、典官等(deng)。