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四殿仵官王主管什么

四殿(dian)仵官王所(suo)管轄的(de)地(di)方(fang)(fang)叫“合大(da)地(di)獄(yu)”，位于大(da)海之底、正東方(fang)(fang)沃燋(jiao)石下。四殿(dian)閻君，懲罰(fa)的(de)是生(sheng)前樂行殺、盜、邪行三業的(de)惡徒。此(ci)地(di)獄(yu)縱橫八千里(li)，另設(she)有(you)十六個小(xiao)地(di)獄(yu)。

十(shi)(shi)六個(ge)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)分別為：一、池(chi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)；二(er)、蝥鏈竹簽小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)；三(san)、沸湯澆手小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)；四(si)、掌畔(pan)流液(ye)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)；五、斷筋剔骨小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)；六、堰肩刷(shua)皮(pi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)；七、鎖膚小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)；八、蹲峰(feng)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)；九、鐵衣小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)；十(shi)(shi)、木石(shi)土瓦(wa)壓小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)；十(shi)(shi)一、劍(jian)眼小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)；十(shi)(shi)二(er)、飛灰塞口(kou)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)；十(shi)(shi)三(san)、灌(guan)藥小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)；十(shi)(shi)四(si)、油滑跌小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)；十(shi)(shi)五、刺嘴小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)；十(shi)(shi)六、碎石(shi)埋身小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)獄(yu)(yu)。

歷史淵源

東晉時期(qi)帛尸梨蜜多羅(luo)譯《佛說大灌(guan)頂神咒經》中記(ji)載(zai)有(you)五(wu)(wu)官，司掌佛教(jiao)殺、盜、淫、妄語(yu)、酒五(wu)(wu)戒:“閻羅(luo)王者主(zhu)領(ling)世間(jian)名(ming)籍(ji)之記(ji)。若(ruo)人為惡作諸非(fei)法、無孝順心(xin)造作五(wu)(wu)逆、破滅(mie)三寶(bao)無君臣法，又有(you)眾生(sheng)不持五(wu)(wu)戒不信正(zheng)法，設有(you)受(shou)者多所毀犯，于是(shi)地下鬼(gui)神及伺候者奏上五(wu)(wu)官。五(wu)(wu)官料簡(jian)除死定生(sheng)，或注錄精神未(wei)判是(shi)非(fei)。若(ruo)已定者奏上閻羅(luo)，閻羅(luo)監察隨罪輕重考(kao)而治之。（注釋：此處為五(wu)(wu)官王的最早記(ji)錄來源之一(yi)，有(you)明確的史(shi)料記(ji)載(zai)。）

據唐代《地藏菩薩發心因緣(yuan)十王經(jing)》與《預修(xiu)十王生七經(jing)》所(suo)載記載：五官(guan)王冥界(jie)十王之第四(si)王。即(ji)于三(san)江(jiang)間建大(da)殿(dian)，治眾生妄語罪(zui)(zui)的(de)冥官(guan)。大(da)殿(dian)左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)(you)(you)各有(you)一舍，左(zuo)(zuo)秤量舍，右(you)(you)(you)勘錄舍。左(zuo)(zuo)有(you)高臺(tai)，臺(tai)上有(you)秤量幢，業(ye)(ye)匠構巧(qiao)，懸(xuan)(xuan)七秤量，身口七罪(zui)(zui)為紀輕重。意業(ye)(ye)所(suo)作不懸(xuan)(xuan)秤量，次(ci)至鏡(jing)臺(tai)當見鏡(jing)影。第四(si)七日(ri)過五官(guan)王殿(dian)。五官(guan)王依(yi)案審(shen)閱(yue)亡(wang)者(zhe)善惡的(de)卷宗，亡(wang)者(zhe)帶(dai)枷(jia)待判，前有(you)衡量亡(wang)人善惡的(de)業(ye)(ye)秤。贊(zan)曰：五官(guan)業(ye)(ye)秤向(xiang)空懸(xuan)(xuan)，左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)(you)(you)雙童業(ye)(ye)簿全。轉重豈(qi)由情所(suo)愿，囗昂(ang)自任昔因緣(yuan)。（注釋：大(da)體意思是人在死后(hou)四(si)七日(ri)到(dao)五官(guan)王的(de)大(da)殿(dian)接受審(shen)判，大(da)殿(dian)中間有(you)一桿業(ye)(ye)秤，大(da)殿(dian)左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)(you)(you)各有(you)一間房(fang)，左(zuo)(zuo)邊(bian)房(fang)間負責(ze)稱量，右(you)(you)(you)邊(bian)負責(ze)記錄，五官(guan)王根據亡(wang)者(zhe)罪(zui)(zui)業(ye)(ye)審(shen)理亡(wang)者(zhe)卷宗。）

據晚唐(tang)至五(wu)代(dai)時期道明和尚所撰《佛說十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)經(jing)》記載：佛在鳩尸(shi)那城阿維跋(ba)提河邊娑(suo)羅(luo)(luo)雙樹(shu)間，臨涅槃(pan)時，為(wei)諸菩薩、摩(mo)訶薩、天(tian)(tian)龍神(shen)王(wang)、四(si)大天(tian)(tian)王(wang)、閻羅(luo)(luo)天(tian)(tian)子、太山府君、司(si)命(ming)司(si)錄(lu)、五(wu)道大神(shen)、地獄(yu)典(dian)官等(deng)授記說法。佛告大眾閻羅(luo)(luo)天(tian)(tian)子于未來世作(zuo)佛，多生(sheng)(sheng)習善為(wei)犯(fan)戒故，退落琰摩(mo)天(tian)(tian)中(zhong)，作(zuo)大魔王(wang)，管攝諸鬼，科(ke)斷閻浮(fu)提內(nei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)惡(e)五(wu)逆一(yi)(yi)切(qie)罪人(ren)。勸(quan)眾生(sheng)(sheng)造此經(jing)及(ji)諸尊(zun)像以薦拔亡魂、七(qi)(qi)七(qi)(qi)修齋(zhai)(zhai)造像以報父母恩，令得升天(tian)(tian)。人(ren)死后從頭七(qi)(qi)、二七(qi)(qi)直至七(qi)(qi)七(qi)(qi)，百日、一(yi)(yi)年(nian)、三年(nian)，亡魂將逐(zhu)一(yi)(yi)經(jing)過(guo)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)殿，亡人(ren)家(jia)屬須祈請十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)作(zuo)齋(zhai)(zhai)修福(fu)，寫經(jing)造像，便(bian)可拔除亡魂罪業，使之“不(bu)(bu)生(sheng)(sheng)三惡(e)涂（途），不(bu)(bu)入(ru)一(yi)(yi)切(qie)諸大地獄(yu)”，而往(wang)生(sheng)(sheng)天(tian)(tian)道。過(guo)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)若(ruo)闕一(yi)(yi)齋(zhai)(zhai)，則滯在一(yi)(yi)王(wang)，留(liu)連受(shou)苦一(yi)(yi)年(nian)。若(ruo)生(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)為(wei)己預修七(qi)(qi)齋(zhai)(zhai)，于每月十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)、三十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)日兩(liang)(liang)天(tian)(tian)持(chi)齋(zhai)(zhai)，供養三寶(bao)，祈設十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)，修名(ming)納狀(zhuang)，奏(zou)上六曹(cao)，如此則死后可配生(sheng)(sheng)快樂之處(chu)，不(bu)(bu)住中(zhong)陰(yin)四(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)日，不(bu)(bu)待(dai)男女追救(jiu)命(ming)。（注釋(shi)：《佛說十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)經(jing)》，《地藏菩薩發心因緣十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)經(jing)》都統稱十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)經(jing)，兩(liang)(liang)本皆題為(wei)“成都府大圣慈恩寺(si)沙門藏川述”，《佛說十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)經(jing)》內(nei)容偏重度亡，《地藏菩薩發心因緣十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)經(jing)》其內(nei)容偏重生(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)預修。）

據北宋(song)時期沙(sha)(sha)門(men)常謹所(suo)撰《地藏(zang)菩(pu)薩靈驗(yan)記(ji)》卷(juan)29中(zhong)(zhong)云：“沙(sha)(sha)門(men)智佑是西印度人也，天福年(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)（936～943年(nian)）來自西（原文作“來至(zhi)而”），住清(qing)泰(tai)寺，所(suo)持像經(jing)中(zhong)(zhong)，有地藏(zang)菩(pu)薩變(bian)(bian)相并本愿(yuan)功德經(jing)梵夾，其像相者，中(zhong)(zhong)央圓(yuan)輪中(zhong)(zhong)畫菩(pu)薩像，冠帽持寶錫，左(zuo)右有十(shi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)像各五(wu)(wu)人，左(zuo)五(wu)(wu)者：一(yi)泰(tai)（秦）廣王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)、二(er)初(chu)江王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)、三(san)宗（宋(song)）帝(di)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)、四五(wu)(wu)官王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)、五(wu)(wu)閻羅大王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)；右五(wu)(wu)者：一(yi)變(bian)(bian)成(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)、二(er)太山王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)、三(san)平等(deng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)、四都市王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)、五(wu)(wu)五(wu)(wu)道轉輪王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，一(yi)一(yi)各具(ju)司(si)命、司(si)錄、府君、典(dian)官等(deng)。