閻羅天子包拯,前(qian)本居第一殿(dian),因(yin)憐屈死,屢放(fang)還(huan)陽伸雪,降調此殿(dian)。司掌叫喚大(da)地獄,并(bing)十(shi)六(liu)誅(zhu)心(xin)小獄。凡解(jie)到(dao)此殿(dian)者(zhe),押赴望鄉臺(tai),令(ling)之(zhi)聞(wen)見世上本家,因(yin)罪遭殃各(ge)事,隨即推入此獄,細查曾犯何(he)惡,再發入誅(zhu)心(xin)十(shi)六(liu)小獄,鉤出其(qi)心(xin),擲與蛇食,鍘其(qi)身首(包公(gong)即善于用鍘刀),受苦滿日,另(ling)發別(bie)殿(dian)。
十六誅(zhu)心地獄分別為:
一、誅不敬鬼神、猜疑是否(fou)有因(yin)果報應(ying)的心小地獄;
二、誅殺(sha)害生命的心(xin)小地獄;
三、誅(zhu)將善愿未完就犯(fan)惡的(de)心小地獄(yu);
四、誅親(qin)近罪惡、行(xing)為錯誤等惡行(xing)的心小地(di)獄;
五(wu)、誅欺善怕惡、怨恨他人不快死的心(xin)小地(di)獄;
六、誅計較名利、是非,移禍(huo)他人等心(xin)小地獄;
七(qi)、誅(zhu)強奸婦(fu)女(nv)(nv)、設(she)計(ji)令婦(fu)女(nv)(nv)失貞、引誘(you)婦(fu)女(nv)(nv)委屈地順從自己(ji)的(de)淫(yin)意,或者(zhe)不論有無(wu)謀害(hai)之意,與婦(fu)女(nv)(nv)貪戀淫(yin)樂等心小地獄;
八(ba)、誅損人以(yi)利己(ji)等小心地獄;
九、誅慳(qian)貪不舍、不愿布施、不顧(gu)別(bie)人面臨(lin)生(sheng)死緊急之困(kun)境(jing)等(deng)心小地(di)獄;
十、誅偷竊(qie)、盜取(qu)別人財物,昧著良心(xin),耍賴(lai)而不還(huan)債等心(xin)小地(di)獄;
十一、誅忘恩(en)負義(yi)、以仇報怨等(deng)心小地獄(yu);
十(shi)二、好(hao)斗(dou)、好(hao)賭、好(hao)勝(sheng),以(yi)致牽連、拖累他人等心小地獄(yu);
十三、誅為了(le)名利、欺(qi)騙(pian)、誘(you)惑大(da)眾等心小地獄(yu);
十四、誅(zhu)自己雖未親(qin)自加(jia)害,但(dan)卻狠毒地(di)教唆他人去害人等(deng)心小地(di)獄(yu);
十五(wu)、誅妒嫉(ji)善(shan)良、賢能(neng)等心小地獄;
十六、誅執迷不悟、死不改(gai)過、誹謗他人(ren)等(deng)心小地獄。
據東晉時(shi)期(qi)佛(fo)陀耶舍、竺(zhu)佛(fo)念譯《長阿含(han)經》世(shi)(shi)(shi)記(ji)經第三十章,記(ji)載(zai)(zai):佛(fo)告諸比丘(qiu)。如(ru)(ru)一(yi)(yi)日(ri)月周(zhou)行四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)天下(xia)。光明所(suo)照。如(ru)(ru)是千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)世(shi)(shi)(shi)界(jie)(jie)。千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)世(shi)(shi)(shi)界(jie)(jie)中(zhong)有千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)日(ri)月、千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)須彌山(shan)(shan)王(wang)(wang)、四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)天下(xia)、四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)大(da)天下(xia)、四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)海水、四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)大(da)海、四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)龍(long)、四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)大(da)龍(long)、四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)金(jin)(jin)翅(chi)(chi)鳥、四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)大(da)金(jin)(jin)翅(chi)(chi)鳥、四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)惡道、四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)大(da)惡道、四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)王(wang)(wang)、四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)大(da)王(wang)(wang)、七千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)大(da)樹、八(ba)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)大(da)泥犁、十千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)大(da)山(shan)(shan)、千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)閻(yan)(yan)(yan)羅王(wang)(wang)、千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)天王(wang)(wang)、千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)忉利天千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)焰(yan)摩(mo)天、千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)兜率天、千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)化自在天、千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)他化自在天、千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)梵天。是為小千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)世(shi)(shi)(shi)界(jie)(jie),如(ru)(ru)一(yi)(yi)小千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)世(shi)(shi)(shi)界(jie)(jie)。爾(er)所(suo)小千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)世(shi)(shi)(shi)界(jie)(jie)。是為中(zhong)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)世(shi)(shi)(shi)界(jie)(jie)。如(ru)(ru)一(yi)(yi)中(zhong)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)世(shi)(shi)(shi)界(jie)(jie)。爾(er)所(suo)中(zhong)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)世(shi)(shi)(shi)界(jie)(jie)。是為三千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)大(da)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)世(shi)(shi)(shi)界(jie)(jie)。如(ru)(ru)是世(shi)(shi)(shi)界(jie)(jie)周(zhou)匝成敗。眾生所(suo)居名一(yi)(yi)佛(fo)剎。(注釋:《長阿含(han)經》的(de)(de)原文是梵文,記(ji)載(zai)(zai)了佛(fo)陀釋迦(jia)牟尼生平事跡,佛(fo)教(jiao)說法的(de)(de)教(jiao)旨內容,后經佛(fo)陀耶舍、竺(zhu)佛(fo)念譯,陳(chen)永(yong)革進行漢譯。原文的(de)(de)閻(yan)(yan)(yan)羅王(wang)(wang)是與(yu)閻(yan)(yan)(yan)浮(fu)提(ti)洲“千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)天王(wang)(wang)、千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)忉利天、千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)焰(yan)摩(mo)天、千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)兜率天”等并(bing)列的(de)(de)天神(shen)一(yi)(yi)類,王(wang)(wang)宮在閻(yan)(yan)(yan)浮(fu)提(ti)南大(da)金(jin)(jin)剛山(shan)(shan)內,并(bing)且(qie)只有一(yi)(yi)位閻(yan)(yan)(yan)羅,職務不(bu)明。)
據(ju)南宋時(shi)期郭憲所撰《洞冥記》記載:昔包(bao)老閻羅,原居一殿(dian)(dian),因他過于慈悲(bei),憐(lian)憫屈死(si)之人,及未了善愿(yuan)之人,屢(lv)放回(hui)陽,故上帝降調,令居于大(da)(da)海(hai)之底,東北(bei)沃(wo)燋石下,司掌(zhang)五(wu)殿(dian)(dian),后因功(gong)大(da)(da)封為閻羅天子,權(quan)重(zhong)位尊(zun),仍將(jiang)望鄉臺移置于此(ci)(ci)。”(注釋:大(da)(da)體意思是包(bao)拯本來是第一殿(dian)(dian)閻王,但是因他過于慈悲(bei),憐(lian)憫屈死(si)之人,被玉(yu)帝降到(dao)第五(wu)殿(dian)(dian),司掌(zhang)叫喚大(da)(da)地獄(yu),此(ci)(ci)處的叫喚大(da)(da)地獄(yu)不是卞(bian)城王的那個(ge)。)
據元朝(chao)時期脫脫所(suo)撰(zhuan)《宋史·包(bao)(bao)拯傳(chuan)》記載:童稚婦(fu)(fu)女(nv),亦知其(qi)名(ming),呼曰包(bao)(bao)侍制(zhi)。京師為之(zhi)(zhi)語曰:關節(jie)不(bu)到,有(you)(you)閻羅(luo)包(bao)(bao)老(lao)。舊制(zhi),凡訟訴不(bu)得徑造庭下。拯開正門(men),使得至前(qian)陳曲直,吏不(bu)敢欺。(注釋:大體意思是包(bao)(bao)拯在朝(chao)廷為人剛強堅(jian)毅,貴戚宦官因此較為收斂。小(xiao)孩和婦(fu)(fu)女(nv)叫他“包(bao)(bao)待制(zhi)”,關系之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)以打不(bu)通(tong),是因為有(you)(you)閻羅(luo)王(wang)和包(bao)(bao)老(lao)頭。)