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五殿閻羅王管什么

閻羅天子包(bao)(bao)拯(zheng)，前(qian)本居(ju)第(di)一殿(dian)，因(yin)憐屈死(si)，屢(lv)放還陽伸雪，降調(diao)此(ci)殿(dian)。司掌叫喚大地獄(yu)，并十六(liu)誅心小獄(yu)。凡解到此(ci)殿(dian)者，押赴望鄉臺(tai)，令之(zhi)聞(wen)見(jian)世上本家，因(yin)罪遭殃各事，隨(sui)即推入此(ci)獄(yu)，細查曾犯何惡，再發入誅心十六(liu)小獄(yu)，鉤出其(qi)心，擲與蛇(she)食，鍘其(qi)身首（包(bao)(bao)公即善于用鍘刀），受苦滿(man)日(ri)，另發別殿(dian)。

十六誅心地(di)獄分別為：

一、誅不(bu)敬鬼神、猜疑是否有(you)因果(guo)報應的心小地(di)獄；

二、誅(zhu)殺害生命的(de)心小(xiao)地獄(yu)；

三、誅(zhu)將(jiang)善愿(yuan)未完就犯惡的心(xin)小地獄；

四、誅親近罪(zui)惡、行(xing)為(wei)錯(cuo)誤等(deng)惡行(xing)的心小地獄(yu)；

五(wu)、誅欺善(shan)怕惡、怨恨他(ta)人不快死的(de)心小(xiao)地獄；

六、誅(zhu)計較名(ming)利(li)、是非，移禍他人等(deng)心(xin)小地(di)獄(yu)；

七、誅強奸婦(fu)女(nv)、設計令婦(fu)女(nv)失貞(zhen)、引誘婦(fu)女(nv)委屈地順從自己(ji)的淫意，或者不論有無謀害之意，與婦(fu)女(nv)貪(tan)戀淫樂等心小地獄；

八、誅損人(ren)以利己(ji)等小(xiao)心(xin)地獄；

九、誅慳貪不(bu)舍、不(bu)愿布施、不(bu)顧別人面臨生死緊急之困境等(deng)心小地獄(yu)；

十、誅(zhu)偷(tou)竊(qie)、盜取別人財物，昧(mei)著良心(xin)，耍賴而不還債等心(xin)小地獄；

十一、誅忘恩負義(yi)、以(yi)仇報怨等心(xin)小地獄；

十二、好(hao)斗、好(hao)賭、好(hao)勝，以(yi)致牽連、拖(tuo)累他人等心小地獄(yu)；

十三(san)、誅為了名利(li)、欺騙(pian)、誘惑大眾等心小地獄；

十四、誅自己雖未親自加害(hai)，但卻狠毒地(di)教唆他人去(qu)害(hai)人等心(xin)小地(di)獄(yu)；

十五、誅妒(du)嫉(ji)善良、賢能等心(xin)小地獄；

十六、誅(zhu)執(zhi)迷不悟、死不改過(guo)、誹謗他人(ren)等心小(xiao)地獄。

歷史淵源

據東(dong)晉時期佛(fo)(fo)陀(tuo)耶(ye)舍(she)、竺佛(fo)(fo)念譯《長(chang)阿(a)含經(jing)(jing)》世(shi)(shi)記經(jing)(jing)第三(san)十(shi)章，記載：佛(fo)(fo)告(gao)諸比丘(qiu)。如(ru)一(yi)日月(yue)周(zhou)(zhou)行(xing)四(si)(si)(si)天下(xia)。光明所(suo)照。如(ru)是(shi)(shi)(shi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)。千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)中(zhong)有(you)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)日月(yue)、千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)須彌山王(wang)、四(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)天下(xia)、四(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)大(da)天下(xia)、四(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)海水、四(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)大(da)海、四(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)龍、四(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)大(da)龍、四(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)金翅鳥(niao)、四(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)大(da)金翅鳥(niao)、四(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)惡(e)道、四(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)大(da)惡(e)道、四(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)王(wang)、四(si)(si)(si)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)大(da)王(wang)、七千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)大(da)樹、八千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)大(da)泥犁、十(shi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)大(da)山、千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)閻羅(luo)王(wang)、千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)四(si)(si)(si)天王(wang)、千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)忉(dao)利天千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)焰摩天、千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)兜率(lv)天、千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)化自在天、千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)他化自在天、千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)梵天。是(shi)(shi)(shi)為小千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)，如(ru)一(yi)小千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)。爾所(suo)小千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)為中(zhong)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)。如(ru)一(yi)中(zhong)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)。爾所(suo)中(zhong)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)為三(san)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)大(da)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)。如(ru)是(shi)(shi)(shi)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)周(zhou)(zhou)匝成敗。眾生所(suo)居名一(yi)佛(fo)(fo)剎。（注釋：《長(chang)阿(a)含經(jing)(jing)》的(de)(de)原(yuan)文是(shi)(shi)(shi)梵文，記載了佛(fo)(fo)陀(tuo)釋迦牟尼生平事跡，佛(fo)(fo)教(jiao)說法的(de)(de)教(jiao)旨內(nei)容，后經(jing)(jing)佛(fo)(fo)陀(tuo)耶(ye)舍(she)、竺佛(fo)(fo)念譯，陳(chen)永革進(jin)行(xing)漢譯。原(yuan)文的(de)(de)閻羅(luo)王(wang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)與閻浮提洲“千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)四(si)(si)(si)天王(wang)、千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)忉(dao)利天、千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)焰摩天、千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)兜率(lv)天”等并列的(de)(de)天神一(yi)類，王(wang)宮在閻浮提南(nan)大(da)金剛山內(nei)，并且只有(you)一(yi)位閻羅(luo)，職務不明。）

據南宋時期郭憲(xian)所撰《洞冥記》記載：昔(xi)包老閻(yan)羅，原居一殿，因(yin)他過(guo)于慈(ci)悲(bei)，憐憫屈死(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)，及未(wei)了善(shan)愿(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)，屢放(fang)回陽，故上帝降(jiang)調，令居于大(da)(da)海之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)底，東北沃燋(jiao)石下，司掌(zhang)五殿，后因(yin)功大(da)(da)封為閻(yan)羅天子，權重(zhong)位尊，仍將(jiang)望(wang)鄉臺移置于此。”（注釋：大(da)(da)體意思是(shi)包拯本來(lai)是(shi)第一殿閻(yan)王(wang)，但(dan)是(shi)因(yin)他過(guo)于慈(ci)悲(bei)，憐憫屈死(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)，被(bei)玉帝降(jiang)到第五殿，司掌(zhang)叫喚大(da)(da)地獄(yu)，此處的叫喚大(da)(da)地獄(yu)不(bu)是(shi)卞城王(wang)的那個。）

據元朝時(shi)期脫脫所撰《宋史·包(bao)(bao)拯傳》記載：童稚婦女(nv)(nv)，亦知其名，呼曰包(bao)(bao)侍制(zhi)。京師為之語曰：關節不(bu)(bu)到，有閻羅(luo)包(bao)(bao)老。舊制(zhi)，凡訟訴不(bu)(bu)得(de)徑造(zao)庭下。拯開正門，使得(de)至前(qian)陳曲(qu)直，吏不(bu)(bu)敢(gan)欺(qi)。（注釋：大體意思是包(bao)(bao)拯在朝廷為人剛強堅毅，貴戚(qi)宦官(guan)因(yin)此較(jiao)為收斂(lian)。小孩(hai)和(he)婦女(nv)(nv)叫他“包(bao)(bao)待制(zhi)”，關系之所以打不(bu)(bu)通(tong)，是因(yin)為有閻羅(luo)王和(he)包(bao)(bao)老頭。）