小灌木,高(gao)30-100厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。莖(jing)圓(yuan)柱形(xing)(xing),無(wu)毛(mao)(mao)(mao),幼枝有(you)(you)棱(leng)(leng),疏(shu)生(sheng)白色(se)(se)丁字(zi)(zi)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)。羽狀(zhuang)(zhuang)復葉(xie)(xie)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)6-15厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);葉(xie)(xie)柄長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(0.5-)1-2.5厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),葉(xie)(xie)軸上(shang)面略扁平,有(you)(you)淺(qian)槽,被毛(mao)(mao)(mao)或(huo)近(jin)無(wu)毛(mao)(mao)(mao);托(tuo)葉(xie)(xie)披針(zhen)形(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)4-6毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),早落(luo);小葉(xie)(xie)(2-)3-5對(dui),對(dui)生(sheng),闊(kuo)卵形(xing)(xing)、卵狀(zhuang)(zhuang)菱(ling)形(xing)(xing)或(huo)橢(tuo)圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)1.5-4厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)1-2.3厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先端(duan)圓(yuan)鈍或(huo)急尖,具長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)小尖頭,基(ji)部楔(xie)形(xing)(xing)或(huo)闊(kuo)楔(xie)形(xing)(xing),上(shang)面綠(lv)色(se)(se),下(xia)面粉(fen)綠(lv)色(se)(se),兩面散(san)生(sheng)白色(se)(se)丁字(zi)(zi)毛(mao)(mao)(mao),中脈上(shang)面微隆(long)起,下(xia)面隆(long)起,側(ce)脈兩面明(ming)顯;小葉(xie)(xie)柄長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)2.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),密生(sheng)毛(mao)(mao)(mao);小托(tuo)葉(xie)(xie)鉆形(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)2-3毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),宿存。總狀(zhuang)(zhuang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)序長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)5-12(-20)厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),疏(shu)花(hua)(hua)(hua);總花(hua)(hua)(hua)梗長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)1-2.5厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),花(hua)(hua)(hua)序軸有(you)(you)棱(leng)(leng),疏(shu)生(sheng)白色(se)(se)丁字(zi)(zi)毛(mao)(mao)(mao);苞片線狀(zhuang)(zhuang)披針(zhen)形(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)2-5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);花(hua)(hua)(hua)梗長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)3-5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),無(wu)毛(mao)(mao)(mao);花(hua)(hua)(hua)萼杯狀(zhuang)(zhuang),外面無(wu)毛(mao)(mao)(mao),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)約(yue)3.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),萼筒長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)約(yue)1.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),萼齒(chi)(chi)披針(zhen)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)三(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing),有(you)(you)緣毛(mao)(mao)(mao),最(zui)下(xia)萼齒(chi)(chi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)達2毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);花(hua)(hua)(hua)冠淡紅色(se)(se),稀白色(se)(se),花(hua)(hua)(hua)瓣(ban)近(jin)等長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang),旗(qi)瓣(ban)橢(tuo)圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)12-15(-17)毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)約(yue)7.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),先端(duan)圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing),外面無(wu)毛(mao)(mao)(mao),邊(bian)緣有(you)(you)短毛(mao)(mao)(mao),翼瓣(ban)邊(bian)緣有(you)(you)毛(mao)(mao)(mao);花(hua)(hua)(hua)藥闊(kuo)卵形(xing)(xing),兩端(duan)有(you)(you)髯毛(mao)(mao)(mao);子(zi)房無(wu)毛(mao)(mao)(mao)。莢果棕(zong)褐色(se)(se),圓(yuan)柱形(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)3.5-7厘(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),徑(jing)約(yue)5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),無(wu)毛(mao)(mao)(mao),內果皮有(you)(you)紫色(se)(se)斑點,有(you)(you)種子(zi)10余粒;果梗平展;種子(zi)赤(chi)褐色(se)(se),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing),長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)約(yue)5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),徑(jing)約(yue)2.5毫(hao)(hao)(hao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。花(hua)(hua)(hua)期5-7月,果期8月。
適應(ying)性強,耐(nai)貧瘠(ji),耐(nai)干旱,抗病(bing)性較(jiao)強,也較(jiao)耐(nai)水濕,對土壤要求不嚴。常生(sheng)于(yu)山坡灌叢及疏林(lin)內(nei)或(huo)巖(yan)縫(feng)中(zhong)。
產吉林、遼(liao)寧(ning)、河北、山東、江蘇(su)(海州)。朝鮮、日本也有分布。
花(hua)(hua)(hua)木藍(lan)是(shi)北方稀有(you)夏(xia)花(hua)(hua)(hua)植物,花(hua)(hua)(hua)色鮮艷,花(hua)(hua)(hua)量大,有(you)芳香,花(hua)(hua)(hua)期長達(da)50~60d。宜做(zuo)花(hua)(hua)(hua)籬,也適于做(zuo)公(gong)路、鐵路、護(hu)坡、路旁綠化,還是(shi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)壇、花(hua)(hua)(hua)境(jing)材料。
性味歸經
苦,寒。
功能主治
清熱(re)(re)解毒,消(xiao)腫(zhong)(zhong)止痛,通便。用(yong)于(yu)咽喉腫(zhong)(zhong)痛,肺熱(re)(re)咳嗽,黃(huang)疸,熱(re)(re)結便秘(mi);外用(yong)治痔瘡腫(zhong)(zhong)痛,蛇蟲(chong)咬傷。