揚州城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺址(zhi)位于江(jiang)蘇(su)省揚州市西北蜀(shu)(shu)崗上。春秋時(shi)吳王夫差始筑邗城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),歷代(dai)相繼(ji)修筑,隋唐(tang)時(shi)已擴建至(zhi)蜀(shu)(shu)崗下的(de)平原上,成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)僅次(ci)于京城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)繁(fan)華商業(ye)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)分為(wei)(wei)(wei)子(zi)(zi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和(he)羅(luo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)兩部分。兩城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)毗連(lian),子(zi)(zi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)在蜀(shu)(shu)崗上,稱(cheng)牙城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),即衙城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),為(wei)(wei)(wei)官(guan)衙聚集處。羅(luo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)在蜀(shu)(shu)崗下子(zi)(zi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)東南,又稱(cheng)大城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),是住宅(zhai)區(qu)和(he)商業(ye)區(qu)。現存子(zi)(zi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)、土垣。1984年以來(lai)多次(ci)發掘,明確了子(zi)(zi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和(he)羅(luo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)四面城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)、九座城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門及城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)道(dao)路、建筑址(zhi)等,同(tong)時(shi)探明了宋代(dai)揚州城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)系有三個(ge)關(guan)系密切(qie)的(de)大城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、夾城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、堡誠組成(cheng)。
揚州城(cheng)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)由大城(cheng)和小城(cheng)相連(lian)組成,總(zong)面積約20平方(fang)公(gong)里。大城(cheng)又名“羅(luo)城(cheng)”,始建(jian)于(yu)唐(tang)代中(zhong)晚期,城(cheng)內分(fen)為商業區和居民區,包磚砌筑的(de)(de)南(nan)門(men)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)外有(you)甕城(cheng),城(cheng)墻局部殘高(gao)3米。小城(cheng)又名“子(zi)城(cheng)”,是利用隋代宮城(cheng)重加(jia)修(xiu)筑而成的(de)(de),是當時的(de)(de)衙(ya)署(shu)區,平面呈不規則多邊形,辟有(you)4座城(cheng)門(men),城(cheng)墻遺(yi)(yi)(yi)跡清(qing)晰,范(fan)圍走向明確(que)。遺(yi)(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)內還發現有(you)唐(tang)代木船、古河(he)道、橋梁以及(ji)佛像、碑(bei)刻等大量遺(yi)(yi)(yi)跡、遺(yi)(yi)(yi)物。
揚州城遺址的發現,對于研(yan)究中國古代的城市(shi)規(gui)劃(hua)、交(jiao)通貿易、佛教藝術以(yi)及對外文(wen)化交(jiao)流等方面,具有重要的意義。(國家文(wen)物局)
國(guo)(guo)家文(wen)物局昨公布了第一批國(guo)(guo)家考古遺址(zhi)公園(yuan)名單(dan)和立項名單(dan)。揚(yang)州(zhou)(zhou)城考古遺址(zhi)公園(yuan)被列入立項名單(dan)。這是繼1996年被國(guo)(guo)務(wu)院公布為(wei)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)重(zhong)點文(wen)物保護(hu)單(dan)位后,揚(yang)州(zhou)(zhou)城遺址(zhi)獲得的又一國(guo)(guo)家級重(zhong)大榮譽。
國(guo)家考(kao)古遺(yi)址公園,是國(guo)家推(tui)行(xing)的(de)大遺(yi)址保(bao)護的(de)新(xin)模式,是指以重要考(kao)古遺(yi)址及(ji)其背景環境為主體(ti),具有(you)科研、教(jiao)育、游憩(qi)等功能,在考(kao)古遺(yi)址保(bao)護和展(zhan)示方面具有(you)全(quan)國(guo)性示范(fan)意義的(de)特定公共空間(jian)。
揚州城遺址(隋(sui)至宋(song)),全國(guo)(guo)重點文物(wu)保護(hu)單位且為現(xian)代揚州城所(suo)完全疊壓,它的發(fa)掘和(he)保護(hu)為世人所(suo)矚目(mu),并被國(guo)(guo)家發(fa)改委和(he)國(guo)(guo)家文物(wu)局列入(ru)“十一五”期間100處國(guo)(guo)家重點大遺址保護(hu)專(zhuan)項(xiang)。
今(jin)年6月18日,國家文(wen)物(wu)(wu)局面向全(quan)國開展國家考古(gu)遺址公園(yuan)評定,經省級文(wen)物(wu)(wu)行政部門(men)初審同意,報國家文(wen)物(wu)(wu)局參加評定。申(shen)報對象均為全(quan)國重點文(wen)物(wu)(wu)保(bao)護單位(wei),競爭非常激烈(lie)。
國(guo)家(jia)(jia)最(zui)終(zhong)確定第一(yi)批國(guo)家(jia)(jia)考(kao)(kao)(kao)古遺址公園12項(xiang),其中(zhong)包括圓明園國(guo)家(jia)(jia)考(kao)(kao)(kao)古遺址公園、周(zhou)口店國(guo)家(jia)(jia)考(kao)(kao)(kao)古遺址公園,江蘇僅鴻(hong)山國(guo)家(jia)(jia)考(kao)(kao)(kao)古遺址公園“上榜”;第一(yi)批國(guo)家(jia)(jia)考(kao)(kao)(kao)古遺址公園立項(xiang)項(xiang)目23項(xiang),江蘇僅揚(yang)州城(cheng)考(kao)(kao)(kao)古遺址公園在列。