無錫長廣溪國家濕地公(gong)園內(nei)石(shi)塘廊橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao),是(shi)東(dong)蠡湖(hu)的(de)標志性景觀(guan)之一(yi),是(shi)全市(shi)最(zui)長的(de)、反映蠡湖(hu)歷(li)史文化(hua)的(de)、具(ju)有(you)江南(nan)特色的(de)廊橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)。連接(jie)濕地公(gong)園兩(liang)端,一(yi)面靠(kao)筆架山,橫跨(kua)長廣溪,天氣晴朗時(shi)可望見蠡湖(hu)摩天輪和市(shi)區(qu)。石(shi)塘橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)長2里,全由黃石(shi)筑(zhu)(zhu)成,內(nei)填塘屑(xie)。宋(song)時(shi)堤(di)上(shang)建(jian)有(you)3座橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(廣濟橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)、保慶橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)、惠安橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao))。元末至正二十七年(nian)(1367年(nian)),莫天佑(you)毀橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)塞湖(hu),來(lai)抵御明兵,溪壅(yong)成患,后復建(jian)一(yi)座橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao),名(ming)廣濟橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(現稱石(shi)塘橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao),已改建(jian)成鋼筋混凝土(tu)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)),橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)兩(liang)旁(pang)留有(you)涵洞,以分水(shui)流。這條石(shi)堤(di)雖不是(shi)為(wei)圩區(qu)防洪(hong)而(er)筑(zhu)(zhu),但其在無錫歷(li)史上(shang),頗有(you)盛名(ming)。?
長廣溪(xi)(xi)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)科(ke)(ke)普館(guan)坐(zuo)落在無錫長廣溪(xi)(xi)國(guo)家濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園300米(mi)試(shi)驗(yan)段內,是(shi)無錫市第(di)(di)一個濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)科(ke)(ke)普教育基地(di)(di)(di)(di),展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)館(guan)建(jian)(jian)筑面(mian)(mian)積 400平方(fang)米(mi)。其通過濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)知識(shi)的(de)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)示和寓教于樂的(de)互動,提高觀(guan)眾的(de)生態保護意識(shi)。長廣溪(xi)(xi)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)科(ke)(ke)普館(guan)現有2個展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)廳,展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)板100多(duo)塊、模(mo)型15件,穿插運用多(duo)媒(mei)體技術,主要(yao)有非(fei)接觸式(shi)多(duo)媒(mei)體互動游(you)戲、濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)科(ke)(ke)普知識(shi)競答、濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)科(ke)(ke)普知識(shi)電視片宣傳等(deng)(deng)。第(di)(di)一展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)廳主要(yao)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)示濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)科(ke)(ke)普常識(shi)、中國(guo)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)類型模(mo)型、電子視屏演(yan)示系統、互動多(duo)媒(mei)體投(tou)影、濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)動植物標本等(deng)(deng)。第(di)(di)二展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)廳主要(yao)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)示長廣溪(xi)(xi)國(guo)家城(cheng)市濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(300米(mi)試(shi)驗(yan)段)規劃(hua)、建(jian)(jian)設情況,重點(dian)介(jie)紹了(le)長廣溪(xi)(xi)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)四(si)大凈化地(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)水水質(zhi)的(de)原理(li)以及模(mo)型。
雕(diao)塑(su)園鑲嵌在無錫長廣溪國家濕(shi)地(di)公園的(de)東北方,取(qu)名“五里(li)天(tian)堂”,寓(yu)意人與自然(ran)并存共(gong)榮。雕(diao)塑(su)園由上海同濟大學林家陽藝術原創工作室主持籌(chou)劃。雕(diao)塑(su)以中(zhong)國文化的(de)內涵為靈(ling)魂,融合西方現代雕(diao)塑(su)手法(fa),具有形式空間(jian)構成(cheng)的(de)美感(gan),兼有欣(xin)賞(shang)與互動的(de)功能(neng),彰顯人與自然(ran)的(de)心靈(ling)親(qin)密。“五里(li)天(tian)堂”雕(diao)塑(su)園中(zhong)有許多雕(diao)塑(su)作品,大型的(de)鯉魚鋼塑(su)、魚蝦水(shui)草磚(zhuan)雕(diao)、荷花塑(su)雕(diao)、多種(zhong)動物瓷模、體育競技雕(diao)塑(su)等等。
①火車站-無錫長(chang)廣溪國家濕地公園:77路從(cong)火車站上車到(dao)長(chang)廣溪橋下;
②黿頭(tou)渚-無錫長(chang)廣溪國(guo)家濕(shi)地(di)公園:160路(lu)/9路(lu)從寶界村上車到慈(ci)濟環保(bao)教育基地(di)下;
③三國(guo)城-無錫長廣溪國(guo)家濕地公園:82路(lu)三國(guo)城上(shang)車到唐城轉160路(lu)到慈(ci)濟環保教育基地下(xia);
④江南大學-無(wu)錫長(chang)廣溪國(guo)家濕地(di)公園:學校西門出去走10分鐘便到。
無(wu)錫長廣溪國家濕地公(gong)園江蘇(su)省無(wu)錫市濱湖(hu)區蠡湖(hu)西南岸(an)石塘橋堍。西依(yi)軍嶂山(shan),東(dong)鄰大學城,北連(lian)蠡湖(hu),南靠太湖(hu),依(yi)山(shan)傍湖(hu)。位于(yu)北緯31°50′,東(dong)經120°27′。面積約(yue)260公(gong)頃。
長(chang)廣(guang)溪(xi)(xi)原為江(jiang)南的(de)(de)自然(ran)小河(he),相傳公元(yuan)245年,孫(sun)權派典農(nong)校尉陳勛屯兵3萬開挖疏浚長(chang)廣(guang)溪(xi)(xi)。陳勛開通(tong)長(chang)廣(guang)溪(xi)(xi)后,后人接連溝通(tong)岸路,使(shi)之成為貫穿大(da)浮、雪(xue)浪、東洚、南泉4個鄉(xiang)的(de)(de)河(he)流。長(chang)廣(guang)溪(xi)(xi)及周邊地(di)區(qu)有(you)(you)(you)許多古橋、古井、古村落(luo)等(deng),更有(you)(you)(you)歷代名人為長(chang)廣(guang)溪(xi)(xi)留(liu)下的(de)(de)大(da)量贊頌詩(shi)詞(ci)和民間故事。20世紀50年代以前(qian),長(chang)廣(guang)溪(xi)(xi)基(ji)本呈(cheng)現原生(sheng)自然(ran)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai),呈(cheng)現典型的(de)(de)環太湖(hu)(hu)地(di)區(qu)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系統和濕(shi)(shi)地(di)景(jing)觀,五里湖(hu)(hu)與貢(gong)湖(hu)(hu)通(tong)過長(chang)廣(guang)溪(xi)(xi)進行水體交換,具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)江(jiang)南水鄉(xiang)中“水鄉(xiang)澤國(guo)、“水鳥天堂”的(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)自然(ran)風貌。20世紀80年代初因(yin)圍湖(hu)(hu)造田、人口增加、工業(ye)發展、水面(mian)縮小等(deng)原因(yin),生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)功能有(you)(you)(you)所降低。2002年,長(chang)廣(guang)溪(xi)(xi)及其兩(liang)側地(di)區(qu)被劃(hua)定為生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)用地(di),定性(xing)為濕(shi)(shi)地(di)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)公園。?
無錫(xi)長(chang)廣溪(xi)濕地(di)(di)(di)保護與生(sheng)態(tai)修復一期工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)于2008年11月奠基開工(gong)(gong),工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)范(fan)圍內共種(zhong)植(zhi)各類植(zhi)物品種(zhong)達260種(zhong),累計總投資6億元。一期建(jian)成的(de)(de)300米(mi)濕地(di)(di)(di)公園示(shi)范(fan)段位(wei)于石(shi)塘橋以(yi)南,長(chang)廣溪(xi)大橋以(yi)北,山(shan)水(shui)東(dong)路(lu)以(yi)東(dong),金石(shi)路(lu)以(yi)西的(de)(de)范(fan)圍內,占(zhan)地(di)(di)(di)約5.6公頃。園內通(tong)過采用雨水(shui)凈化及洪水(shui)防治的(de)(de)示(shi)范(fan)措施以(yi)達到生(sheng)態(tai)的(de)(de)可持續(xu)發展及保持地(di)(di)(di)區生(sheng)態(tai)平衡。同時通(tong)過建(jian)設水(shui)生(sheng)動植(zhi)物生(sheng)態(tai)棲(qi)息地(di)(di)(di)示(shi)范(fan)區、自然(ran)教(jiao)育基地(di)(di)(di)、旅游(you)(you)服務管(guan)理中(zhong)心等為(wei)廣大市民(min)和(he)游(you)(you)客提供(gong)旅游(you)(you)休憩、科(ke)(ke)普學習的(de)(de)場(chang)所。一期工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)作(zuo)為(wei)示(shi)范(fan)段為(wei)整個長(chang)廣溪(xi)生(sheng)態(tai)環境的(de)(de)綜(zong)合(he)整治提供(gong)科(ke)(ke)學的(de)(de)試驗依(yi)據和(he)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)實踐(jian)經驗。
2011年9月啟動了(le)無錫長(chang)廣溪(xi)(xi)國家濕地公(gong)(gong)園二(er)(er)期(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)。其(qi)區域(yu)北(bei)接長(chang)廣溪(xi)(xi)公(gong)(gong)園一(yi)期(qi),南(nan)通太(tai)湖(hu)(hu),東到蠡湖(hu)(hu)大(da)道,西至(zhi)緣(yuan)溪(xi)(xi)道,南(nan)北(bei)向長(chang)約(yue)4500米,占地面積約(yue)416公(gong)(gong)頃,工(gong)程(cheng)總投資估(gu)算約(yue)30.7億元。二(er)(er)期(qi)主要將實施(shi)對該區域(yu)的綠(lv)化建設、河道清淤(yu)、駁岸修整、水(shui)生植(zhi)物培植(zhi)、基礎設施(shi)建設等。工(gong)程(cheng)建成后與太(tai)湖(hu)(hu)新城中央(yang)濕地、蠡湖(hu)(hu)帶狀綠(lv)地以(yi)及環太(tai)湖(hu)(hu)生態林帶共同構成太(tai)湖(hu)(hu)新城“三縱一(yi)橫”的生態格局。