無錫(xi)市白云(yun)觀位于無錫(xi)惠山三茅峰(feng)北(bei)麓的(de)景點“石門”,傳(chuan)說(shuo)為(wei)明朝禮部尚書(shu)邵(shao)寶的(de)藏寶之(zhi)所(suo),故(gu)有(you)“若(ruo)要(yao)石門開,要(yao)等邵(shao)寶來”的(de)傳(chuan)說(shuo)。至今保存(cun)(cun)著大量(liang)道教文化(hua)的(de)歷史遺存(cun)(cun)。
據考(kao)證,歷(li)史上(shang)(shang)(shang),從“石(shi)(shi)門(men)下”上(shang)(shang)(shang)山,隨“七十二搖車(che)灣(wan)”拾(shi)級(ji)而(er)上(shang)(shang)(shang),分布(bu)著14個道(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)景觀(guan)點,形成(cheng)了以“白(bai)(bai)(bai)云觀(guan)”為核心,以“七十二搖車(che)灣(wan)”為軸(zhou)心而(er)聞名(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)道(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)文化(hua)群。據碑文記(ji)載,“白(bai)(bai)(bai)云觀(guan)”原名(ming)(ming)(ming)“迎祥觀(guan)”,又名(ming)(ming)(ming)“紫微宮(gong)”,初建(jian)于(yu)東晉,至唐朝(chao)(chao)被毀,直至明朝(chao)(chao)萬歷(li)天啟年間,因唐朝(chao)(chao)八(ba)仙中(zhong)的(de)(de)呂洞(dong)(dong)賓(道(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)全真派五祖師之一(yi))曾在(zai)石(shi)(shi)門(men)旁一(yi)洞(dong)(dong)內修(xiu)煉(lian)過,故刻呂純陽石(shi)(shi)像(xiang)一(yi)座,供奉于(yu)洞(dong)(dong)內(現仍在(zai)),該洞(dong)(dong)稱為“白(bai)(bai)(bai)云觀(guan)”,香火(huo)不(bu)絕,旁邊建(jian)一(yi)殿(dian)(dian)宇稱“紫微宮(gong)”,于(yu)今已有(you)600多年歷(li)史。在(zai)“文革”中(zhong)未遭毀損的(de)(de)“三茅(mao)殿(dian)(dian)”與句容茅(mao)山的(de)(de)“三茅(mao)殿(dian)(dian)”同建(jian)同名(ming)(ming)(ming)。考(kao)證表明,原有(you)的(de)(de)道(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)殿(dian)(dian)堂都建(jian)于(yu)明、清時(shi)代。這(zhe)里,除了在(zai)歷(li)史上(shang)(shang)(shang)是(shi)蘇南(nan)地區較集中(zhong)的(de)(de)聞名(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)道(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)活動場所之外(wai),還有(you)著深厚(hou)的(de)(de)文化(hua)底蘊。現存(cun)乾隆26年的(de)(de)碑刻,摩崖石(shi)(shi)刻“石(shi)(shi)門(men)”,“白(bai)(bai)(bai)云洞(dong)(dong)”內的(de)(de)“此鄉(xiang)可樂”、“張仙殿(dian)(dian)”原址(zhi)的(de)(de)“水濂飛瀑”等,此外(wai)還有(you)“隱風石(shi)(shi)”,“出橋石(shi)(shi)”、“棋盤石(shi)(shi)”、“仙人腳”等景點,每處都有(you)美麗的(de)(de)傳(chuan)說。
黨的(de)(de)十一屆三中(zhong)全(quan)會后(hou),無錫市(shi)委、市(shi)政(zheng)(zheng)府積(ji)極落實黨的(de)(de)宗教(jiao)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce),這里的(de)(de)道(dao)(dao)(dao)觀景點(dian)也開始了(le)(le)修復和(he)利用。上世(shi)紀九十年(nian)代(dai)初(chu)(chu),開始對“白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)云(yun)洞(dong)(dong)”局部(bu)(bu)修復,以后(hou)又(you)建造了(le)(le)“斗姥殿”、“財神(shen)堂(tang)”及茶室、小(xiao)買(mai)賣部(bu)(bu)和(he)食堂(tang)等(deng)配(pei)套用房,2003年(nian)5月,“白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)云(yun)觀”道(dao)(dao)(dao)眾(zhong)又(you)將小(xiao)買(mai)賣部(bu)(bu)改建成“文昌閣”;2004年(nian)又(you)鑄1.8米高的(de)(de)呂祖銅像一座(zuo),在“白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)云(yun)洞(dong)(dong)”前新建了(le)(le)“純陽殿”,同(tong)時又(you)對“白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)云(yun)洞(dong)(dong)”進行(xing)了(le)(le)保(bao)護(hu)性改建,并對原(yuan)“財神(shen)殿”進行(xing)了(le)(le)徹底改建等(deng),使(shi)“白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)云(yun)觀”總建筑面積(ji)達到900平方米左右,初(chu)(chu)顯規模。與此同(tong)時,另有民眾(zhong)自籌資金在原(yuan)“離垢(gou)庵”址建造了(le)(le)“離垢(gou)道(dao)(dao)(dao)院(yuan)”;在原(yuan)“紅(hong)云(yun)洞(dong)(dong)”址建造了(le)(le)“紅(hong)云(yun)洞(dong)(dong)”殿室。從“石門下”入(ru)口(kou)至(zhi)“白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)云(yun)觀”的(de)(de)原(yuan)“七十二搖車灣”山(shan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)也已修復成水泥臺階。“白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)云(yun)觀”憑借悠久的(de)(de)歷史(shi)而(er)名聲再起,香火日益旺盛。