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大邑(yi)黃連位(wei)于大邑(yi)縣，是成都中(zhong)藥材生產基地。用于溫病(bing)高熱、口(kou)渴煩(fan)躁、血熱妄行(xing)、以(yi)及熱毒瘡瘍(yang)等。

簡介

在大(da)(da)邑縣(xian)(xian)(xian)出阝江鎮馬(ma)橋村海拔1100米高的九(jiu)頂山一(yi)(yi)側看(kan)到，幾個碩(shuo)大(da)(da)相連(lian)的山頭墨綠一(yi)(yi)片(pian)，充(chong)滿生(sheng)機活力。原(yuan)來(lai)，這是大(da)(da)邑縣(xian)(xian)(xian)引進的四川(chuan)圖藍藥(yao)(yao)業成都藥(yao)(yao)材種植有限公司(si)，投資800萬元(yuan)興建(jian)的1500畝(mu)黃(huang)連(lian)基(ji)地(di)，該基(ji)地(di)不僅讓荒山變(bian)成了綠洲，還解決了當地(di)700名農民(min)的務工(gong)問題。 大(da)(da)邑縣(xian)(xian)(xian)盛產黃(huang)連(lian)、黃(huang)柏、厚樸、杜仲等(deng)名貴(gui)中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)材，是成都中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)(yao)材生(sheng)產基(ji)地(di)。

地理資源

九頂山這(zhe)一(yi)帶(dai)海(hai)拔1100米(mi)左右，土壤(rang)厚(hou)、肥力強，氣(qi)候濕潤，夏天(tian)的氣(qi)溫較山下低5至7攝氏度，是(shi)黃連(lian)最佳的生長環境。從2003年(nian)夏秋(qiu)開始，當地數百群(qun)眾便開墾(ken)出一(yi)片地種上(shang)了(le)黃連(lian)。第(di)二年(nian)秋(qiu)，700人(ren)的開荒隊伍浩(hao)浩(hao)蕩(dang)蕩(dang)上(shang)山拉開了(le)開荒大(da)會戰。歷經(jing)2年(nian)多(duo)的不懈努力，成都(dou)最大(da)的1500畝黃連(lian)基地終(zhong)于建設完成。

形態特征

黃連：多年生(sheng)草(cao)本，根莖有(you)分枝，形(xing)如雞爪。葉基(ji)生(sheng)，有(you)長(chang)柄；葉片(pian)卵狀(zhuang)三(san)角形(xing)，三(san)全(quan)裂，中央(yang)裂片(pian)棱形(xing)，羽毛深裂，邊緣有(you)鋸齒。花(hua)(hua)葶1~2條，頂生(sheng)，聚(ju)傘(san)花(hua)(hua)序有(you)3~8花(hua)(hua)。2.云連：葉中央(yang)裂片(pian)卵狀(zhuang)棱形(xing)或長(chang)棱形(xing)。羽狀(zhuang)深裂3~6對。

根(gen)(gen)莖(jing)含(han)(han)多種(zhong)異喹啉(lin)類生物堿，以小(xiao)檗堿含(han)(han)量(liang)最高(gao)，為(wei)5～8%，尚(shang)含(han)(han)黃連(lian)堿、甲基黃連(lian)堿、巴馬亭、藥根(gen)(gen)堿、表小(xiao)檗堿及木蘭(lan)花堿等(deng)；酸性成(cheng)分有(you)阿魏酸，氯原酸等(deng)。須根(gen)(gen)含(han)(han)小(xiao)檗堿可達5%；黃連(lian)葉含(han)(han)小(xiao)檗堿1.4%～2.9%。

醫學應用

1.用于濕(shi)(shi)熱(re)內蘊(yun)(yun)、腸(chang)(chang)胃濕(shi)(shi)熱(re)、嘔(ou)吐、瀉(xie)痢(li)等癥。配(pei)黃(huang)芩(qin)、大黃(huang)等，能(neng)治濕(shi)(shi)熱(re)內蘊(yun)(yun)之證。對濕(shi)(shi)熱(re)留戀腸(chang)(chang)胃，常配(pei)合(he)半夏、竹茹；配(pei)木(mu)香、黃(huang)芩(qin)、葛根等以治瀉(xie)痢(li)。

2.用(yong)于溫(wen)病(bing)高(gao)熱(re)(re)(re)、口(kou)(kou)渴煩躁、血(xue)熱(re)(re)(re)妄(wang)行、以(yi)及熱(re)(re)(re)毒瘡瘍等。治溫(wen)病(bing)高(gao)熱(re)(re)(re)、心火(huo)(huo)亢盛，配(pei)伍梔子、連翹(qiao)等；對于血(xue)熱(re)(re)(re)妄(wang)行，可配(pei)伍黃(huang)芩、大黃(huang)等同(tong)用(yong)；對熱(re)(re)(re)毒瘡瘍，可配(pei)伍赤(chi)芍、牡丹(dan)皮等藥同(tong)用(yong)。此外，黃(huang)連還可用(yong)于胃火(huo)(huo)熾盛的中消證，可配(pei)合(he)天(tian)花粉(fen)、知母、生地等同(tong)用(yong)；涂口(kou)(kou)，可治口(kou)(kou)舌生瘡。

用(yong)法(fa)用(yong)量：煎服(fu)，2～5g。外用(yong)適量。

注(zhu)意事項：本品大(da)苦大(da)寒，過服久服易傷(shang)脾(pi)胃，脾(pi)胃虛寒者(zhe)忌用(yong)(yong)。苦燥傷(shang)津(jin)，陰虛津(jin)傷(shang)者(zhe)慎用(yong)(yong)。

相關信息

80年(nian)(nian)代以前，黃(huang)(huang)(huang)連(lian)(lian)(lian)主要品種(zhong)(zhong)味連(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主產(chan)區(qu)(qu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)成都(dou)西(xi)部(bu)(bu)平原大(da)邑、灌州及(ji)(ji)(ji)東(dong)部(bu)(bu)山(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)與湖北(bei)、湖南接壤的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)四(si)川(chuan)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)州、開(kai)縣(xian)、石柱、南川(chuan)及(ji)(ji)(ji)湖北(bei)利川(chuan)、湖南龍(long)山(shan)(shan)一帶，年(nian)(nian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積約1—2萬(wan)(wan)(wan)畝(mu)，年(nian)(nian)起地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積不過數千畝(mu)，所以建國后二十余年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計劃經濟時期(qi)，黃(huang)(huang)(huang)連(lian)(lian)(lian)一直處于(yu)供不應求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狀況。改(gai)革(ge)開(kai)放后，由(you)于(yu)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)連(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價(jia)(jia)高，銷暢，老產(chan)區(qu)(qu)種(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)(mian)(mian)積連(lian)(lian)(lian)年(nian)(nian)擴大(da)，至(zhi)80年(nian)(nian)代末造(zao)成黃(huang)(huang)(huang)連(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)在(zai)(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積高達3—4萬(wan)(wan)(wan)畝(mu)。黃(huang)(huang)(huang)連(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)量積壓，使價(jia)(jia)格落(luo)至(zhi)20元(yuan)/公斤(jin)左(zuo)右，十年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低(di)價(jia)(jia)位(wei)(wei)運行(xing)，使栽培面(mian)(mian)(mian)積大(da)幅縮(suo)減，回(hui)到傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)植規模，年(nian)(nian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積萬(wan)(wan)(wan)畝(mu)左(zuo)右。自1999年(nian)(nian)始(shi)由(you)于(yu)庫存消耗(hao)及(ji)(ji)(ji)市場(chang)(chang)炒(chao)作(zuo)因(yin)素，黃(huang)(huang)(huang)連(lian)(lian)(lian)市場(chang)(chang)如開(kai)鍋般(ban)沸騰起來，價(jia)(jia)格一度攀上(shang)280元(yuan)/公斤(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高位(wei)(wei)，并在(zai)(zai)(zai)高于(yu)100元(yuan)/公斤(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價(jia)(jia)位(wei)(wei)上(shang)持續5年(nian)(nian)有(you)余，市場(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高價(jia)(jia)位(wei)(wei)運行(xing)，刺激(ji)了產(chan)區(qu)(qu)農民種(zhong)(zhong)植黃(huang)(huang)(huang)連(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積極性，老產(chan)區(qu)(qu)內流(liu)行(xing)一種(zhong)(zhong)最時髦的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)說法“要發家種(zhong)(zhong)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)連(lian)(lian)(lian)”，一股種(zhong)(zhong)植黃(huang)(huang)(huang)連(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱潮(chao)席卷成都(dou)西(xi)部(bu)(bu)平原，重(zhong)慶東(dong)部(bu)(bu)山(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)湖北(bei)西(xi)部(bu)(bu)山(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)，并迅速向周(zhou)邊(bian)蔓延，以至(zhi)四(si)川(chuan)南部(bu)(bu)山(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)、貴(gui)州北(bei)部(bu)(bu)、湖南龍(long)山(shan)(shan)周(zhou)邊(bian)，陜西(xi)南部(bu)(bu)山(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)，到處興起一股黃(huang)(huang)(huang)連(lian)(lian)(lian)熱，據悉成都(dou)西(xi)部(bu)(bu)平原以大(da)邑縣(xian)為中(zhong)心，灌江市、崇慶縣(xian)、雅(ya)連(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主產(chan)區(qu)(qu)洪(hong)雅(ya)、峨眉等地(di)(di)在(zai)(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積不下萬(wan)(wan)(wan)畝(mu)。萬(wan)(wan)(wan)州、開(kai)縣(xian)產(chan)區(qu)(qu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積也在(zai)(zai)(zai)2—3萬(wan)(wan)(wan)畝(mu)之間(jian)，南面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石柱縣(xian)稱在(zai)(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積為4萬(wan)(wan)(wan)畝(mu)，湖北(bei)竹溪、竹山(shan)(shan)一帶在(zai)(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積幾(ji)達2萬(wan)(wan)(wan)畝(mu)，西(xi)南的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利川(chuan)及(ji)(ji)(ji)周(zhou)邊(bian)各縣(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積更不下5萬(wan)(wan)(wan)畝(mu)，加上(shang)湖南龍(long)山(shan)(shan)及(ji)(ji)(ji)周(zhou)邊(bian)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)，川(chuan)南、貴(gui)州、陜南各縣(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積總計亦不下一個主產(chan)區(qu)(qu)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積總量也在(zai)(zai)(zai)1—2萬(wan)(wan)(wan)畝(mu)之間(jian)。主次(ci)產(chan)區(qu)(qu)14—15萬(wan)(wan)(wan)畝(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)在(zai)(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積，這是多么龐(pang)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數字。