一.產品介紹
曹鎮(zhen)大米(mi)(mi)的產區(qu)——綠(lv)色食(shi)品(pin)水(shui)稻(dao)種(zhong)植基地位于我市(shi)湛河區(qu)曹鎮(zhen)鄉大黃莊(zhuang)傳(chuan)統水(shui)稻(dao)種(zhong)植核心(xin)區(qu),該地域(yu)沒(mei)有工業,沒(mei)有污染源(yuan),這里土地肥沃(wo),空氣清新,自然生態(tai)環境原始,素(su)有鷹城小江南、稻(dao)米(mi)(mi)之鄉之稱。
水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)的灌溉水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)來自白(bai)龜湖,這里是國(guo)家二級(ji)飲用(yong)水(shui)(shui)源(yuan),湖水(shui)(shui)發源(yuan)于伏牛山脈腹地沙河,其水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)含有(you)豐富的礦物質(zhi)和微量(liang)元素。
曹鎮大米(mi)采用(yong)無土栽培基質(zhi)(zhi)育秧,施用(yong)有機(ji)生物(wu)肥。豐裕公司采用(yong)生物(wu)滅蟲、人工除草、音(yin)樂促長,并按照綠色食品(pin)種(zhong)植(zhi)的特(te)殊(shu)要求,從(cong)整(zheng)地(di)、育秧、插秧、田(tian)(tian)間管理、病蟲害防治到收割、運輸(shu)、儲(chu)存、加工、庫(ku)房管理等各個環節嚴格(ge)按照技術操作(zuo)規程,建(jian)立了(le)產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量安全追(zhui)溯體(ti)系,真正實現了(le)從(cong)農田(tian)(tian)到餐桌全程產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量安全控制。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素
2.1土壤地(di)(di)貌(mao)情況(kuang) 平(ping)頂(ding)山(shan)(shan)市湛(zhan)河(he)(he)區地(di)(di)處伏牛山(shan)(shan)、外(wai)方(fang)山(shan)(shan)余脈與黃淮(huai)(huai)平(ping)原交接地(di)(di)帶(dai),地(di)(di)勢(shi)西高東(dong)(dong)低(di),呈梯度分布。淮(huai)(huai)河(he)(he)上游重要(yao)(yao)的(de)支(zhi)流(liu)---沙河(he)(he)發源(yuan)(yuan)于此(ci),并從曹(cao)(cao)(cao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)鄉(xiang)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)自(zi)西向東(dong)(dong)穿過。1958年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)響應毛主席一定要(yao)(yao)把(ba)淮(huai)(huai)河(he)(he)治好(hao)的(de)號召,在曹(cao)(cao)(cao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)鄉(xiang)的(de)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)和北(bei)(bei)部(bu)修筑了(le)新中國淮(huai)(huai)河(he)(he)上游的(de)二座(zuo)大型水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)白(bai)(bai)(bai)龜山(shan)(shan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku),從此(ci)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)鄉(xiang)真正成了(le)可(ke)與江南(nan)媲美的(de)魚米之(zhi)鄉(xiang)。曹(cao)(cao)(cao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)鄉(xiang)地(di)(di)貌(mao)屬于沖積(ji)平(ping)原,地(di)(di)勢(shi)平(ping)坦(tan),海拔(ba) 92---110m之(zhi)間(jian)。土壤類(lei)型為褐化兩(liang)合土,有機質平(ping)均含量(liang)1.36%、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)解氮平(ping)均值70ppm、速(su)效(xiao)磷(lin)平(ping)均值12.6ppm、速(su)效(xiao)鉀127.855ppm,土層深(shen)厚,通透(tou)性好(hao),無污染源(yuan)(yuan),非(fei)常適合水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)生長。 2.2水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文情況(kuang) 該區域地(di)(di)表水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)有自(zi)然降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和入境水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)兩(liang)部(bu)分。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均總(zong)量(liang)共96052萬(wan)m3,偏枯(ku)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)為53697萬(wan)m3。地(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)由自(zi)然降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),自(zi)流(liu)灌(guan)溉回(hui)歸水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),河(he)(he)流(liu)側(ce)滲(shen)及(ji)白(bai)(bai)(bai)龜山(shan)(shan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)滲(shen)漏等組成,可(ke)利用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)(yuan)總(zong)量(liang)接近30萬(wan)m2。境內(nei)南(nan)有大泥河(he)(he)與白(bai)(bai)(bai)龜山(shan)(shan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)干渠穿境而過,北(bei)(bei)靠白(bai)(bai)(bai)龜山(shan)(shan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku),其(qi)中白(bai)(bai)(bai)龜山(shan)(shan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)東(dong)(dong)西長15.5Km,南(nan)北(bei)(bei)寬(kuan)4.2Km,占地(di)(di)近70Km2,庫(ku)(ku)(ku)容量(liang)6.49億m3 ,有效(xiao)灌(guan)溉面積(ji)3.3萬(wan)hm2,整個(ge)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)鄉(xiang)都在其(qi)灌(guan)區覆蓋內(nei)。 2.3氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)情況(kuang) 氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)屬暖(nuan)溫(wen)(wen)帶(dai)大陸季風氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)。主要(yao)(yao)特(te)點(dian)是:光能充裕,熱量(liang)豐富,無霜(shuang)期(qi)長,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)熱同期(qi)。境內(nei)冬春季多東(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)風和偏東(dong)(dong)風,夏季多偏東(dong)(dong)風,秋季多為東(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)風和偏西風,冬季以偏北(bei)(bei)風為主。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)14.9℃,極(ji)端(duan)最高氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)43.7℃,最低(di)-17.8℃。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)678.6mm。7—9月份(fen)的(de)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)占全(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)70%左右。高溫(wen)(wen)期(qi)與多雨期(qi)同步,十分有利于水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)生長。境內(nei)多年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均日(ri)照時(shi)(shi)數(shu)(shu)有2231.2小時(shi)(shi),年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均日(ri)照率是50%,年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)最多日(ri)照時(shi)(shi)數(shu)(shu)為2490小時(shi)(shi),最少日(ri)照時(shi)(shi)數(shu)(shu)為2059小時(shi)(shi)。
三.地域范圍
“曹(cao)鎮大(da)(da)米”以(yi)平(ping)頂山市湛河(he)區曹(cao)鎮鄉(xiang)大(da)(da)黃莊(zhuang)(zhuang)為核心,以(yi)白龜(gui)山干渠、大(da)(da)泥河(he)兩側為主(zhu)線(xian),主(zhu)要涉(she)及銀王(wang)、潘莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、陶寨(zhai)、邢鋪、褚莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、灣李(li)(li)、溝(gou)劉(liu)、王(wang)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、肖莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、李(li)(li)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、焦(jiao)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、朱堂(tang)、齊莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、秦莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、曹(cao)東(dong)、曹(cao)西、曹(cao)北(bei)、關莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、謝莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、楊(yang)西、連莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、大(da)(da)黃莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、蘇(su)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、齊務、宋寨(zhai)、吉村(cun)(cun)、彭莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、河(he)岸李(li)(li)、曹(cao)坑、泥河(he)、李(li)(li)三(san)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、趙莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、張莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、五虎劉(liu)、杜莊(zhuang)(zhuang)等35個行政村(cun)(cun),北(bei)鄰白龜(gui)湖(hu),南(nan)接葉縣任店鎮,西與魯山縣的張官營(ying)和滾子營(ying)相鄰。地理坐標位于東(dong)經113°09′至(zhi)113°15′,北(bei)緯(wei)33°42′至(zhi)33°59′,東(dong)西長15 Km,南(nan)北(bei)長4.3Km,適宜(yi)種植面(mian)積 3500 hm2,年產(chan)大(da)(da)米20000噸左右。
四.產品品質特性特征
4.1外在(zai)感(gan)官特征 質地堅硬,色(se)澤(ze)微黃略透(tou)明,米飯(fan)筋(jin)道,米粥黏(nian)糯,香氣(qi)濃郁,回味微甜。 4.2內在(zai)品(pin)(pin)質指標(biao) 經農(nong)業(ye)部農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)質量(liang)監(jian)督檢驗(yan)測試中心(鄭州)檢驗(yan),“曹鎮大米”粗淀(dian)粉(fen)含量(liang)為87.9%-88.37 %,高于(yu)普通大米(62%-86%),直鏈淀(dian)粉(fen)含量(liang)為17.6%-19.8%(最適值(zhi)17%-25%),蛋白質含量(liang)為(7.71- 7.8)g/100g(最適值(zhi)6-9),均(jun)在(zai)最適范圍(wei)內,膠稠度為82-90mm,略低(di)于(yu)最適值(zhi)(90mm),總體品(pin)(pin)質上佳。 4.3安(an)全(quan)要(yao)求 稻生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)和(he)加工過程嚴格按照綠色(se)食品(pin)(pin)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)加工技術標(biao)準(zhun)進行(xing),禁(jin)止(zhi)使用(yong)未依法登記和(he)國(guo)家明令禁(jin)止(zhi)使用(yong)的(de)農(nong)業(ye)投入品(pin)(pin),推行(xing)標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan),切(qie)實保障質量(liang)安(an)全(quan)。
五.特定生產方式
3.1產地(di)(di)(di)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇 選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)耕(geng)(geng)層深(shen)(shen)厚、肥(fei)(fei)(fei)沃、通透性(xing)(xing)良好(hao),土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)中(zhong)性(xing)(xing)偏酸、有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)含量(liang)(liang)高,具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)較好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)保(bao)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)能力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)沙(sha)壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu),產地(di)(di)(di)環(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)符合(he)《綠色食品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)產地(di)(di)(di)環(huan)境(jing)技術條件(jian)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。 3.2品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇 “曹鎮大(da)米(mi)”主栽品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)應(ying)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇適(shi)合(he)當(dang)地(di)(di)(di)環(huan)境(jing)條件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)優質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、抗病(bing)(bing)且(qie)通過省(sheng)級農(nong)(nong)(nong)作物(wu)(wu)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)審定(ding)委(wei)員會(hui)審(認)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),如:黃(huang)金(jin)晴、新(xin)稻(dao)(dao)18等(deng)(deng)。不(bu)得使用(yong)(yong)(yong)未經審定(ding)和轉基(ji)因品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。 3.3 生(sheng)產過程(cheng)管(guan)理(li)(li) 3.3.1培育(yu)壯苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao) 3.3.1.1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子處理(li)(li) 播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)先曬種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)2-3天。用(yong)(yong)(yong)1%的(de)(de)(de)(de)石灰(hui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)浸種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)24小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。撈出(chu)后(hou)(hou)放(fang)在(zai)(zai)30℃清(qing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)泡(pao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)2-3天,沖洗干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)凈,裹(guo)入(ru)(ru)麻袋(或(huo)(huo)(huo) 其他保(bao)溫材料(liao)),放(fang)在(zai)(zai)朝陽處24h,破胸露(lu)白時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。 3.3.2 整(zheng)地(di)(di)(di)做床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang) 3.3.2.1 秧(yang)田(tian)(tian)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇 選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)背(bei)風向(xiang)陽、地(di)(di)(di)勢平坦(tan)、地(di)(di)(di)力(li)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)沃、灌(guan)排水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui) 方便的(de)(de)(de)(de)旱田(tian)(tian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)田(tian)(tian)育(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),提(ti)倡穴(xue)盤(pan)基(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)育(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。 3.3.2.2 整(zheng)地(di)(di)(di)做床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang) 秧(yang)田(tian)(tian)深(shen)(shen)翻旋耕(geng)(geng)除凈殘茬、找(zhao)平后(hou)(hou)做寬1.8m,床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)長(chang)10-15m,步道溝40cm,的(de)(de)(de)(de)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang),反復平整(zheng)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)面。 3.3.3 播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong) 常規(gui)育(yu)秧(yang)5月(yue)10~12日(ri)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667㎡40kg;穴(xue)盤(pan)育(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)按(an)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)畝大(da)田(tian)(tian)30盤(pan)、每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)盤(pan)130克-140k用(yong)(yong)(yong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)(liang)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)畝用(yong)(yong)(yong)重量(liang)(liang)3.5~4kg。 3.3.4 秧(yang)田(tian)(tian)管(guan)理(li)(li) 播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)澆(jiao)足底水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),出(chu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)前(qian)不(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)澆(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),當(dang)秧(yang)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)青(qing)頭(tou)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),補澆(jiao)一次水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)期(qi)不(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)。 3.3.5 大(da)田(tian)(tian)管(guan)理(li)(li) 3.3.5.1 整(zheng)地(di)(di)(di) 前(qian)茬收(shou)(shou)獲(huo)后(hou)(hou),要(yao)(yao)(yao)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)滅(mie)茬,趁墑耕(geng)(geng)翻,放(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泡(pao)田(tian)(tian)。 3.3.5.2 施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei) 提(ti)倡測土(tu)(tu)(tu)配方施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei),注(zhu)意有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)、無(wu)機(ji)(ji)結合(he),氮(dan)、磷(lin)、鉀配合(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667㎡施(shi)(shi)(shi)入(ru)(ru)優質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)3?以(yi)上(shang),純(chun)氮(dan)12㎏~15㎏,純(chun)磷(lin)6.5㎏~7㎏,純(chun)鉀12㎏~15㎏,硫酸鋅1㎏~2㎏。其中(zhong)氮(dan)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)50%~70%作基(ji)面肥(fei)(fei)(fei),20%~30%作分蘗(bo)肥(fei)(fei)(fei),10%~20%作穗(sui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei);磷(lin)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)全(quan)部作基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong);鉀肥(fei)(fei)(fei)基(ji)、蘗(bo)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)各占50%。 3.3.5.3 插(cha)(cha)(cha)秧(yang) 機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)插(cha)(cha)(cha)秧(yang),適(shi)宜時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)為(wei)(wei)6月(yue)8~12日(ri),要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)秧(yang)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)3.5~4.5片葉(xie)(xie);人工(gong)常規(gui)插(cha)(cha)(cha)秧(yang),時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)為(wei)(wei)6月(yue)13~18日(ri),要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)秧(yang)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)5.5~7.5片葉(xie)(xie)。人工(gong)插(cha)(cha)(cha)秧(yang),行(xing)穴(xue)距(ju)33.3×13.3㎝,每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)3~4苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),基(ji)本苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)4.5~6萬(wan)(wan)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao);機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)栽插(cha)(cha)(cha),行(xing)穴(xue)距(ju)20×16.7㎝,每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667㎡2萬(wan)(wan)穴(xue),每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)5苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)~6苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),基(ji)本苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)10萬(wan)(wan)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)~12萬(wan)(wan)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。總的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)是要(yao)(yao)(yao)淺插(cha)(cha)(cha)、勻插(cha)(cha)(cha),深(shen)(shen)度1㎝~2㎝。 3.3.5.4 灌(guan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui) 秧(yang)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)返青(qing)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灌(guan)深(shen)(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)護(hu)秧(yang),水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)(shen)3cm~5㎝,但不(bu)淹心;分蘗(bo)期(qi)灌(guan)淺水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),在(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)(you)效分蘗(bo)期(qi)內淺水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)勤灌(guan)(水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)(shen)1cm~2㎝);無(wu)效分蘗(bo)期(qi),及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)排水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)曬田(tian)(tian)。孕(yun)穗(sui)揚花期(qi)灌(guan)3㎝以(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)深(shen)(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)且(qie)不(bu)能斷水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui);齊穗(sui)后(hou)(hou)“干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)濕(shi)濕(shi),以(yi)濕(shi)為(wei)(wei)主” ,后(hou)(hou)期(qi)“干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)濕(shi)濕(shi),以(yi)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)為(wei)(wei)主”。收(shou)(shou)獲(huo)前(qian)7d及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)排水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。 3.3.6 有(you)(you)(you)害(hai)(hai)(hai)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)控(kong)治(zhi)(zhi)技術 3.3.6.1農(nong)(nong)(nong)業防治(zhi)(zhi) 選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)抗性(xing)(xing)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),定(ding)期(qi)輪換,保(bao)持品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)抗性(xing)(xing),減(jian)輕病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)合(he)理(li)(li)耕(geng)(geng)作制(zhi)度、輪作換茬、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(稻(dao)(dao)鴨、稻(dao)(dao)魚(yu)、稻(dao)(dao)蟹等(deng)(deng))結合(he)、健身栽培等(deng)(deng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藝措施(shi)(shi)(shi),減(jian)少有(you)(you)(you)害(hai)(hai)(hai)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)。 3.3.6.2 生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)防治(zhi)(zhi) 選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇對(dui)天敵(di)殺傷力(li)小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)、低(di)(di)毒性(xing)(xing)代學農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao),避開自(zi)然(ran)天敵(di)對(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)敏感時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi),創(chuang)造適(shi)宜自(zi)然(ran)天敵(di)繁殖的(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境(jing),保(bao)護(hu)天敵(di);利用(yong)(yong)(yong)及(ji)(ji)釋放(fang)天敵(di)控(kong)制(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)害(hai)(hai)(hai)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)。 3.3.6.3 物(wu)(wu)理(li)(li)防治(zhi)(zhi) 采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)黑光(guang)燈、震頻式(shi)殺蟲(chong)(chong)燈、色光(guang)板等(deng)(deng)物(wu)(wu)理(li)(li)裝置(zhi)誘殺鱗翅目、同翅目害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)。 3.3.6.4 藥(yao)(yao)劑防治(zhi)(zhi) 3.3.6.4.1 稻(dao)(dao)瘟病(bing)(bing) 當(dang)稻(dao)(dao)瘟病(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)心病(bing)(bing)團出(chu)現時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667 m2用(yong)(yong)(yong)三(san)環(huan)唑20g~25g或(huo)(huo)(huo)稻(dao)(dao)瘟靈(ling)32g~40g噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防治(zhi)(zhi)。 3.3.6.4.2 稻(dao)(dao)紋(wen)枯病(bing)(bing) 水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)分蘗(bo)至孕(yun)穗(sui)期(qi)、抽穗(sui)期(qi),當(dang)分蘗(bo)期(qi)叢(cong)發(fa)(fa)病(bing)(bing)率(lv)在(zai)(zai)15%~20%、孕(yun)穗(sui)期(qi)30%以(yi)上(shang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667 m2用(yong)(yong)(yong)井崗霉素10g~ 12.5g或(huo)(huo)(huo)苯甲(jia)(jia)丙(bing)環(huan)唑4.5g~8g加水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)50 kg噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)1次~2次,低(di)(di)于(yu)(yu)此(ci)指標可以(yi)不(bu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)。 3.3.6.4.3 惡苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)病(bing)(bing) 5%咪鮮胺2000~4000倍液(ye)或(huo)(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)10%二硫氰(qing)基(ji)甲(jia)(jia)烷乳油3000~5000倍液(ye),浸種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)48h~72h,瀝干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)后(hou)(hou)催芽播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。 3.3.6.4.4二化螟 稻(dao)(dao)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)枯鞘(qiao)從率(lv)5%~8%,每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667 m2用(yong)(yong)(yong)氯蟲(chong)(chong)苯甲(jia)(jia)酰胺2g~4g或(huo)(huo)(huo)氯蟲(chong)(chong)?噻(sai)蟲(chong)(chong)嗪3.2g~4g或(huo)(huo)(huo)三(san)唑磷(lin)24g兌水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)50kg噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)。 3.3.6.4.5 稻(dao)(dao)飛(fei)虱 百(bai)叢(cong)蟲(chong)(chong)量(liang)(liang)達(da)1 500頭(tou)~2 000頭(tou),每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667 m2用(yong)(yong)(yong)噻(sai)嗪酮7g~10g或(huo)(huo)(huo)吡蚜(ya)酮5g~7.5g兌水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)50kg,針對(dui)稻(dao)(dao)株中(zhong)下部噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)。 3.3.6.4.6稻(dao)(dao)薊(ji)馬(ma) 苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)期(qi)出(chu)現葉(xie)(xie)尖(jian)卷曲(qu)率(lv)在(zai)(zai)10%以(yi)上(shang)、百(bai)株蟲(chong)(chong)量(liang)(liang)300頭(tou)~500頭(tou)以(yi)上(shang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),用(yong)(yong)(yong)吡蟲(chong)(chong)啉(lin)2g~3g或(huo)(huo)(huo)吡蚜(ya)酮5g~7.5g兌水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)50kg噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)。 3.3.6.4.7雜(za)草防治(zhi)(zhi) 種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)(hou)7d~10d,每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667 m2用(yong)(yong)(yong)丁草胺30g或(huo)(huo)(huo)芐嘧磺(huang)隆1.5g~2g兌水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)30kg噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防止秧(yang)田(tian)(tian)雜(za)草。移栽后(hou)(hou)5d~10 d,每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667 m2用(yong)(yong)(yong)吡嘧磺(huang)隆6.25g或(huo)(huo)(huo)田(tian)(tian)草光(guang)(芐嘧磺(huang)隆與丁草胺復配劑)25g~30g拌化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)或(huo)(huo)(huo)細(xi)泥土(tu)(tu)(tu)30kg撒施(shi)(shi)(shi)防治(zhi)(zhi)。 3.4 收(shou)(shou)獲(huo)、運輸(shu)(shu)、貯藏 當(dang)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)穗(sui)谷(gu)粒穎(ying)殼95%以(yi)上(shang)變(bian)黃(huang)或(huo)(huo)(huo)95%以(yi)上(shang)粒小(xiao)穗(sui)軸及(ji)(ji)副護(hu)穎(ying)變(bian)黃(huang),米(mi)粒定(ding)于(yu)(yu)變(bian)硬,呈透明狀時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)收(shou)(shou)。收(shou)(shou)后(hou)(hou)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)場(chang)內晾曬和大(da)型烘(hong)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)機(ji)(ji)烘(hong)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)相結合(he),運輸(shu)(shu)工(gong)具(ju)應(ying)清(qing)潔(jie)、干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)燥、有(you)(you)(you)防雨(yu)設施(shi)(shi)(shi)。嚴禁與有(you)(you)(you)毒、有(you)(you)(you)害(hai)(hai)(hai)、有(you)(you)(you)腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)性(xing)(xing)、有(you)(you)(you)異味(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)混運。貯藏設施(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)清(qing)潔(jie)、干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)燥、通風、無(wu)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)和鼠害(hai)(hai)(hai)。嚴禁與有(you)(you)(you)毒、有(you)(you)(you)害(hai)(hai)(hai)、有(you)(you)(you)腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)性(xing)(xing)、易發(fa)(fa)霉、發(fa)(fa)潮(chao)、有(you)(you)(you)異味(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)混存。 3.5生(sheng)產檔案記錄 要(yao)(yao)(yao)建立田(tian)(tian)間(jian)技術檔案,對(dui)整(zheng)個生(sheng)產過程(cheng)全(quan)面記載,并妥(tuo)善保(bao)存,以(yi)備查閱(yue)。
六.包裝標識相關規定
5.1分(fen)級 “曹(cao)鎮大(da)米(mi)(mi)”分(fen)級嚴(yan)格按照《大(da)米(mi)(mi)》(GB 1354-2009)執行。 5.2 包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)標(biao)(biao)識 包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)主(zhu)要(yao)采用袋式或箱(xiang)式包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang),包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)材料(liao)必(bi)須符(fu)合國家強制性技術規(gui)范(fan)要(yao)求(qiu)。產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)有(you)(you)明確(que)標(biao)(biao)簽,內容包(bao)括: 產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)名稱(cheng)、商標(biao)(biao)、產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)執行標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)、生產(chan)者及詳細地址、凈含量及包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)日期,字(zi)跡清晰、完整、準(zhun)確(que)。 5.3 標(biao)(biao)識 “曹(cao)鎮大(da)米(mi)(mi)”劃定(ding)(ding)的(de)地域保護范(fan)圍(wei)內的(de)大(da)米(mi)(mi)生產(chan)經營(ying)者,在產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)或包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)上(shang)使用已獲(huo)登記保護的(de)“曹(cao)鎮大(da)米(mi)(mi)”農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地理標(biao)(biao)志,須向“曹(cao)鎮大(da)米(mi)(mi)”登記證書持有(you)(you)人(ren)提出(chu)申請,并按照相(xiang)關要(yao)求(qiu)規(gui)范(fan)使用標(biao)(biao)志,在其產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)上(shang)統一使用”曹(cao)鎮大(da)米(mi)(mi)”和(he)農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地理標(biao)(biao)志公共標(biao)(biao)識相(xiang)結合的(de)標(biao)(biao)識標(biao)(biao)注(zhu)方法。 5.4 貯藏(zang)(zang) 在避光、常溫、干(gan)燥(zao)和(he)有(you)(you)防(fang)(fang)潮設施(shi)的(de)地方貯藏(zang)(zang)。貯藏(zang)(zang)設施(shi)應清潔、干(gan)燥(zao)、通風,無(wu)(wu)蟲害(hai)和(he)鼠害(hai)。嚴(yan)禁與有(you)(you)毒(du)、有(you)(you)害(hai)、有(you)(you)腐(fu)蝕性、易發(fa)霉、發(fa)潮、有(you)(you)異(yi)味(wei)的(de)物(wu)品(pin)(pin)(pin)混(hun)(hun)存(cun)。若進(jin)行倉庫消毒(du)、熏蒸處(chu)理所用藥劑應符(fu)合國家有(you)(you)關食品(pin)(pin)(pin)衛(wei)生安全的(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)。 5.5 運(yun)輸 運(yun)輸工(gong)具(ju)應清潔、干(gan)燥(zao)、衛(wei)生、無(wu)(wu)異(yi)味(wei)、無(wu)(wu)污染,運(yun)輸過(guo)程中應防(fang)(fang)止日曬、雨淋,通風散(san)熱工(gong)作,嚴(yan)禁與有(you)(you)毒(du)、有(you)(you)害(hai)、有(you)(you)異(yi)味(wei)、易污染的(de)物(wu)品(pin)(pin)(pin)混(hun)(hun)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、混(hun)(hun)運(yun)。