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黑龍(long)江白樺川濕(shi)地公(gong)園(yuan)位于(yu)黑龍(long)江省(sheng)寧安市(shi)沙(sha)蘭(lan)鎮北(bei)(bei)部(bu)，屬長白山(shan)系，處在張廣(guang)才嶺和(he)老爺嶺之間的牡丹江上游谷(gu)地，東臨(lin)三陵鄉和(he)渤海鎮，南與吉林(lin)省(sheng)毗鄰(lin)，西部(bu)和(he)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)與海林(lin)鎮相接。地理(li)坐標為：東經128°39′01″～128°48′15″，北(bei)(bei)緯44°12′04″～44°19′54″，南北(bei)(bei)距14.5 km，東西距12.2 km，總面積(ji)8571hm2。

濕(shi)地公(gong)園地處溫(wen)帶(dai)大陸性季(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)氣(qi)候(hou)區，四季(ji)(ji)氣(qi)候(hou)變化明顯。主要表現為春季(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)大干旱，夏(xia)季(ji)(ji)溫(wen)濕(shi)多雨(yu)，秋季(ji)(ji)多風(feng)(feng)干燥(zao)，冬季(ji)(ji)寒冷而(er)漫長。年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)溫(wen)在(zai)2.5°C左右(you)，年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均降水(shui)量在(zai)650毫(hao)米左右(you)，主要集中在(zai)7至8月份，無霜期90至100天。

公園(yuan)內主要(yao)河(he)流有哈拉河(he)和(he)蛤蟆(ma)塘河(he)兩條河(he)流，他(ta)們(men)均流入鏡泊湖(hu)，是鏡泊湖(hu)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)水源地，該濕地公園(yuan)的(de)(de)建設和(he)發展(zhan)對于維(wei)護鏡泊湖(hu)的(de)(de)涵養水源及區域經濟發展(zhan)將發揮重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)經濟價(jia)值和(he)社會價(jia)值。

公園內分布有(you)(you)大面(mian)積的濕地(di)生態系統，主(zhu)要有(you)(you)河流濕地(di)、湖泊(bo)濕地(di)、沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)濕地(di)和草(cao)(cao)塘（水生植物群(qun)落）等，沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)濕地(di)又可分為森林沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)、灌(guan)叢沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)和草(cao)(cao)本沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)，如長(chang)白(bai)落葉(xie)(xie)松沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)、長(chang)白(bai)落葉(xie)(xie)松-白(bai)樺(hua)沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)、白(bai)樺(hua)沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)、白(bai)樺(hua)-柳(liu)(liu)葉(xie)(xie)繡線菊沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)等森林沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)；柳(liu)(liu)葉(xie)(xie)繡線菊-苔(tai)草(cao)(cao)沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)、柳(liu)(liu)叢沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)、蒿柳(liu)(liu)-苔(tai)草(cao)(cao)沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)等灌(guan)叢沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)；修氏苔(tai)草(cao)(cao)沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)、蘆葦沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)、蘆葦-香蒲沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)、小葉(xie)(xie)章(zhang)沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)、漂筏苔(tai)草(cao)(cao)沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)等草(cao)(cao)本沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)，濕地(di)類型豐富，分布廣(guang)，面(mian)積大，幾乎囊括(kuo)了我國北(bei)方林區的所(suo)有(you)(you)沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)類型，有(you)(you)著廣(guang)泛的代表性(xing)，具有(you)(you)我國溫帶濕地(di)的典型特征(zheng)。

濕地公園內分(fen)(fen)布有(you)野(ye)生植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)123科350屬(shu)(shu)605種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中蘚(xian)類24科47屬(shu)(shu)66種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，蕨(jue)類16科29屬(shu)(shu)46種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)83科274屬(shu)(shu)493種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其中，國家(jia)(jia)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)：紅松、黃檗、紫(zi)椴、烏蘇里狐(hu)尾藻、水曲柳、浮葉慈菇和(he)野(ye)大豆。豐富的植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多樣(yang)性為眾(zhong)多野(ye)生動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)提供(gong)了良好的棲息環境，據調查公園內共分(fen)(fen)布有(you)脊椎動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)33目(mu)86科379種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其中，獸(shou)類6目(mu)15科49種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；魚類有(you)5目(mu)11科52種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；兩棲類有(you)2目(mu)6科11種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；爬(pa)行類共有(you)3目(mu)4科12種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；鳥類17目(mu)50科255種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。分(fen)(fen)布有(you)國家(jia)(jia)Ⅰ級保(bao)護(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，即紫(zi)貂 、東方白(bai)鸛、丹頂鶴等；分(fen)(fen)布有(you)國家(jia)(jia)Ⅱ級保(bao)護(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)43種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，如(ru)棕熊(xiong)(xiong)、黑(hei)熊(xiong)(xiong)、水獺、猞(she)猁、馬鹿、鴛鴦、花尾榛雞等，充(chong)分(fen)(fen)顯示出該濕地公園的物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)多樣(yang)性。

根據國家濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)功(gong)能(neng)區(qu)劃的(de)(de)理(li)論與原則，結合(he)白樺川濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)資源分(fen)(fen)布特(te)點及(ji)將該公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)劃分(fen)(fen)為五大功(gong)能(neng)區(qu)，即濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)育區(qu)、合(he)理(li)利(li)用(yong)區(qu)、宣教展示區(qu)、恢(hui)復(fu)重(zhong)建區(qu)和(he)(he)管理(li)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)區(qu)。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)育區(qu)分(fen)(fen)布在公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內的(de)(de)廣大區(qu)域，占地(di)(di)(di)(di)面積(ji)7468.88公(gong)頃(qing)，主(zhu)要分(fen)(fen)布著大面積(ji)原生(sheng)性的(de)(de)沼澤濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)和(he)(he)森(sen)林生(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)統，也是重(zhong)要的(de)(de)野生(sheng)動(dong)物棲息(xi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)及(ji)候鳥繁(fan)殖停(ting)歇地(di)(di)(di)(di)。合(he)理(li)利(li)用(yong)區(qu)位(wei)于(yu)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)中(zhong)部，占地(di)(di)(di)(di)面積(ji)611.49公(gong)頃(qing)，包(bao)括(kuo)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)景觀游覽、森(sen)林人家、伐(fa)木(mu)場(chang)、熔(rong)巖浴場(chang)、火(huo)山口(kou)、暖泉和(he)(he)響泉、森(sen)林探險和(he)(he)狩獵(lie)場(chang)等(deng)。宣教展示區(qu)位(wei)于(yu)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)中(zhong)部，占地(di)(di)(di)(di)面積(ji)為223.33公(gong)頃(qing)，包(bao)括(kuo)標本館(guan)、濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)植(zhi)物園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)鳥類觀賞園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)知識宣傳(chuan)館(guan)，充分(fen)(fen)利(li)用(yong)現有的(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)資源和(he)(he)地(di)(di)(di)(di)形地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌條(tiao)件，以濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)動(dong)植(zhi)物活體(ti)或標本和(he)(he)圖片為載體(ti)向(xiang)公(gong)眾展示濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)科(ke)學(xue)內涵；恢(hui)復(fu)重(zhong)建區(qu)位(wei)于(yu)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)南部，占地(di)(di)(di)(di)面積(ji)200.87公(gong)頃(qing)，將公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內退化的(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、林地(di)(di)(di)(di)或廢棄農田進行恢(hui)復(fu)，使其生(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)統恢(hui)復(fu)到初始狀態(tai)，提高(gao)生(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)統功(gong)能(neng)。管理(li)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)區(qu)占地(di)(di)(di)(di)36.85公(gong)頃(qing)，包(bao)括(kuo)管理(li)中(zhong)心(xin)、游客接(jie)待中(zhong)心(xin)和(he)(he)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)點等(deng)，建成后(hou)將成為集濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)管理(li)、職工教育及(ji)對外服(fu)(fu)務(wu)于(yu)一體(ti)的(de)(de)綜合(he)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)區(qu)。

東北林(lin)業(ye)大(da)學(xue)(xue)、黑(hei)龍江省(sheng)林(lin)業(ye)設計研究院組成(cheng)(cheng)生態學(xue)(xue)、植物(wu)學(xue)(xue)、土壤學(xue)(xue)、動物(wu)學(xue)(xue)、林(lin)學(xue)(xue)、地(di)理信息系統等多學(xue)(xue)科(ke)的(de)專家科(ke)考(kao)小組，先后對白樺川濕地(di)公(gong)園(yuan)的(de)自然概(gai)況(kuang)、動植物(wu)資(zi)源以及社(she)會經濟狀況(kuang)等進行了綜合(he)考(kao)察。并在(zai)大(da)量的(de)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)考(kao)察的(de)基礎上，完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)了《黑(hei)龍江白樺川國家濕地(di)公(gong)園(yuan)總體規劃》，為白樺川濕地(di)公(gong)園(yuan)的(de)建(jian)設和發展(zhan)提供了科(ke)學(xue)(xue)依據。

公園(yuan)內(nei)植物種類繁(fan)多(duo)，植被類型(xing)(xing)多(duo)樣(yang)，生境各(ge)異，自(zi)然景觀獨特(te)，不僅(jin)分布有森林(lin)、沼澤(ze)、草甸(dian)、水域及草塘(tang)等生態系統類型(xing)(xing)，而且(qie)還(huan)分布有五千年前火(huo)山(shan)噴(pen)發后形成的(de)(de)(de)熔(rong)巖(yan)臺(tai)地(di)(di)(di)景觀，如火(huo)山(shan)口、熔(rong)巖(yan)臺(tai)地(di)(di)(di)、熔(rong)巖(yan)浴(yu)場等，特(te)殊(shu)的(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)、特(te)殊(shu)的(de)(de)(de)顏色(se)、特(te)殊(shu)的(de)(de)(de)景觀，都會給(gei)游客帶來(lai)無窮的(de)(de)(de)想象和好(hao)奇。因此，為了更好(hao)地(di)(di)(di)保(bao)護這片(pian)原(yuan)生性沼澤(ze)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)生態系統，提高人們保(bao)護生態環境及回歸自(zi)然的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)趣(qu)，建(jian)立白(bai)樺(hua)川國家(jia)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公園(yuan)將(jiang)具有重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)現實意(yi)義和歷史(shi)意(yi)義。