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黑(hei)龍(long)(long)江(jiang)白(bai)樺川濕地公園位(wei)于黑(hei)龍(long)(long)江(jiang)省寧安(an)市沙蘭(lan)鎮(zhen)北(bei)部，屬長白(bai)山(shan)系，處在張廣(guang)才嶺(ling)和(he)老(lao)爺嶺(ling)之(zhi)間的牡丹江(jiang)上游谷地，東臨(lin)三陵鄉和(he)渤海鎮(zhen)，南與吉林(lin)省毗鄰，西(xi)(xi)部和(he)北(bei)部與海林(lin)鎮(zhen)相接。地理坐標(biao)為：東經128°39′01″～128°48′15″，北(bei)緯44°12′04″～44°19′54″，南北(bei)距14.5 km，東西(xi)(xi)距12.2 km，總面積(ji)8571hm2。

濕地公園地處溫帶大(da)陸(lu)性季(ji)(ji)風氣(qi)(qi)候區，四季(ji)(ji)氣(qi)(qi)候變化明顯。主要表現(xian)為(wei)春季(ji)(ji)風大(da)干旱，夏季(ji)(ji)溫濕多雨(yu)，秋季(ji)(ji)多風干燥，冬季(ji)(ji)寒冷而漫長。年平均氣(qi)(qi)溫在(zai)2.5°C左(zuo)右，年平均降水量在(zai)650毫米左(zuo)右，主要集中(zhong)在(zai)7至8月(yue)份(fen)，無(wu)霜期90至100天。

公園內主要(yao)(yao)河(he)流(liu)有(you)哈拉河(he)和蛤蟆(ma)塘河(he)兩條河(he)流(liu)，他(ta)們均流(liu)入鏡泊湖，是鏡泊湖的重要(yao)(yao)水源(yuan)地，該濕地公園的建設和發展(zhan)對于維護鏡泊湖的涵養水源(yuan)及區(qu)域經濟發展(zhan)將發揮重要(yao)(yao)的經濟價(jia)(jia)值和社會價(jia)(jia)值。

公(gong)園內分(fen)布有大面積(ji)的(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)生(sheng)態系統，主要(yao)有河流濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)、湖泊濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)、沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)和草(cao)塘（水生(sheng)植(zhi)物群落(luo)）等(deng)，沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)又可(ke)分(fen)為(wei)森林沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)、灌(guan)叢沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)和草(cao)本沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)，如長(chang)白落(luo)葉松沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)、長(chang)白落(luo)葉松-白樺沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)、白樺沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)、白樺-柳(liu)葉繡線菊沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)等(deng)森林沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)；柳(liu)葉繡線菊-苔(tai)草(cao)沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)、柳(liu)叢沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)、蒿柳(liu)-苔(tai)草(cao)沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)等(deng)灌(guan)叢沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)；修氏苔(tai)草(cao)沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)、蘆(lu)葦(wei)沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)、蘆(lu)葦(wei)-香蒲沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)、小葉章沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)、漂筏苔(tai)草(cao)沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)等(deng)草(cao)本沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)，濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)類型(xing)豐富，分(fen)布廣，面積(ji)大，幾乎囊括了我國(guo)北(bei)方林區的(de)(de)所有沼(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)澤(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)類型(xing)，有著廣泛(fan)的(de)(de)代表性，具(ju)有我國(guo)溫帶濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)典型(xing)特(te)征。

濕地公園內分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)有野生(sheng)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)123科(ke)(ke)(ke)350屬605種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)蘚類(lei)(lei)(lei)24科(ke)(ke)(ke)47屬66種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，蕨類(lei)(lei)(lei)16科(ke)(ke)(ke)29屬46種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)83科(ke)(ke)(ke)274屬493種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其中(zhong)，國家(jia)保(bao)護植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)：紅松(song)、黃檗(bo)、紫椴、烏蘇(su)里狐尾(wei)藻、水(shui)曲柳、浮葉慈(ci)菇和(he)野大豆。豐富的(de)(de)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)樣性為眾多(duo)野生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)提供了良(liang)好的(de)(de)棲(qi)息環境，據調查公園內共分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)有脊椎動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)33目(mu)86科(ke)(ke)(ke)379種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其中(zhong)，獸類(lei)(lei)(lei)6目(mu)15科(ke)(ke)(ke)49種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；魚(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)有5目(mu)11科(ke)(ke)(ke)52種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；兩(liang)棲(qi)類(lei)(lei)(lei)有2目(mu)6科(ke)(ke)(ke)11種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；爬(pa)行類(lei)(lei)(lei)共有3目(mu)4科(ke)(ke)(ke)12種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；鳥類(lei)(lei)(lei)17目(mu)50科(ke)(ke)(ke)255種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)有國家(jia)Ⅰ級(ji)保(bao)護動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，即紫貂 、東方(fang)白鸛、丹頂鶴等(deng)(deng)；分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)有國家(jia)Ⅱ級(ji)保(bao)護動(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)43種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，如(ru)棕(zong)熊(xiong)(xiong)、黑(hei)熊(xiong)(xiong)、水(shui)獺(ta)、猞猁(li)、馬(ma)鹿(lu)、鴛鴦、花尾(wei)榛雞等(deng)(deng)，充(chong)分(fen)(fen)顯示出該濕地公園的(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)多(duo)樣性。

根據(ju)國(guo)家(jia)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)功(gong)能區(qu)(qu)劃(hua)的(de)(de)理(li)論與原則(ze)，結(jie)合(he)白樺川濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)資(zi)源分(fen)布(bu)特點及(ji)將(jiang)該公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)劃(hua)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)五大(da)功(gong)能區(qu)(qu)，即濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)保育區(qu)(qu)、合(he)理(li)利(li)用區(qu)(qu)、宣(xuan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)展示區(qu)(qu)、恢復(fu)(fu)重(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)區(qu)(qu)和(he)管(guan)(guan)理(li)服務區(qu)(qu)。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)保育區(qu)(qu)分(fen)布(bu)在公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)內(nei)的(de)(de)廣大(da)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)，占地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)積7468.88公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)，主要(yao)分(fen)布(bu)著(zhu)大(da)面(mian)積原生(sheng)(sheng)性的(de)(de)沼澤濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)和(he)森林生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)統(tong)，也是重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)野生(sheng)(sheng)動物棲(qi)息地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)及(ji)候鳥繁殖停(ting)歇地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。合(he)理(li)利(li)用區(qu)(qu)位(wei)(wei)于公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)的(de)(de)中部，占地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)積611.49公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)，包括(kuo)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)景觀游(you)覽、森林人家(jia)、伐木(mu)場(chang)、熔(rong)巖(yan)浴(yu)場(chang)、火山(shan)口、暖泉(quan)和(he)響泉(quan)、森林探(tan)險和(he)狩(shou)獵場(chang)等。宣(xuan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)展示區(qu)(qu)位(wei)(wei)于公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)中部，占地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)積為(wei)(wei)223.33公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)，包括(kuo)標(biao)本館、濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)植物園(yuan)、濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)鳥類(lei)觀賞園(yuan)和(he)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)知識宣(xuan)傳館，充分(fen)利(li)用現有(you)的(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)資(zi)源和(he)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌條件，以(yi)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)動植物活體(ti)或(huo)標(biao)本和(he)圖片(pian)為(wei)(wei)載體(ti)向公(gong)(gong)(gong)眾(zhong)展示濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)科學內(nei)涵；恢復(fu)(fu)重(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)區(qu)(qu)位(wei)(wei)于公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)南(nan)部，占地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)積200.87公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)，將(jiang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)內(nei)退化的(de)(de)濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、林地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)或(huo)廢棄農田進行(xing)恢復(fu)(fu)，使其生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)統(tong)恢復(fu)(fu)到初始狀態(tai)，提(ti)高生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)統(tong)功(gong)能。管(guan)(guan)理(li)服務區(qu)(qu)占地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)36.85公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)，包括(kuo)管(guan)(guan)理(li)中心(xin)、游(you)客接待中心(xin)和(he)服務點等，建(jian)成后(hou)將(jiang)成為(wei)(wei)集濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)、職(zhi)工教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育及(ji)對外(wai)服務于一(yi)體(ti)的(de)(de)綜合(he)服務區(qu)(qu)。

東北林業大學(xue)、黑龍(long)江省林業設計研究院組(zu)成(cheng)生態(tai)學(xue)、植物學(xue)、土壤(rang)學(xue)、動物學(xue)、林學(xue)、地理(li)信息系統(tong)等(deng)(deng)多學(xue)科的專(zhuan)家科考小組(zu)，先后對白樺川濕(shi)地公園(yuan)的自然概況、動植物資源以及(ji)社會經濟狀況等(deng)(deng)進(jin)行(xing)了(le)綜合考察。并在大量的科學(xue)考察的基礎上，完成(cheng)了(le)《黑龍(long)江白樺川國家濕(shi)地公園(yuan)總(zong)體規劃》，為白樺川濕(shi)地公園(yuan)的建設和發(fa)展(zhan)提(ti)供了(le)科學(xue)依據。

公園內植物種類繁多(duo)，植被(bei)類型多(duo)樣，生境各異(yi)，自然(ran)景(jing)觀獨特，不僅分(fen)布(bu)有森林、沼澤、草甸、水(shui)域及(ji)草塘等(deng)生態(tai)(tai)系統(tong)類型，而且還分(fen)布(bu)有五千年前火(huo)山噴發后形成(cheng)的(de)熔巖臺地(di)(di)景(jing)觀，如火(huo)山口、熔巖臺地(di)(di)、熔巖浴場(chang)等(deng)，特殊(shu)的(de)歷(li)(li)史、特殊(shu)的(de)顏色、特殊(shu)的(de)景(jing)觀，都(dou)會給游(you)客(ke)帶(dai)來無窮(qiong)的(de)想象和好奇(qi)。因此，為了更好地(di)(di)保(bao)護(hu)這片原(yuan)生性沼澤濕地(di)(di)生態(tai)(tai)系統(tong)，提高(gao)人(ren)們保(bao)護(hu)生態(tai)(tai)環境及(ji)回歸(gui)自然(ran)的(de)情趣，建立白樺川國(guo)家濕地(di)(di)公園將(jiang)具(ju)有重要的(de)現實意義和歷(li)(li)史意義。