蔥燒(shao)海參(can)是一道(dao)魯菜(cai)經典,以水發海參(can)和大(da)蔥為主料,想要(yao)做好(hao)這道(dao)菜(cai)并不(bu)簡單,其中發海參(can)成(cheng)為關(guan)鍵。海參(can)雖然是天生補品,但是卻天性(xing)濃(nong)(nong)重,大(da)蔥恰(qia)好(hao)可以去除葷(hun)、腥、膻等異味,兩(liang)者完美搭配(pei),可以達到“以濃(nong)(nong)攻濃(nong)(nong)”的效果(guo)(guo),以濃(nong)(nong)汁(zhi)、濃(nong)(nong)味入其里,濃(nong)(nong)色表其外,達到色香(xiang)味形(xing)四美俱全的效果(guo)(guo)。
蔥燒海(hai)參以水發(fa)海(hai)參和大蔥為主料,海(hai)參清鮮(xian),柔軟香(xiang)(xiang)滑,蔥段香(xiang)(xiang)濃,蔥香(xiang)(xiang)味醇,營養(yang)豐富,食后無余汁。
海參(can)同(tong)人(ren)參(can)、燕窩(wo)、魚翅齊名(ming),是世界八大珍品之一。海參(can)不僅是珍貴的食品,也是名(ming)貴的藥材(cai)。據《本(ben)草綱(gang)目拾遺》中記載:海參(can),味甘(gan)咸(xian),補腎,益(yi)精髓,攝(she)小(xiao)便,壯陽療痿,其性(xing)溫補,足敵人(ren)參(can),故名(ming)海參(can)。現代研(yan)究表明,海參(can)具有(you)提(ti)高記憶力、延緩性(xing)腺衰老(lao),防止動脈硬化(hua)、糖尿病以及抗(kang)腫瘤等作(zuo)用(yong)。
海(hai)(hai)(hai)參(can)(can)(can)可分為刺參(can)(can)(can)、烏參(can)(can)(can)、光參(can)(can)(can)和梅花參(can)(can)(can)等(deng)多種,山東沿海(hai)(hai)(hai)所產(chan)的(de)刺參(can)(can)(can)為海(hai)(hai)(hai)參(can)(can)(can)上品。海(hai)(hai)(hai)參(can)(can)(can)之所以(yi)名貴(gui),還另有一個(ge)原因(yin),就是海(hai)(hai)(hai)參(can)(can)(can)生于(yu)淺海(hai)(hai)(hai)礁石的(de)沙泥海(hai)(hai)(hai)底,喜在(zai)海(hai)(hai)(hai)草繁茂的(de)地方(fang)生長,在(zai)采撈(lao)時需(xu)人工潛水逐個(ge)捕撈(lao),費(fei)力而且得之很少(shao),故物以(yi)稀為貴(gui)。
烹(peng)制蔥(cong)燒海參時,先將海參解凍(dong)后(hou)洗凈,然(ran)后(hou)切條焯水,在鍋內放少(shao)量(liang)油,燒熱后(hou)加入蔥(cong)段,爆香后(hou)將蔥(cong)段裝起(qi)備用。原鍋中加入海參,再(zai)加入適量(liang)鹽、料酒、蠔(hao)油、生抽、冰(bing)糖、上湯(tang),然(ran)后(hou)蓋(gai)上鍋蓋(gai)燜至汁收,加入之前爆香的(de)蔥(cong)段,翻炒后(hou)埋入稀芡(qian)即可。燒出海參色暗汁寬,味(wei)薄寡淡(dan),讓人(ren)食(shi)(shi)之不(bu)忘。袁枚(mei)《隨園(yuan)食(shi)(shi)單》載有(you):“海參無(wu)為之物,沙多氣腥,最難討好(hao),然(ran)天性濃(nong)(nong)重,斷(duan)不(bu)可以清湯(tang)煨(wei)也。”有(you)鑒于此,北京豐澤園(yuan)飯莊老一代名廚(chu)王世(shi)珍率先進行了(le)改革(ge)。他針(zhen)對海參天性濃(nong)(nong)重的(de)特點,采取了(le)“以濃(nong)(nong)攻濃(nong)(nong)”的(de)做法,以濃(nong)(nong)汁、濃(nong)(nong)味(wei)入其里,濃(nong)(nong)色表其外,達到色香味(wei)形四美(mei)俱全的(de)效(xiao)果。