蔥燒海(hai)(hai)參(can)是一道魯菜經典,以水發(fa)海(hai)(hai)參(can)和大蔥為主料,想要做好(hao)(hao)這(zhe)道菜并不簡單,其中發(fa)海(hai)(hai)參(can)成為關鍵(jian)。海(hai)(hai)參(can)雖然(ran)是天(tian)(tian)生補(bu)品,但是卻天(tian)(tian)性濃重,大蔥恰好(hao)(hao)可以去除(chu)葷、腥(xing)、膻等異味(wei),兩者完美(mei)搭配,可以達到(dao)“以濃攻濃”的(de)效(xiao)果(guo),以濃汁、濃味(wei)入其里,濃色(se)表其外,達到(dao)色(se)香味(wei)形四(si)美(mei)俱全的(de)效(xiao)果(guo)。
蔥燒海(hai)參以(yi)水(shui)發(fa)海(hai)參和大(da)蔥為主料(liao),海(hai)參清鮮(xian),柔(rou)軟香滑,蔥段香濃(nong),蔥香味醇(chun),營養豐(feng)富,食(shi)后無余汁。
海參(can)同人參(can)、燕窩(wo)、魚翅齊(qi)名,是(shi)(shi)世界八大珍品(pin)之一。海參(can)不僅是(shi)(shi)珍貴的食品(pin),也是(shi)(shi)名貴的藥材(cai)。據《本草(cao)綱目拾遺》中記載:海參(can),味甘咸,補腎,益精髓,攝小便,壯陽療(liao)痿,其性溫補,足敵人參(can),故名海參(can)。現代(dai)研(yan)究表(biao)明,海參(can)具有提(ti)高記憶力、延緩(huan)性腺衰老,防止動脈硬化(hua)、糖尿病以(yi)及抗腫(zhong)瘤等作用。
海(hai)參(can)(can)(can)(can)可分為刺參(can)(can)(can)(can)、烏參(can)(can)(can)(can)、光參(can)(can)(can)(can)和梅花(hua)參(can)(can)(can)(can)等多種(zhong),山東沿海(hai)所(suo)產的刺參(can)(can)(can)(can)為海(hai)參(can)(can)(can)(can)上品(pin)。海(hai)參(can)(can)(can)(can)之所(suo)以(yi)名貴,還(huan)另有(you)一個(ge)原因,就是(shi)海(hai)參(can)(can)(can)(can)生(sheng)于淺海(hai)礁石(shi)的沙泥(ni)海(hai)底,喜在(zai)海(hai)草繁茂(mao)的地方生(sheng)長,在(zai)采撈(lao)時需人工(gong)潛(qian)水逐個(ge)捕撈(lao),費力而且得之很少,故物(wu)以(yi)稀(xi)為貴。
烹制蔥(cong)(cong)燒海(hai)(hai)參(can)(can)時,先將(jiang)海(hai)(hai)參(can)(can)解(jie)凍后(hou)洗(xi)凈,然后(hou)切條焯(zhuo)水,在鍋內放少量油,燒熱(re)后(hou)加(jia)入(ru)蔥(cong)(cong)段(duan),爆香后(hou)將(jiang)蔥(cong)(cong)段(duan)裝起備用。原鍋中加(jia)入(ru)海(hai)(hai)參(can)(can),再加(jia)入(ru)適量鹽、料酒、蠔(hao)油、生抽、冰糖、上湯(tang),然后(hou)蓋上鍋蓋燜至汁(zhi)收,加(jia)入(ru)之前(qian)爆香的(de)蔥(cong)(cong)段(duan),翻炒后(hou)埋(mai)入(ru)稀芡即可(ke)(ke)。燒出海(hai)(hai)參(can)(can)色(se)暗汁(zhi)寬(kuan),味薄寡(gua)淡,讓人食(shi)(shi)之不忘。袁枚(mei)《隨園食(shi)(shi)單》載有:“海(hai)(hai)參(can)(can)無為之物,沙多(duo)氣腥,最難討好,然天性(xing)濃(nong)(nong)(nong)重,斷不可(ke)(ke)以(yi)清(qing)湯(tang)煨也。”有鑒于此(ci),北京(jing)豐澤園飯(fan)莊老一代名廚王世珍率先進行了(le)改革(ge)。他針對海(hai)(hai)參(can)(can)天性(xing)濃(nong)(nong)(nong)重的(de)特點,采取了(le)“以(yi)濃(nong)(nong)(nong)攻濃(nong)(nong)(nong)”的(de)做法(fa),以(yi)濃(nong)(nong)(nong)汁(zhi)、濃(nong)(nong)(nong)味入(ru)其里(li),濃(nong)(nong)(nong)色(se)表其外,達到色(se)香味形四美俱全(quan)的(de)效果(guo)。