【質(zhi)量特(te)色(se)】果實肉色(se)青(qing)中帶白(bai),肉質(zhi)爽甜汁多,香(xiang)氣濃郁,風味獨特(te),口感(gan)特(te)佳
【地(di)(di)(di)標地(di)(di)(di)理】雪梨瓜(gua)(gua)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)種喜(xi)溫(wen)(wen)耐熱的(de)作物,生(sheng)長適溫(wen)(wen)為(wei)20~30℃,一(yi)(yi)般在30℃以(yi)上、35℃以(yi)下也能很好地(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)長結果(guo)(guo),生(sheng)長溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)最(zui)高可達45~50℃,低(di)(di)(di)于13℃時(shi),植(zhi)株的(de)生(sheng)長才受到(dao)抑制,5℃時(shi)發生(sheng)凍害。苗(miao)期莖葉的(de)生(sheng)長對低(di)(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)有一(yi)(yi)定的(de)的(de)適應(ying)性,果(guo)(guo)實發育(yu)(yu)成(cheng)熟期要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求有較高的(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du),對晝夜溫(wen)(wen)差要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求不(bu)太(tai)嚴格。植(zhi)株正常生(sheng)長發育(yu)(yu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求每(mei)天10~12小時(shi)日照。生(sheng)長期間需(xu)水(shui)(shui)量大(da),耐濕性較強(qiang),但不(bu)耐澇。果(guo)(guo)實成(cheng)熟期內要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求較低(di)(di)(di)的(de)空氣(qi)濕度(du)(du),相對濕度(du)(du)低(di)(di)(di)時(shi),果(guo)(guo)實的(de)品質(zhi)也好。種植(zhi)的(de)土壤要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求透氣(qi)疏水(shui)(shui)。土壤pH值以(yi)6~6.8為(wei)宜,但對酸堿度(du)(du)的(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求不(bu)十分(fen)嚴格。樂(le)(le)平(ping)(ping)鎮(zhen)有充足的(de)陽光(guang)、較高年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)、優質(zhi)的(de)水(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)和(he)擁(yong)有大(da)片的(de)沖積沙土、河灘(tan)地(di)(di)(di)和(he)丘陵(ling)(ling)地(di)(di)(di),土壤疏松(song)透氣(qi)。2~11月(yue)份(fen)(fen)無(wu)論是(shi)(shi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)、光(guang)照和(he)水(shui)(shui)分(fen)的(de)供(gong)(gong)應(ying),都(dou)完(wan)全符(fu)合香(xiang)瓜(gua)(gua)生(sheng)長所(suo)(suo)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)條件(jian),所(suo)(suo)以(yi)樂(le)(le)平(ping)(ping)雪梨瓜(gua)(gua)表(biao)現出非常好的(de)品質(zhi)風(feng)(feng)味(wei)。樂(le)(le)平(ping)(ping)鎮(zhen)有充足的(de)陽光(guang)、較高年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)、優質(zhi)的(de)水(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)和(he)擁(yong)有大(da)片的(de)沖積沙土、河灘(tan)地(di)(di)(di)和(he)丘陵(ling)(ling)地(di)(di)(di),土壤疏松(song)透氣(qi)。2~11月(yue)份(fen)(fen)無(wu)論是(shi)(shi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)、光(guang)照和(he)水(shui)(shui)分(fen)的(de)供(gong)(gong)應(ying),都(dou)完(wan)全符(fu)合香(xiang)瓜(gua)(gua)生(sheng)長所(suo)(suo)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)條件(jian),所(suo)(suo)以(yi)樂(le)(le)平(ping)(ping)雪梨瓜(gua)(gua)表(biao)現出非常好的(de)品質(zhi)風(feng)(feng)味(wei)。
【文化背景(jing)】 甜(tian)(tian)(tian)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)在我國(guo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)悠久的(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)培(pei)歷史。《詩經》中云:“七(qi)月(yue)(yue)食(shi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)、八月(yue)(yue)斷壺”,“中田有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)廬(lu)、疆場(chang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)”,眾多(duo)(duo)學者認為(wei)(wei)此(ci)“瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)”即(ji)為(wei)(wei)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua),更直接的(de)(de)(de)證據(ju)來(lai)(lai)源是(shi)在距今4000年前的(de)(de)(de)文化遺址(吳(wu)興錢山漾)發(fa)現了甜(tian)(tian)(tian)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)種(zhong)(zhong)子,1972年發(fa)現的(de)(de)(de)湖南長(chang)沙馬王堆一號漢墓中也出(chu)(chu)現了薄皮甜(tian)(tian)(tian)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)的(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)子。甜(tian)(tian)(tian)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)的(de)(de)(de)形狀(zhuang)、皮色(se)多(duo)(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)多(duo)(duo)樣,《王禎(zhen)農書》記載:“瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)品甚多(duo)(duo),不(bu)可枚(mei)舉。以(yi)狀(zhuang)得名則有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)龍肝、虎掌、……。以(yi)色(se)得名則有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)烏瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)、白團、……”。三(san)水(shui)(shui)樂(le)(le)平(ping)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)由來(lai)(lai)已(yi)久,據(ju)民間調查,三(san)水(shui)(shui)樂(le)(le)平(ping)約在明末清(qing)初由中原(yuan)引進甜(tian)(tian)(tian)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)并開始種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)。樂(le)(le)平(ping)民間流傳(chuan)著(zhu)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)梨(li)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)與中國(guo)歷史文化名村(cun)——三(san)水(shui)(shui)大旗頭古村(cun)的(de)(de)(de)一段典故。話說清(qing)朝振威將(jiang)軍鄭金(jin),樂(le)(le)平(ping)人(ren)氏也,因(yin)(yin)其(qi)(qi)母辭世返鄉守孝,慈(ci)禧下旨撥款賜建豪(hao)院(即(ji)現在的(de)(de)(de)大旗頭古村(cun))。豪(hao)院落成慶典之(zhi)日,四方(fang)官員(yuan)、鄉紳皆來(lai)(lai)祝賀(he),鄭金(jin)大排宴席款待。酒過三(san)巡,鄭金(jin)已(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)醉意(yi),此(ci)時一同宗(zong)族人(ren)獻上一瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)為(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)解(jie)酒。瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)開香(xiang)飄滿屋(wu),食(shi)之(zhi)滿口清(qing)涼,甜(tian)(tian)(tian)如蜜汁,頓時酒意(yi)全失(shi),遂問(wen)此(ci)為(wei)(wei)何物?鄉人(ren)答有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)叫(jiao)香(xiang)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua),有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)叫(jiao)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua),也有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)叫(jiao)蜜糖(tang)埕的(de)(de)(de),未有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)統(tong)一稱謂,是(shi)本(ben)地(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)產物。鄭金(jin)稍作思(si)考后說,此(ci)物形似北方(fang)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)梨(li),就(jiu)稱雪(xue)(xue)(xue)梨(li)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)吧。雪(xue)(xue)(xue)梨(li)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)之(zhi)名從此(ci)在本(ben)地(di)(di)(di)叫(jiao)開。據(ju)舊時三(san)水(shui)(shui)縣(xian)志記載:雪(xue)(xue)(xue)梨(li)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)主要集中在樂(le)(le)平(ping)栽(zai)種(zhong)(zhong),一年兩熟,適宜崗地(di)(di)(di)生長(chang)。解(jie)放(fang)前種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面(mian)積已(yi)達數百畝。由于(yu)樂(le)(le)平(ping)鎮的(de)(de)(de)土壤為(wei)(wei)沖積土居多(duo)(duo),疏松透氣,光(guang)照(zhao)充足,氣候溫暖、水(shui)(shui)源豐富,而且(qie)水(shui)(shui)質優良,排灌方(fang)便,是(shi)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)梨(li)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)理想的(de)(de)(de)生長(chang)環境,因(yin)(yin)此(ci)形成了雪(xue)(xue)(xue)梨(li)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)在當地(di)(di)(di)應(ying)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)優良品質特(te)性。過去(qu)由于(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)因(yin)(yin),雪(xue)(xue)(xue)梨(li)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)在當地(di)(di)(di)只是(shi)零星分散地(di)(di)(di)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)。解(jie)放(fang)后,特(te)別是(shi)改革(ge)開放(fang)以(yi)來(lai)(lai),隨著(zhu)三(san)水(shui)(shui)樂(le)(le)平(ping)鎮逐步成為(wei)(wei)廣州(zhou)、佛山、深(shen)圳等大中城(cheng)市的(de)(de)(de)蔬果供應(ying)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di),樂(le)(le)平(ping)鎮的(de)(de)(de)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)梨(li)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)生產才(cai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)了發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)機會(hui),并以(yi)其(qi)(qi)出(chu)(chu)眾的(de)(de)(de)品質使“樂(le)(le)平(ping)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)梨(li)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)”的(de)(de)(de)稱謂不(bu)脛而走。
【品牌建(jian)設(she)】為(wei)了(le)(le)促進(jin)和(he)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)樂(le)平(ping)(ping)鎮雪(xue)梨(li)(li)瓜(gua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)健康發展(zhan),當地(di)政(zheng)府從生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)和(he)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)環境(jing)方面做(zuo)(zuo)了(le)(le)大(da)量的(de)(de)工作(zuo)。技術(shu)(shu)(shu)上不斷創新,如采取地(di)膜覆蓋技術(shu)(shu)(shu),提(ti)高(gao)地(di)溫和(he)降低(di)空氣(qi)濕(shi)度(du);集中(zhong)播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)育苗(miao),提(ti)高(gao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)苗(miao)質量;通過嫁接育苗(miao)技術(shu)(shu)(shu),提(ti)高(gao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)苗(miao)的(de)(de)抗病性和(he)生(sheng)長力,減少農(nong)藥的(de)(de)使用;保(bao)(bao)護(hu)灌溉水(shui)資源,規(gui)范種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植技術(shu)(shu)(shu)等,這一系列舉措使雪(xue)梨(li)(li)瓜(gua)產(chan)(chan)(chan)區成(cheng)為(wei)無(wu)公(gong)害生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)基地(di),并獲(huo)得省(sheng)級(ji)認證。為(wei)了(le)(le)提(ti)升“樂(le)平(ping)(ping)雪(xue)梨(li)(li)瓜(gua)”的(de)(de)品牌競爭力,并規(gui)范其(qi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)銷售(shou)和(he)進(jin)出(chu)口業(ye)務,以(yi)便做(zuo)(zuo)到與國際接軌,經上級(ji)部門批準,樂(le)平(ping)(ping)鎮成(cheng)立了(le)(le)包括種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植戶、流(liu)通商、嫁接苗(miao)供(gong)應商等800多名(ming)會(hui)(hui)員組成(cheng)的(de)(de)“樂(le)平(ping)(ping)鎮雪(xue)梨(li)(li)瓜(gua)協會(hui)(hui)”。該(gai)協會(hui)(hui)為(wei)會(hui)(hui)員提(ti)供(gong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植技術(shu)(shu)(shu)交流(liu)平(ping)(ping)臺、嫁接苗(miao)供(gong)應、產(chan)(chan)(chan)品銷售(shou)信息等服務,保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)樂(le)平(ping)(ping)鎮雪(xue)梨(li)(li)瓜(gua)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)化的(de)(de)可(ke)持(chi)續發展(zhan)。