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一.產品介紹

會東黑(hei)山(shan)(shan)羊(yang)屬于(yu)(yu)建(jian)昌(chang)黑(hei)山(shan)(shan)羊(yang)，是在四川省會東縣行政(zheng)區(qu)域內(nei)通過多(duo)年的本品(pin)種選(xuan)育，并引(yin)進金堂黑(hei)山(shan)(shan)羊(yang)血緣雜交培育而(er)成的體高、體重、繁殖(zhi)率、產(chan)(chan)肉性能優(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)其(qi)它產(chan)(chan)區(qu)建(jian)昌(chang)黑(hei)山(shan)(shan)羊(yang)的優(you)(you)秀類群(qun)，以被毛黑(hei)色(se)，善于(yu)(yu)爬山(shan)(shan)采食(shi)，耐粗(cu)放(fang)飼養，遺(yi)傳性能穩定，板皮質量好，肉質細嫩(nen)、營養豐富、膻味輕、抗病力(li)和適應(ying)性強為(wei)特色(se)。

二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素

1、地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌情況:會(hui)東(dong)黑山(shan)(shan)羊產區地(di)(di)(di)(di)屬于川(chuan)西南高中山(shan)(shan)深切割剝蝕地(di)(di)(di)(di) ，地(di)(di)(di)(di)處川(chuan)滇地(di)(di)(di)(di)軸中段，境(jing)(jing)內地(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)結(jie)構復(fu)雜，以山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌為(wei)主，呈(cheng)現(xian)山(shan)(shan)間(jian)有(you)(you)谷(gu)，谷(gu)中有(you)(you)地(di)(di)(di)(di)；山(shan)(shan)中有(you)(you)壩，壩內有(you)(you)丘；山(shan)(shan)中有(you)(you)原，原上有(you)(you)山(shan)(shan)。最低(di)海(hai)拔640米(mi)，最高海(hai)拔3331米(mi)，有(you)(you)一山(shan)(shan)分(fen)四季，十里不同天的(de)立(li)體氣候(hou)環境(jing)(jing)。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)為(wei)地(di)(di)(di)(di)帶(dai)性(xing)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)和非地(di)(di)(di)(di)帶(dai)性(xing)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)分(fen)布(bu)的(de)復(fu)區。1000米(mi)以下多為(wei)亞(ya)沙土(tu)(tu)與(yu)沙質(zhi)壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)，1000——1500米(mi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)帶(dai)多為(wei)燥紅土(tu)(tu)，1500——2300米(mi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)帶(dai)為(wei)紅黃(huang)(huang)土(tu)(tu)，2300——3000米(mi)以上為(wei)黃(huang)(huang)棕壤(rang)。非地(di)(di)(di)(di)帶(dai)性(xing)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)為(wei)紫色(se)土(tu)(tu)和石灰土(tu)(tu)。 

2、水(shui)文情況：會東境(jing)內有大橋河、參魚河與魯南(nan)山(shan)、大黑(hei)山(shan)、魯昆山(shan)山(shan)脈平行相間，金沙江由(you)西向東至新田(tian)轉北流至大崇莫家壩進入寧南(nan)縣境(jing)內；地下水(shui)豐富，約有2.847億立方，占境(jing)內水(shui)資源(yuan)的15％。水(shui)質(zhi)清澈(che)、純凈，是理想的工(gong)農業生(sheng)產生(sheng)活用水(shui)。會東黑(hei)山(shan)羊產區內無“三(san)廢(fei)”污染源(yuan)。 

3、氣(qi)候(hou)情況：會(hui)東緯度偏南，于(yu)(yu)北緯26°之中，屬于(yu)(yu)亞熱帶氣(qi)候(hou)，由(you)于(yu)(yu)海(hai)拔懸殊，相對高差大，形(xing)成立體(ti)氣(qi)候(hou)。年平(ping)均氣(qi)溫(wen)16.2℃，≥00C積溫(wen)51170C，日照(zhao)2300小時(shi)，年平(ping)均降雨(yu)量1058毫(hao)米，全年有霜(shuang)日46天，相對濕度65﹪。適宜會(hui)東黑山羊(yang)的生(sheng)長發(fa)育。

三.地域范圍

會(hui)東黑(hei)山(shan)羊是建昌黑(hei)山(shan)羊的優(you)良類群，以(yi)體格大、肉質好著稱。主(zhu)產區(qu)(qu)包括會(hui)東縣53個鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)，318個行政(zheng)村(cun)，產區(qu)(qu)版圖面(mian)積(ji)3227平方公里，地(di)理坐標為北(bei)緯26°12ˊ14〞——26°55ˊ42〞，東經102°21ˊ32〞——103°3′15″。東南臨金沙江，西與會(hui)理毗鄰，北(bei)同寧南縣接壤。全縣草場面(mian)積(ji)為257萬(wan)畝，人口(kou)40.14萬(wan)。2009年黑(hei)山(shan)羊年存(cun)欄(lan)84.49萬(wan)只，年出欄(lan)黑(hei)山(shan)羊60萬(wan)只以(yi)上。

四.產(chan)品品質特(te)性(xing)特(te)征

1、外(wai)貌特征：被毛(mao)黑色(se)，富有(you)光澤，允許(xu)嘴唇(chun)上沿、耳根(gen)、尾(wei)根(gen)三處有(you)白色(se)斑點(dian)。短毛(mao)居多，皮(pi)膚白色(se)。體(ti)(ti)格中(zhong)等，體(ti)(ti)質結實。公(gong)(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)態雄壯，母(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)態清(qing)秀。頭呈三角形、額寬微突，鼻梁平直，公(gong)(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)角較粗(cu)大(da)，母(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)角較小，微向后、上、外(wai)方向扭轉。公(gong)(gong)(gong)母(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)下(xia)頜有(you)髯，少數羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)頸下(xia)有(you)肉(rou)垂(chui)。背(bei)腰平直，耆(qi)甲(jia)部高于十字部。四肢粗(cu)壯，蹄質堅實呈黑色(se)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)睪丸大(da)小勻(yun)稱，母(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)乳房發育良好。成年(nian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)41.51±4.87公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，周歲(sui)公(gong)(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)30.82±3.24公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，成年(nian)母(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)39.37±3.74公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)、周歲(sui)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)27.44±3.95公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，羯羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)55.52±5.37公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)。成年(nian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)屠宰率(lv)(lv)51.15﹪、凈肉(rou)率(lv)(lv)37.91﹪。 

2、繁殖性能：公羊(yang)7-8月(yue)齡(ling)、母(mu)羊(yang)4-5月(yue)齡(ling)性成熟。初配年齡(ling)母(mu)羊(yang)6-8月(yue)齡(ling)、公羊(yang)10-12月(yue)齡(ling)。發(fa)情(qing)周(zhou)期20d，發(fa)情(qing)持續期48.75h，妊娠期149d，產(chan)羔(gao)率156.04﹪，羔(gao)羊(yang)成活率95﹪。公羔(gao)初生重2.27±0.71kg，母(mu)羔(gao)初生重2.12±0.65kg。 

3、內在品(pin)質(zhi)特征：會東黑(hei)山(shan)羊(yang)羊(yang)肉(rou)(rou)膻味(wei)輕，保(bao)水能(neng)力(li)強，肉(rou)(rou)質(zhi)細(xi)嫩，味(wei)道鮮美。經檢測，氨(an)(an)基酸(suan)(suan)總(zong)量高于(yu)17%，其中人體必須氨(an)(an)基酸(suan)(suan)高于(yu)7%，占(zhan)總(zong)量的42%以(yi)上。谷氨(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)、異亮氨(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)的含量高于(yu)其他(ta)品(pin)種羊(yang)肉(rou)(rou)。 

4、感官及風味(wei)特(te)色(se)：會東(dong)黑(hei)山羊肌(ji)(ji)肉(rou)呈紅色(se)，有(you)光澤，脂肪白色(se)或淡黃色(se)，肌(ji)(ji)纖維致密，有(you)韌性，富有(you)彈性，外表(biao)微干(gan)(gan)或有(you)風干(gan)(gan)膜，切面(mian)濕潤、不粘手，具有(you)羊肉(rou)固有(you)的香(xiang)味(wei)，無異(yi)(yi)味(wei)。煮沸后肉(rou)湯(tang)湯(tang)清透明，脂肪團聚(ju)于表(biao)面(mian)，無異(yi)(yi)味(wei)。 5、產品(pin)質量標(biao)準及安全要求：會東(dong)黑(hei)山羊執行(xing)涼(liang)山州(zhou)無公害肉(rou)羊生產技(ji)術規程DB5134／T27-2003。