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一.產品介紹

會(hui)(hui)東(dong)黑(hei)山(shan)羊屬于(yu)建(jian)(jian)昌黑(hei)山(shan)羊，是在四川省會(hui)(hui)東(dong)縣行(xing)政區(qu)域內通過多年的(de)本(ben)品種(zhong)選育，并引(yin)進金(jin)堂黑(hei)山(shan)羊血緣雜交培育而成的(de)體(ti)高、體(ti)重(zhong)、繁殖率、產(chan)肉性(xing)能優于(yu)其它產(chan)區(qu)建(jian)(jian)昌黑(hei)山(shan)羊的(de)優秀類群，以被毛(mao)黑(hei)色(se)，善于(yu)爬山(shan)采食，耐粗放飼養(yang)，遺(yi)傳(chuan)性(xing)能穩定，板(ban)皮質量好，肉質細嫩、營養(yang)豐富、膻味輕、抗病力和適應性(xing)強為特色(se)。

二.自然(ran)生態環境和人(ren)文(wen)歷史(shi)因素(su)

1、地(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)情況:會東黑山(shan)羊產區(qu)地(di)(di)(di)屬于川(chuan)西南高中(zhong)山(shan)深(shen)切割剝蝕(shi)地(di)(di)(di) ，地(di)(di)(di)處川(chuan)滇地(di)(di)(di)軸中(zhong)段，境內(nei)地(di)(di)(di)質結構復雜，以(yi)(yi)山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)為主，呈現山(shan)間有(you)谷，谷中(zhong)有(you)地(di)(di)(di)；山(shan)中(zhong)有(you)壩，壩內(nei)有(you)丘(qiu)；山(shan)中(zhong)有(you)原，原上(shang)有(you)山(shan)。最低(di)海拔(ba)640米(mi)(mi)，最高海拔(ba)3331米(mi)(mi)，有(you)一山(shan)分(fen)四季(ji)，十里不同天的立(li)體氣候環境。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)為地(di)(di)(di)帶性(xing)(xing)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)和非地(di)(di)(di)帶性(xing)(xing)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)分(fen)布的復區(qu)。1000米(mi)(mi)以(yi)(yi)下多(duo)為亞沙土(tu)(tu)與沙質壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)，1000——1500米(mi)(mi)地(di)(di)(di)帶多(duo)為燥(zao)紅(hong)土(tu)(tu)，1500——2300米(mi)(mi)地(di)(di)(di)帶為紅(hong)黃土(tu)(tu)，2300——3000米(mi)(mi)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)為黃棕壤(rang)。非地(di)(di)(di)帶性(xing)(xing)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)為紫色土(tu)(tu)和石灰土(tu)(tu)。 

2、水(shui)文情況：會東境(jing)內有大(da)橋(qiao)河、參(can)魚河與魯(lu)南山(shan)(shan)、大(da)黑山(shan)(shan)、魯(lu)昆山(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)脈平行相(xiang)間，金沙江由西向東至(zhi)新田轉北流至(zhi)大(da)崇莫家壩(ba)進入(ru)寧南縣(xian)境(jing)內；地下水(shui)豐(feng)富(fu)，約(yue)有2.847億(yi)立方，占境(jing)內水(shui)資源的15％。水(shui)質清澈、純(chun)凈，是理想的工農業生產生活(huo)用水(shui)。會東黑山(shan)(shan)羊產區(qu)內無(wu)“三廢”污(wu)染源。 

3、氣(qi)(qi)候情況：會東(dong)緯(wei)度偏南，于(yu)(yu)北(bei)緯(wei)26°之(zhi)中，屬于(yu)(yu)亞熱(re)帶氣(qi)(qi)候，由于(yu)(yu)海拔懸殊，相對(dui)高(gao)差(cha)大，形成立體氣(qi)(qi)候。年(nian)平均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫16.2℃，≥00C積溫51170C，日(ri)照2300小時(shi)，年(nian)平均(jun)降雨量1058毫米(mi)，全年(nian)有霜日(ri)46天，相對(dui)濕度65﹪。適(shi)宜會東(dong)黑山羊的生長發(fa)育。

三.地域范圍

會(hui)東(dong)(dong)黑(hei)(hei)(hei)山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)是建(jian)昌黑(hei)(hei)(hei)山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)的優(you)良(liang)類群(qun)，以體格大、肉(rou)質好著(zhu)稱。主產(chan)區包括會(hui)東(dong)(dong)縣(xian)53個(ge)鄉鎮，318個(ge)行政村(cun)，產(chan)區版圖面積(ji)3227平方公里，地理坐標為北(bei)緯(wei)26°12ˊ14〞——26°55ˊ42〞，東(dong)(dong)經(jing)102°21ˊ32〞——103°3′15″。東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)臨金(jin)沙江，西與會(hui)理毗鄰，北(bei)同寧南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)接壤。全縣(xian)草場面積(ji)為257萬畝(mu)，人口40.14萬。2009年(nian)黑(hei)(hei)(hei)山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)年(nian)存欄(lan)84.49萬只，年(nian)出欄(lan)黑(hei)(hei)(hei)山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)60萬只以上。

四.產品品質特(te)(te)性特(te)(te)征(zheng)

1、外(wai)貌特征：被毛(mao)黑色，富有光澤，允許嘴唇上沿、耳根、尾根三處有白(bai)色斑點。短毛(mao)居多，皮膚白(bai)色。體(ti)格中等，體(ti)質結實。公(gong)(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)態(tai)雄壯，母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)態(tai)清(qing)秀。頭呈(cheng)三角形(xing)、額寬微(wei)突，鼻梁平直(zhi)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)角較粗大，母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)角較小，微(wei)向(xiang)后、上、外(wai)方(fang)向(xiang)扭(niu)轉。公(gong)(gong)(gong)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)下頜有髯，少數羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)頸下有肉垂。背腰平直(zhi)，耆甲部(bu)高于十字(zi)部(bu)。四肢粗壯，蹄質堅實呈(cheng)黑色。公(gong)(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)睪(gao)丸大小勻(yun)稱，母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)乳房發育良(liang)好(hao)。成(cheng)年(nian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)重41.51±4.87公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤，周(zhou)歲(sui)公(gong)(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)重30.82±3.24公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤，成(cheng)年(nian)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)重39.37±3.74公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤、周(zhou)歲(sui)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)重27.44±3.95公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤，羯羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)重55.52±5.37公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤。成(cheng)年(nian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)屠宰率51.15﹪、凈肉率37.91﹪。 

2、繁殖(zhi)性能：公羊(yang)7-8月(yue)齡(ling)、母(mu)羊(yang)4-5月(yue)齡(ling)性成(cheng)熟。初(chu)配年齡(ling)母(mu)羊(yang)6-8月(yue)齡(ling)、公羊(yang)10-12月(yue)齡(ling)。發(fa)情(qing)周期20d，發(fa)情(qing)持(chi)續期48.75h，妊娠期149d，產羔率156.04﹪，羔羊(yang)成(cheng)活率95﹪。公羔初(chu)生(sheng)重2.27±0.71kg，母(mu)羔初(chu)生(sheng)重2.12±0.65kg。 

3、內在品質(zhi)特(te)征：會(hui)東黑山(shan)羊羊肉(rou)膻味輕，保水(shui)能力強，肉(rou)質(zhi)細嫩，味道鮮美。經檢測，氨(an)基酸(suan)總(zong)量(liang)高于(yu)(yu)17%，其(qi)中(zhong)人體必須氨(an)基酸(suan)高于(yu)(yu)7%，占總(zong)量(liang)的42%以上。谷氨(an)酸(suan)、異亮氨(an)酸(suan)的含量(liang)高于(yu)(yu)其(qi)他品種羊肉(rou)。 

4、感(gan)官及風(feng)味(wei)(wei)特色：會東黑(hei)山(shan)(shan)羊(yang)肌肉(rou)呈紅色，有(you)(you)光(guang)澤，脂肪白色或淡黃色，肌纖維(wei)致密，有(you)(you)韌性，富有(you)(you)彈性，外表微干或有(you)(you)風(feng)干膜，切面(mian)濕潤、不粘手，具有(you)(you)羊(yang)肉(rou)固有(you)(you)的香味(wei)(wei)，無(wu)異(yi)味(wei)(wei)。煮沸后(hou)肉(rou)湯(tang)湯(tang)清透明，脂肪團聚于表面(mian)，無(wu)異(yi)味(wei)(wei)。 5、產(chan)品(pin)質量標準及安全要求：會東黑(hei)山(shan)(shan)羊(yang)執行涼山(shan)(shan)州無(wu)公害肉(rou)羊(yang)生產(chan)技術(shu)規程DB5134／T27-2003。