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一.產品介紹

會東黑(hei)山(shan)羊(yang)屬于建(jian)昌黑(hei)山(shan)羊(yang)，是在四川省會東縣行政區(qu)域內通過多年的(de)(de)本品種選育，并引進金堂黑(hei)山(shan)羊(yang)血緣雜交培育而成的(de)(de)體(ti)高、體(ti)重、繁殖率、產肉(rou)性能(neng)優于其它(ta)產區(qu)建(jian)昌黑(hei)山(shan)羊(yang)的(de)(de)優秀類群，以被毛黑(hei)色(se)，善于爬山(shan)采食(shi)，耐粗(cu)放飼養(yang)，遺傳性能(neng)穩定，板皮質量(liang)好，肉(rou)質細嫩、營養(yang)豐富、膻味(wei)輕、抗病(bing)力和適應性強為特色(se)。

二.自然生(sheng)態環境和人文歷史因素

1、地(di)(di)貌情況:會東黑山(shan)羊產區地(di)(di)屬(shu)于川西(xi)南高中(zhong)山(shan)深(shen)切割剝蝕地(di)(di) ，地(di)(di)處川滇地(di)(di)軸(zhou)中(zhong)段，境內地(di)(di)質(zhi)結(jie)構復雜，以山(shan)地(di)(di)地(di)(di)貌為(wei)主(zhu)，呈現山(shan)間(jian)有(you)(you)(you)谷(gu)(gu)，谷(gu)(gu)中(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)地(di)(di)；山(shan)中(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)壩(ba)，壩(ba)內有(you)(you)(you)丘；山(shan)中(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)原，原上有(you)(you)(you)山(shan)。最低海拔640米(mi)，最高海拔3331米(mi)，有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)山(shan)分四季，十里不同天的立體氣候環境。土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)為(wei)地(di)(di)帶(dai)性(xing)(xing)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)和(he)非地(di)(di)帶(dai)性(xing)(xing)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)分布的復區。1000米(mi)以下多為(wei)亞沙土(tu)(tu)(tu)與(yu)沙質(zhi)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)，1000——1500米(mi)地(di)(di)帶(dai)多為(wei)燥(zao)紅土(tu)(tu)(tu)，1500——2300米(mi)地(di)(di)帶(dai)為(wei)紅黃土(tu)(tu)(tu)，2300——3000米(mi)以上為(wei)黃棕壤(rang)(rang)(rang)。非地(di)(di)帶(dai)性(xing)(xing)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)為(wei)紫(zi)色土(tu)(tu)(tu)和(he)石灰(hui)土(tu)(tu)(tu)。 

2、水文情況：會(hui)東境內(nei)(nei)有(you)大(da)橋河、參魚河與魯南山、大(da)黑(hei)山、魯昆山山脈平(ping)行相間，金(jin)沙江由(you)西向東至新田轉北流至大(da)崇莫家壩(ba)進入寧南縣境內(nei)(nei)；地下水豐富，約有(you)2.847億立方(fang)，占境內(nei)(nei)水資源(yuan)的15％。水質清澈、純凈，是理想的工(gong)農業生(sheng)產(chan)生(sheng)活用(yong)水。會(hui)東黑(hei)山羊(yang)產(chan)區內(nei)(nei)無“三廢”污染源(yuan)。 

3、氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)情況：會(hui)東緯度偏南，于北(bei)緯26°之中，屬于亞(ya)熱帶氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)，由于海拔懸(xuan)殊(shu)，相(xiang)對高差大，形成立(li)體氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)。年(nian)(nian)平均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)16.2℃，≥00C積溫(wen)51170C，日(ri)照2300小時，年(nian)(nian)平均降(jiang)雨量(liang)1058毫米，全年(nian)(nian)有霜日(ri)46天(tian)，相(xiang)對濕度65﹪。適(shi)宜會(hui)東黑山羊的(de)生長發育。

三.地域范圍

會(hui)(hui)東(dong)(dong)黑(hei)(hei)山羊(yang)(yang)是(shi)建昌黑(hei)(hei)山羊(yang)(yang)的優良類(lei)群，以體格大(da)、肉質好著稱。主(zhu)產區(qu)(qu)包括會(hui)(hui)東(dong)(dong)縣53個(ge)鄉鎮(zhen)，318個(ge)行政村(cun)，產區(qu)(qu)版圖面(mian)(mian)積(ji)3227平方公里，地理(li)坐標為北(bei)緯26°12ˊ14〞——26°55ˊ42〞，東(dong)(dong)經102°21ˊ32〞——103°3′15″。東(dong)(dong)南臨金沙江，西與(yu)會(hui)(hui)理(li)毗鄰，北(bei)同(tong)寧南縣接壤。全(quan)縣草(cao)場面(mian)(mian)積(ji)為257萬(wan)畝(mu)，人(ren)口40.14萬(wan)。2009年黑(hei)(hei)山羊(yang)(yang)年存欄84.49萬(wan)只(zhi)，年出欄黑(hei)(hei)山羊(yang)(yang)60萬(wan)只(zhi)以上。

四.產品品質特性(xing)特征

1、外貌(mao)特征：被毛黑色(se)，富有(you)光澤，允(yun)許嘴唇上沿、耳(er)根(gen)、尾(wei)根(gen)三(san)處有(you)白色(se)斑點。短毛居多，皮膚白色(se)。體(ti)格中等(deng)，體(ti)質結實。公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)態雄(xiong)壯，母羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)態清秀(xiu)。頭(tou)呈三(san)角(jiao)形、額寬微(wei)突，鼻梁(liang)平直(zhi)，公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)角(jiao)較粗(cu)大，母羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)角(jiao)較小(xiao)，微(wei)向后、上、外方向扭轉(zhuan)。公(gong)(gong)母羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)下(xia)頜有(you)髯，少(shao)數羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)頸下(xia)有(you)肉垂(chui)。背腰(yao)平直(zhi)，耆甲部高于十字部。四肢粗(cu)壯，蹄質堅實呈黑色(se)。公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)睪丸大小(xiao)勻稱，母羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)乳房發育良好。成年(nian)公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)41.51±4.87公(gong)(gong)斤，周歲(sui)公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)30.82±3.24公(gong)(gong)斤，成年(nian)母羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)39.37±3.74公(gong)(gong)斤、周歲(sui)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)27.44±3.95公(gong)(gong)斤，羯羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)55.52±5.37公(gong)(gong)斤。成年(nian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)屠宰率51.15﹪、凈肉率37.91﹪。 

2、繁殖性能：公(gong)羊7-8月(yue)齡(ling)(ling)、母(mu)羊4-5月(yue)齡(ling)(ling)性成(cheng)熟。初配年齡(ling)(ling)母(mu)羊6-8月(yue)齡(ling)(ling)、公(gong)羊10-12月(yue)齡(ling)(ling)。發(fa)情(qing)周(zhou)期20d，發(fa)情(qing)持續期48.75h，妊娠期149d，產羔(gao)率(lv)156.04﹪，羔(gao)羊成(cheng)活率(lv)95﹪。公(gong)羔(gao)初生重2.27±0.71kg，母(mu)羔(gao)初生重2.12±0.65kg。 

3、內在品(pin)質特征：會(hui)東黑山羊(yang)(yang)羊(yang)(yang)肉膻味輕，保水(shui)能力(li)強，肉質細嫩，味道鮮美。經(jing)檢測(ce)，氨(an)基酸總量高于(yu)(yu)17%，其(qi)中人體必須氨(an)基酸高于(yu)(yu)7%，占總量的42%以上(shang)。谷氨(an)酸、異亮氨(an)酸的含(han)量高于(yu)(yu)其(qi)他品(pin)種羊(yang)(yang)肉。 

4、感(gan)官及(ji)風味特色：會東黑(hei)山羊(yang)肌(ji)肉(rou)(rou)呈紅色，有(you)(you)(you)光澤，脂肪白色或淡黃色，肌(ji)纖維致密，有(you)(you)(you)韌(ren)性(xing)，富(fu)有(you)(you)(you)彈性(xing)，外表微干(gan)或有(you)(you)(you)風干(gan)膜，切面濕潤(run)、不粘手，具有(you)(you)(you)羊(yang)肉(rou)(rou)固有(you)(you)(you)的(de)香味，無(wu)異味。煮沸后肉(rou)(rou)湯湯清(qing)透明，脂肪團聚于表面，無(wu)異味。 5、產品質量標(biao)準及(ji)安全要求：會東黑(hei)山羊(yang)執行涼山州無(wu)公害肉(rou)(rou)羊(yang)生(sheng)產技(ji)術規程DB5134／T27-2003。