【船(chuan)舶(bo)的(de)種類】船(chuan)舶(bo)的(de)種類有哪(na)些 船(chuan)舶(bo)的(de)分類及用(yong)途介(jie)紹
一、船舶分類的方法
現代船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶是為交通運(yun)輸、港口建設(she)、漁業生產和科(ke)研(yan)勘(kan)測等服務(wu)的(de)(de),隨著工業的(de)(de)發展(zhan),船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶服務(wu)面的(de)(de)擴大,船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶也(ye)日趨專業化。不同的(de)(de)部(bu)門(men)對船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶有不同的(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu),使用權船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶的(de)(de)航行區域(yu)、航行狀態、推進方(fang)式、動力裝置(zhi)、造船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)材(cai)料和用途等到方(fang)面也(ye)各不同,因而船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶種類(lei)繁多,而這些船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶在船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)型上(shang)、構(gou)造上(shang)、運(yun)用性能上(shang)和設(she)備上(shang)又各有特點(dian)。
1、船舶的航行區域:船舶按(an)航行區域可分(fen)為海洋(yang)船反作(zuo)用(yong)、港灣船舶和內(nei)河(he)船舶三種。航行內(nei)湖泊(bo)上(shang)的船舶一般(ban)也歸入內(nei)河(he)船舶類。
2、船舶航行的狀態:船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)按航(hang)(hang)行(xing)狀(zhuang)態可(ke)歸納為浮(fu)(fu)行(xing)、滑行(xing)、騰(teng)空(kong)(kong)航(hang)(hang)行(xing)三種(zhong)。浮(fu)(fu)行(xing)是(shi)指船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)在(zai)航(hang)(hang)行(xing)時(shi),船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)體的(de)重(zhong)量(liang)和排水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)相等(deng)而瓢(piao)浮(fu)(fu)在(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)航(hang)(hang)行(xing)的(de)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(又叫做排水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan))。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)下潛(qian)航(hang)(hang)的(de)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)也屬于浮(fu)(fu)行(xing)。滑行(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)是(shi)指高速(su)狀(zhuang)態下航(hang)(hang)行(xing)時(shi),船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)體的(de)大部(bu)分被水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)動力(li)作用抬起,在(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)滑行(xing)。滑行(xing)時(shi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)的(de)排水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)小(xiao)于靜止(zhi)時(shi)的(de)排水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang),同(tong)時(shi)減(jian)小(xiao)了濕表面(mian)(mian)積,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)阻力(li)大大減(jian)小(xiao),使船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)的(de)速(su)度加快(kuai)。如(ru)(ru)快(kuai)艇、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)翼艇。騰(teng)空(kong)(kong)航(hang)(hang)行(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)是(shi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)身在(zai)完全脫離水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)的(de)狀(zhuang)態下航(hang)(hang)行(xing)的(de)。如(ru)(ru)氣墊船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和沖翼艇。
3、推進方式:船舶按進方式可分為原始的撐篙、拉繹、劃槳、搖櫓等人力推進的船舶和風力推進的帆船;機械推進的明輪船,噴水船、螺旋槳船、以及空氣推進船等。dc明輪(lun)是(shi)船舶(bo)以(yi)機器作為動力以(yi)來(lai),最古(gu)老的(de)一種推(tui)進(jin)器。以(yi)后(hou)又出現把推(tui)進(jin)哭裝在(zai)船的(de)艉(wei)部(bu)水(shui)面以(yi)下部(bu)分的(de)螺旋(xuan)(xuan)槳(jiang)(jiang)推(tui)進(jin)器,后(hou)來(lai),對少數(shu)殊要求的(de)船舶(bo)有的(de)在(zai)艉(wei)部(bu)螺旋(xuan)(xuan)槳(jiang)(jiang)上(shang)加上(shang)導(dao)管,也有在(zai)艏部(bu)加裝輔(fu)助的(de)螺旋(xuan)(xuan)槳(jiang)(jiang)。大多(duo)數(shu)船舶(bo)螺旋(xuan)(xuan)槳(jiang)(jiang)的(de)葉片是(shi)固定的(de),對經常駐要求改變(bian)工況的(de)船,采(cai)用(yong)可調螺距的(de)螺旋(xuan)(xuan)槳(jiang)(jiang)。淺水(shui)航道中的(de)船舶(bo)還有噴水(shui)推(tui)進(jin)的(de)。全(quan)浮式氣(qi)墊船和騰空(kong)(kong)艇(ting)上(shang)則用(yong)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)螺旋(xuan)(xuan)槳(jiang)(jiang)推(tui)進(jin)。
4、動力裝置:船(chuan)(chuan)舶按(an)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)裝(zhuang)置的(de)(de)(de)種類可分為(wei)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)機(ji)船(chuan)(chuan)、內燃(ran)機(ji)船(chuan)(chuan),。電力(li)推(tui)進船(chuan)(chuan)和(he)核動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)裝(zhuang)置船(chuan)(chuan)。早期使用的(de)(de)(de)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)往(wang)復機(ji)目前已被(bei)淘(tao)汰。汽(qi)(qi)輪機(ji)(有(you)蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)輪機(ji)和(he)燃(ran)汽(qi)(qi)輪機(ji))在(zai)一些高速客船(chuan)(chuan)和(he)軍(jun)艦(jian)上使用。現在(zai)各類船(chuan)(chuan)舶應用最廣的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)柴油機(ji)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)裝(zhuang)置。小艇上也(ye)有(you)用汽(qi)(qi)油機(ji)作為(wei)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)。電動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)推(tui)進船(chuan)(chuan)是(shi)以內燃(ran)機(ji)或蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)機(ji)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)發電機(ji)(或直接用蓄電池)發電,再帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)與螺(luo)(luo)旋槳(jiang)聯成一體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)電動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)來(lai)推(tui)進船(chuan)(chuan)舶。這種動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)裝(zhuang)置的(de)(de)(de)螺(luo)(luo)旋槳(jiang)轉速可任意調節,且操作簡單、操縱方(fang)便(bian),為(wei)有(you)特殊要求的(de)(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)舶采用,如潛艇、破(po)冰船(chuan)(chuan)廠、科學考察(cha)船(chuan)(chuan)、火(huo)車渡船(chuan)(chuan)等。核動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)裝(zhuang)置是(shi)當前世界上較先進的(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)裝(zhuang)置,它以核反應堆(dui)通過原子(zi)核的(de)(de)(de)反應,產生蒸(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)熱能(neng)來(lai)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)汽(qi)(qi)輪機(ji)運轉。
二、船舶的分類有哪些
由于(yu)船舶(bo)的發展(zhan),現(xian)代船舶(bo)的種類很多,可以有(you)各(ge)種各(ge)樣的分類方法,
如按(an)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)體材(cai)料分,有木船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、鋼(gang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、水泥船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和(he)(he)玻璃(li)鋼(gang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等(deng);按(an)航行(xing)區域分,有遠(yuan)洋(yang)(yang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、近洋(yang)(yang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、沿海船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和(he)(he)內河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等(deng);按(an)動(dong)力(li)裝置分,有蒸汽(qi)(qi)機船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、內燃機船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、汽(qi)(qi)輪機船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、電(dian)動(dong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和(he)(he)核動(dong)力(li)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等(deng);按(an)推進(jin)方式分,有明(ming)輪船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、螺(luo)旋槳船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、平旋推進(jin)器船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和(he)(he)風(feng)帆(fan)助(zhu)航船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等(deng);按(an)航行(xing)方式分,有自(zi)航船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和(he)(he)非自(zi)航船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan);按(an)航行(xing)狀態分,有排(pai)水型和(he)(he)非排(pai)水型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)。而最能說明(ming)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶特征的是按(an)照船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶的用途來分類,首先可分為軍用和(he)(he)民(min)用兩大類。
(一)民用船舶的分類:
運輸船——客船、客貨船、貨船(雜貨(huo)船(chuan)、散貨(huo)船(chuan)、集(ji)裝箱船(chuan)、滾(gun)裝船(chuan)、載駁(bo)船(chuan)、油船(chuan)、液化氣體(ti)船(chuan)、冷藏船(chuan)等(deng))、渡船(chuan)、駁(bo)船(chuan)等(deng)。
工程船——挖泥船(chuan)(chuan)、起重船(chuan)(chuan)、浮船(chuan)(chuan)塢、救撈船(chuan)(chuan)、布設船(chuan)(chuan)(布纜船、敷管船等)、打樁船。
漁業船——網類漁船(拖(tuo)網(wang)漁(yu)船、圍網(wang)漁(yu)船、刺網(wang)漁(yu)船等)、釣類魚(yu)船、捕鯨(jing)船、漁(yu)業加工(gong)船、漁(yu)業調(diao)查船、冷藏運(yun)輸(shu)船等。
港務船——破冰船(chuan)(chuan)、引(yin)航船(chuan)(chuan)、消(xiao)防船(chuan)(chuan)、供應船(chuan)(chuan)、交通船(chuan)(chuan)、工(gong)作(zuo)船(chuan)(chuan)(測量船(chuan)(chuan)船(chuan)(chuan)、航標(biao)船(chuan)(chuan)等)、浮油回收船(chuan)(chuan)等。
海洋開發船——海洋調查船,、深潛器(艇)、鉆井船、鉆井平臺(tai)等。
拖船和推船——海洋拖船(chuan)、港(gang)作(zuo)拖船(chuan)、,內(nei)河(he)(he)拖船(chuan)、海洋拖船(chuan)、內(nei)河(he)(he)拖船(chuan)等。、燈標發展(zhan)中的(de)高速船(chuan)艇——水翼(yi)艇(劃(hua)水式(shi)水翼艇、全(quan)浸(jin)式(shi)水翼艇)、氣墊船(chuan)(全(quan)浮式(shi)氣墊船(chuan)、側壁式(shi)氣墊船(chuan))、沖(chong)翼艇、半潛式(shi)小水面艇、穿浪船(chuan)等。
民用船舶分類中通常是按用途進行劃分,現分別具體介紹如下:
1、客船(passenger vessel)是指(zhi)用于運送旅客及其攜帶行李(li)的(de)船(chuan)舶(bo)。對兼運少量貨(huo)物的(de)客船(chuan)也稱(cheng)客貨(huo)船(chuan)。由于客船(chuan)多為定期定航(hang)線(xian)航(hang)行,又稱(cheng)客班船(chuan)。具有(you)多層甲板的(de)上層建筑,有(you)較(jiao)好的(de)抗沉性,一般為“二艙不沉制”,船(chuan)速較(jiao)高,一般為16-20節(kn)。乘客>12人。
在《國際(ji)海(hai)上(shang)(shang)人(ren)命(ming)安全公約(yue)》(SOLAS公約(yue))中規定(ding),凡(fan)載客超過(guo)12人(ren)的(de)船舶應視為客船。客船的(de)外(wai)形如圖所示。其特點是具有良好的(de)航海(hai)性能,安全設備(bei)與生活設施完善,上(shang)(shang)層(ceng)建筑高(gao)大,船速較高(gao),一般(ban)在20kn(節(jie),海(hai)里/小時(shi))左右。
有的短(duan)途客船采用水翼艇(ting)(hydrofoil craft)和氣墊(dian)船(hover craft),船速一般在40kn左右。
2、干貨船(cargo ship)根據所裝貨(huo)物及船(chuan)舶結構、設備不同,可(ke)分為:
(1)普(pu)通貨船(general cargo ship):亦稱雜貨船,特(te)征是(shi)(shi)貨艙(cang)設(she)計成(cheng)多(duo)層(ceng)(ceng)甲板結構通常(chang)為2-3層(ceng)(ceng)甲板,為便于裝(zhuang)卸,各貨艙(cang)的(de)(de)艙(cang)口尺(chi)寸均(jun)較(jiao)大,并配吊桿(2-5T)或起重(zhong)機(120T)。一般設(she)3-6個貨艙(cang)。雜貨船一般是(shi)(shi)指(zhi)定期航行于貨運(yun)繁忙的(de)(de)航線,以(yi)(yi)裝(zhuang)運(yun)零星雜貨為主的(de)(de)船舶。這種船航行速度較(jiao)快,船上配有足(zu)夠(gou)的(de)(de)起吊設(she)備,船舶構造中有多(duo)層(ceng)(ceng)甲板把船艙(cang)分(fen)隔成(cheng)多(duo)層(ceng)(ceng)貨柜,以(yi)(yi)適應裝(zhuang)載不同貨物(wu)的(de)(de)需要。
(2)散(san)裝船(bulk cargo vessel)專門(men)運糧、礦(kuang)、煤等,由于散(san)貨不怕壓,為(wei)裝卸方便,其貨艙(cang)均為(wei)單甲板。根據結構不同分(fen)為(wei)以下幾(ji)種類型。
干散(san)貨(huo)(huo)船(chuan)(chuan)(Bulk Cargo Ship)是(shi)用以(yi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)載無包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)大宗貨(huo)(huo)物(wu)的(de)船(chuan)(chuan)舶。依所裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)貨(huo)(huo)物(wu)的(de)種類不同,又可(ke)分(fen)為(wei)糧谷(gu)船(chuan)(chuan)(Grain Ship)、煤船(chuan)(chuan)(Collier)和礦砂船(chuan)(chuan)(Ore Ship)。這種船(chuan)(chuan)大都為(wei)單甲板(ban)(ban),艙(cang)(cang)內(nei)不設支柱,但設有隔板(ban)(ban),用以(yi)防止(zhi)在風浪中(zhong)運行的(de)艙(cang)(cang)內(nei)貨(huo)(huo)物(wu)錯位。特(te)點(dian)是(shi)艙(cang)(cang)口圍板(ban)(ban)高(gao)而大,貨(huo)(huo)艙(cang)(cang)橫剖面成棱形,這樣既可(ke)減少平艙(cang)(cang)工作(zuo),貨(huo)(huo)艙(cang)(cang)四角(jiao)的(de)三角(jiao)形艙(cang)(cang)柜為(wei)壓載水(shui)艙(cang)(cang),可(ke)調節吃水(shui)和穩性高(gao)度(du)。
散貨船的類型
靈(ling)便(bian)型散(san)貨(huo)船(Handysize bulk carrier):指載重量(liang)在2-5萬(wan)噸(dun)(dun)左右的(de)(de)(de)(de)散(san)貨(huo)船,其中超過4萬(wan)噸(dun)(dun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)船舶又被稱為大靈(ling)便(bian)型散(san)貨(huo)船(Handymax bulk carrier)。眾所周知,干散(san)貨(huo)是海運(yun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大宗貨(huo)物,這些噸(dun)(dun)位相對較小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)船舶具有較強的(de)(de)(de)(de)對航道(dao)、運(yun)河及(ji)港口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)適應性,載重噸(dun)(dun)量(liang)適中,且多(duo)配有起卸貨(huo)設備,營運(yun)方(fang)便(bian)靈(ling)活,因而被稱之為“靈(ling)便(bian)型”。
巴(ba)拿(na)馬型散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(Panamax bulk carrier):顧名思(si)義(yi),該型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)是指在滿載情況下可以通過(guo)(guo)巴(ba)拿(na)馬運河的最(zui)大型散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan),即(ji)主要滿足船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶總長不(bu)超過(guo)(guo)274.32,型寬不(bu)超過(guo)(guo)32.30米的運河通航有關(guan)規定。根據需要,調整船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶的尺度(du)、船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)型及結構來(lai)改變(bian)載重(zhong)量,該型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)載重(zhong)量一般在6-7.5萬噸之間。
好望角型散(san)貨(huo)船(chuan)(Capesize bulk carrier):指載重量在15萬(wan)噸左右(you)的散(san)貨(huo)船(chuan),該船(chuan)型以運輸鐵礦石為主,由于(yu)(yu)尺度(du)限制(zhi)不(bu)可能通過巴(ba)拿馬運河(he)和蘇(su)伊士運河(he),需繞行(xing)好望角和合恩角,臺灣省稱之為“海岬”型。由于(yu)(yu)近年(nian)蘇(su)伊士運河(he)當局已放寬通過運河(he)船(chuan)舶的吃(chi)水限制(zhi),該型船(chuan)多可滿載通過該運河(he)。
大(da)(da)湖(hu)型散貨(huo)船(chuan)(Lake bulk carrier):是指(zhi)經(jing)由圣勞倫斯(si)水道航行(xing)于美國(guo)、加(jia)拿大(da)(da)交界處五大(da)(da)湖(hu)區(qu)的散貨(huo)船(chuan),以承運(yun)煤(mei)炭、鐵礦石(shi)和糧食為主(zhu)。該(gai)型船(chuan)尺(chi)度上要滿足圣勞倫斯(si)水道通航要求,船(chuan)舶總(zong)長(chang)不超過(guo)222.50米,型寬不超過(guo)23.16米,且橋樓任何(he)部分(fen)不得伸(shen)出船(chuan)體外,吃(chi)(chi)水不得超過(guo)各大(da)(da)水域最大(da)(da)允許吃(chi)(chi)水,桅(wei)桿頂端距水面(mian)高度不得超過(guo)35.66,該(gai)型船(chuan)一般(ban)在3萬噸(dun)左右,大(da)(da)多配(pei)有起卸貨(huo)設備。
3、礦石船(ore carrier)由于(yu)礦(kuang)石(shi)比(bi)重大(da)(da),占艙容(rong)小,使船舶(bo)重心偏低,故為提高(gao)(gao)重心高(gao)(gao)度,其(qi)雙層(ceng)底特(te)別高(gao)(gao),而(er)貨艙兩側的壓載(zai)艙也大(da)(da)。礦(kuang)石(shi)-石(shi)油(you)運輸(shu)船(ore-oil carrier)
(二)軍用艦艇的分類:
水面戰斗艦艇——航空(kong)母艦(jian)、直升機母艦(jian)、戰(zhan)列艦(jian)、巡(xun)洋(yang)艦(jian),驅(qu)逐艦(jian)、護衛(wei)艦(jian)、導(dao)彈艇(ting)、魚(yu)雷艇(ting)、獵(lie)潛(qian)艇(ting)、護衛(wei)艇(ting)等。
水中戰斗艦艇——攻擊(ji)型潛艇(柴油(you)機動(dong)力(li)、電動(dong)機動(dong)力(li))、戰略導(dao)彈潛艇(常規動(dong)力(li)、核動(dong)力(li))。
特種戰斗艦船——兩棲艦艇(兩棲指揮艦(jian)(jian)、兩棲攻擊艦(jian)(jian)、船塢登陸艦(jian)(jian)、兩棲船塢運輸艦(jian)(jian)、坦克登陸艦(jian)(jian)、兩棲貨(huo)船、車輛人(ren)員(yuan)登陸艇(ting)、通用登陸艇(ting))、布雷艦(jian)(jian)艇(ting)、掃雷艦(jian)(jian)艇(ting)、獵(lie)雷艇(ting)。
輔助艦艇——后支援船(運輸(shu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、艦隊(dui)補給船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、供應(ying)維(wei)修船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、衛生勤務船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、撈雷船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan))、海上救(jiu)助船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(近(jin)岸救(jiu)助船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋(yang)救(jiu)助船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、潛艇(ting)救(jiu)助船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、破冰船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan))、情報(bao)支援(yuan)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(海洋(yang)調(diao)查船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、偵察(cha)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、通(tong)(tong)訊船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、測量船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan))、試驗訓(xun)練船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(導(dao)彈靶船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、導(dao)彈測量船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、兵器試驗船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海軍(jun)訓(xun)練船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)),港(gang)務支援(yuan)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(港(gang)口(kou)建設船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、港(gang)口(kou)作業船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、港(gang)口(kou)勤務船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等(deng),這類船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)同(tong)民用(yong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)如勘探船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、打樁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、起重船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、駁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、拖船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、挖(wa)泥(ni)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、交通(tong)(tong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、引(yin)水船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、供水船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、航標船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、燈船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、消(xiao)防船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、浮船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)塢等(deng))。