船舶有哪些種類
船舶分類方法很(hen)多(duo),可(ke)按用途(tu)、航行狀態、船體數目、推進動力、推進器(qi)等分類。
按用途,船舶一般分為軍用和民用船舶兩大類。按船舶(bo)的航行(xing)狀(zhuang)態(tai)通(tong)常可分為(wei)排水型(xing)船舶(bo)、滑行(xing)艇、水翼艇和氣(qi)墊(dian)船。按船(chuan)舶的船(chuan)體(ti)數目可(ke)分為單體(ti)船(chuan)和多體(ti)船(chuan),在(zai)多體(ti)船(chuan)型中雙體(ti)船(chuan)較為多見(jian)。按推進(jin)動力(li)(li)(li)可分(fen)為(wei)機(ji)動船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和(he)非機(ji)動船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan) ,機(ji)動船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)按推進(jin)主機(ji)的類(lei)型(xing)又分(fen)為(wei)蒸汽(qi)機(ji)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(現已淘(tao)汰)、汽(qi)輪機(ji)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、柴油機(ji)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、燃氣輪機(ji)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、聯合動力(li)(li)(li)裝置(zhi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、電力(li)(li)(li)推進(jin)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、核動力(li)(li)(li)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等。
按船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶推(tui)(tui)進器又可(ke)分為螺旋槳船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、噴水推(tui)(tui)進船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、噴氣(qi)推(tui)(tui)進船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、明輪(lun)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、平(ping)旋輪(lun)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等(deng) ,空氣(qi)螺旋槳只用(yong)于少數氣(qi)墊船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan);按機艙的位置,有尾機型(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(機艙在船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)的尾部(bu)),中機型(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和中尾機型(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan);按船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)體結構(gou)材料,有鋼(gang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、鋁合金船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、木(mu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、鋼(gang)絲網水泥船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、玻璃鋼(gang)艇(ting)(ting)、橡皮艇(ting)(ting)、混(hun)合結構(gou)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等(deng)。
船舶的結構
船(chuan)舶是由許多(duo)部(bu)分(fen)構(gou)成(cheng)的(de)(de),按各(ge)部(bu)分(fen)的(de)(de)作用和用途,可綜合歸(gui)納為船(chuan)體、船(chuan)舶動力裝(zhuang)置、船(chuan)舶電氣等三大部(bu)分(fen)。
現在市場上造船船舶工業品牌很多,且中國(guo)(guo)船(chuan)舶工業已(yi)能(neng)建造符合各大(da)船(chuan)級社的國(guo)(guo)際標準(zhun),在(zai)全球海(hai)域(yu)航行的各類船(chuan)舶。
船舶的排水量是什么意思
船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)的排(pai)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)是(shi)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)在一(yi)定狀態下的總(zong)(zong)重(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang),通常以噸(dun)為(wei)(wei)單位。船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)滿載時(shi)的總(zong)(zong)重(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)稱為(wei)(wei)滿載排(pai)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang),或(huo)(huo)重(zhong)(zhong)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang),船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)不(bu)裝載貨物時(shi)船(chuan)體和機艙等(deng)部分的總(zong)(zong)重(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)稱為(wei)(wei)空船(chuan)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang),或(huo)(huo)輕(qing)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang),如未指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)明時(shi),船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)的排(pai)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)多(duo)(duo)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)滿載排(pai)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。排(pai)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)是(shi)表示船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)噸(dun)位的眾(zhong)多(duo)(duo)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)標之一(yi),縮寫作DT(Displacement Tonnage),與(yu)凈噸(dun)位(NT)、總(zong)(zong)噸(dun)位(GT)或(huo)(huo)載重(zhong)(zhong)噸(dun)位(DWT)等(deng)是(shi)不(bu)同(tong)的概念(nian)。