船舶有哪些種類
船(chuan)舶分類方法(fa)很多(duo)，可按(an)用途、航行狀態、船(chuan)體數目、推(tui)進(jin)動力、推(tui)進(jin)器等分類。
按用途，船舶一般分為軍用和民用船舶兩大類。按船(chuan)(chuan)舶的航行狀態(tai)通常可分為排水型船(chuan)(chuan)舶、滑行艇、水翼艇和氣墊(dian)船(chuan)(chuan)。按船舶的船體數目可分為單體船和(he)多(duo)(duo)體船，在多(duo)(duo)體船型中雙體船較為多(duo)(duo)見。按(an)推(tui)進(jin)動(dong)力(li)可(ke)分(fen)為(wei)機(ji)動(dong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和非機(ji)動(dong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan) ，機(ji)動(dong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)按(an)推(tui)進(jin)主(zhu)機(ji)的類型又分(fen)為(wei)蒸汽機(ji)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(現(xian)已淘汰(tai))、汽輪(lun)(lun)機(ji)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、柴油機(ji)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、燃氣輪(lun)(lun)機(ji)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、聯合動(dong)力(li)裝置船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、電力(li)推(tui)進(jin)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、核(he)動(dong)力(li)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等。
按(an)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶推(tui)進器又可分為螺旋槳船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、噴(pen)水(shui)推(tui)進船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、噴(pen)氣推(tui)進船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、明輪(lun)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、平旋輪(lun)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等 ，空氣螺旋槳只用(yong)于少數氣墊船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)；按(an)機艙的位置(zhi)，有尾機型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(機艙在船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)的尾部(bu))，中機型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和中尾機型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)；按(an)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)體結構材料，有鋼(gang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、鋁合(he)金船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、木船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、鋼(gang)絲網水(shui)泥船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、玻(bo)璃鋼(gang)艇(ting)、橡皮艇(ting)、混合(he)結構船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等。
船舶的結構
船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)是由許多部分構成的(de)，按各(ge)部分的(de)作(zuo)用和(he)用途，可綜(zong)合歸納(na)為船(chuan)體、船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)動(dong)力(li)裝置、船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)電氣等三大部分。
現在市場上造船船舶工業品牌很多，且中國船(chuan)舶(bo)工業已(yi)能(neng)建造(zao)符合各大船(chuan)級(ji)社(she)的國際(ji)標(biao)準，在(zai)全(quan)球海(hai)域航行的各類船(chuan)舶(bo)。
船舶的排水量是什么意思
船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)的(de)排(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)量是指(zhi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)在(zai)一(yi)定(ding)狀(zhuang)態下(xia)的(de)總(zong)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量，通常以(yi)噸(dun)為單位。船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)滿載(zai)時的(de)總(zong)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量稱(cheng)為滿載(zai)排(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)量，或(huo)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)排(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)量，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)不裝載(zai)貨物時船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)體(ti)和機艙等(deng)部分的(de)總(zong)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量稱(cheng)為空船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)排(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)量，或(huo)輕排(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)量，如未指(zhi)明時，船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)的(de)排(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)量多(duo)指(zhi)滿載(zai)排(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)量。排(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)(shui)量是表示船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)噸(dun)位的(de)眾多(duo)指(zhi)標之一(yi)，縮(suo)寫作DT（Displacement Tonnage），與凈噸(dun)位（NT）、總(zong)噸(dun)位（GT）或(huo)載(zai)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)噸(dun)位（DWT）等(deng)是不同的(de)概念(nian)。
