在(zai)中(zhong)國(guo)科(ke)技發展史上，安(an)徽是一個重要的(de)地(di)區(qu)。這里曾經產生(sheng)過燦(can)爛(lan)的(de)古代科(ke)學(xue)文(wen)明，卓越的(de)科(ke)學(xue)技術成(cheng)就(jiu)和重要的(de)學(xue)術流派；涌現出許(xu)多(duo)天文(wen)學(xue)(歷學(xue))家、數(shu)學(xue)家、醫(yi)學(xue)家、物理學(xue)家、煉丹家(古化(hua)學(xue)家)、生(sheng)物學(xue)家，水利、農學(xue)等技術專家，以及(ji)各種能工巧(qiao)匠。安(an)徽的(de)科(ke)技成(cheng)就(jiu)，豐富了祖(zu)國(guo)的(de)科(ke)學(xue)文(wen)化(hua)寶庫。安(an)徽歷史上的(de)科(ke)學(xue)家，包括眾多(duo)的(de)無(wu)名英雄，對(dui)中(zhong)國(guo)以至世(shi)界(jie)科(ke)學(xue)技術的(de)發展，作(zuo)出了不(bu)可磨滅的(de)貢獻(xian)。

安徽著名科學家：數學(xue)(xue)方面(mian)著名(ming)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)士有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)合肥人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)楊(yang)武之、蕪湖人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)鐘(zhong)家(jia)(jia)慶(qing)、旌德(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)江(jiang)澤涵(han)、舒(shu)城人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)樊映川；物理(li)(li)學(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)桐(tong)城人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)孫(sun)德(de)和(he)、望江(jiang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)陳新民；工(gong)程(cheng)物理(li)(li)專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)望江(jiang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)何(he)祚庥、滁縣(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)陳學(xue)(xue)俊；物理(li)(li)數學(xue)(xue)專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)懷(huai)(huai)寧人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)鄧(deng)稼先(xian)；化(hua)學(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)阜陽人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)丁緒賢、懷(huai)(huai)寧人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)王星拱(gong)、舒(shu)城人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)劉(liu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)成(cheng)、涇縣(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)查全性；地學(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)廣(guang)德(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)許杰、當涂(tu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)徐(xu)仁、滁縣(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)阮維(wei)周、巢縣(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)徐(xu)克(ke)勤；生物學(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)和(he)縣(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)侯學(xue)(xue)煜、休寧人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)汪坤(kun)仁；氣象學(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)安慶(qing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)葉(xie)篤正；計算機(ji)專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)桐(tong)城人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)慈云桂；自動(dong)化(hua)專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)來安人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)陸元九；航天(tian)專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)寧國人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)任新民；光學(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)歙縣(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)鄭(zheng)復(fu)光；天(tian)文歷法有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)宣城人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)梅(mei)瑴成(cheng)、歙縣(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)程(cheng)瑤田；女科學(xue)(xue)家(jia)(jia)天(tian)長(chang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)王貞儀等。