【腰疼怎(zen)么(me)回(hui)事】腰痛的原因有(you)哪些 腰疼是怎(zen)么(me)回(hui)事
1.腰(yao)(yao)(yao)椎間(jian)(jian)(jian)盤突(tu)出癥(zheng)(zheng)(zheng):腰(yao)(yao)(yao)椎間(jian)(jian)(jian)盤突(tu)出癥(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)是(shi)目前(qian)骨科門診(zhen)常見的(de)(de)疾(ji)患,主(zhu)要是(shi)因(yin)為腰(yao)(yao)(yao)椎間(jian)(jian)(jian)盤,尤(you)其是(shi)髓核(he),有不同程度的(de)(de)退(tui)行性(xing)改變后(hou),在外力因(yin)素的(de)(de)作用下(xia),椎間(jian)(jian)(jian)盤的(de)(de)纖維環破(po)(po)裂,髓核(he)組織從(cong)破(po)(po)裂之處突(tu)出(或脫(tuo)出)于后(hou)方或椎管內,刺(ci)激或壓迫(po)相鄰脊神經(jing)根(gen)從(cong)而(er)產生腰(yao)(yao)(yao)部疼痛(tong)及(ji)一(yi)側下(xia)肢或雙下(xia)肢疼痛(tong)麻(ma)木癥(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)狀。腰(yao)(yao)(yao)椎間(jian)(jian)(jian)盤突(tu)出癥(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)以腰(yao)(yao)(yao)4-5、腰(yao)(yao)(yao)5-骶1發病率最高,約占95%。
2.腰(yao)椎骨(gu)折(zhe):外傷(shang)型(xing)多見于青(qing)壯年,老年患者多由骨(gu)質疏松(song)骨(gu)引(yin)起壓(ya)縮(suo)骨(gu)折(zhe)。
3.腰(yao)(yao)椎(zhui)(zhui)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脫(tuo):腰(yao)(yao)椎(zhui)(zhui)峽(xia)部(bu)(bu)系指(zhi)上、下(xia)(xia)關(guan)節突(tu)(tu)之間(jian)(jian)的(de)狹窄(zhai)部(bu)(bu)分(fen),此處骨(gu)(gu)質結(jie)構相對薄弱(ruo)。正(zheng)常腰(yao)(yao)椎(zhui)(zhui)有生理(li)前(qian)(qian)(qian)凸,骶(di)(di)椎(zhui)(zhui)呈生理(li)后凸,腰(yao)(yao)、骶(di)(di)椎(zhui)(zhui)交界處成為(wei)(wei)(wei)轉(zhuan)折(zhe)點(dian)。上方(fang)(fang)腰(yao)(yao)椎(zhui)(zhui)向(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)(qian)(qian)傾(qing)(qing)斜,下(xia)(xia)方(fang)(fang)的(de)骶(di)(di)骨(gu)(gu)則向(xiang)(xiang)后傾(qing)(qing)斜,因此,腰(yao)(yao)骶(di)(di)椎(zhui)(zhui)的(de)負重力(li)自然形成向(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)(qian)(qian)的(de)分(fen)力(li),使腰(yao)(yao)5有向(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)(qian)(qian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移的(de)傾(qing)(qing)向(xiang)(xiang)。正(zheng)常情況(kuang)下(xia)(xia),腰(yao)(yao)5下(xia)(xia)關(guan)節突(tu)(tu)和(he)周圍(wei)關(guan)節囊、韌帶的(de)力(li)量(liang)可限制此滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移傾(qing)(qing)向(xiang)(xiang),從而(er)使腰(yao)(yao)5峽(xia)部(bu)(bu)處于兩(liang)種力(li)量(liang)的(de)交點(dian),因此峽(xia)部(bu)(bu)容易發生崩裂,這也是腰(yao)(yao)5峽(xia)部(bu)(bu)崩裂最(zui)多的(de)理(li)由。峽(xia)部(bu)(bu)崩裂以(yi)后,椎(zhui)(zhui)弓分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)兩(liang)部(bu)(bu)分(fen),上部(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)上關(guan)節突(tu)(tu)、橫突(tu)(tu)、椎(zhui)(zhui)弓根(gen)、椎(zhui)(zhui)體(ti),仍與上方(fang)(fang)的(de)脊柱保持(chi)正(zheng)常聯系;下(xia)(xia)部(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)下(xia)(xia)關(guan)節突(tu)(tu)、椎(zhui)(zhui)板、棘突(tu)(tu),與下(xia)(xia)方(fang)(fang)的(de)骶(di)(di)椎(zhui)(zhui)保持(chi)聯系。兩(liang)部(bu)(bu)之間(jian)(jian)失(shi)去骨(gu)(gu)性聯結(jie),上部(bu)(bu)因失(shi)去限制而(er)向(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)(qian)(qian)移位,表現(xian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)椎(zhui)(zhui)體(ti)在下(xia)(xia)方(fang)(fang)椎(zhui)(zhui)體(ti)上向(xiang)(xiang)前(qian)(qian)(qian)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)移,稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)腰(yao)(yao)椎(zhui)(zhui)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脫(tuo)。
4.腰椎骨質(zhi)增生
5.脊柱側彎
6.腰椎腫瘤
7.腎結石
8.強直性脊柱炎
9.腰椎結核
10.腰椎椎管(guan)狹窄
11.腰背部肌肉(rou)損傷