一、電動車鋰電池充電方法
1、需在適宜的環境進行充電
鋰電池在會充(chong)電時(shi)是一個化學(xue)(xue)反應(ying)過(guo)程,鋰離子(zi)電池由高活性(xing)的(de)正極材料(liao)和(he)有機(ji)電解液組成,在受熱條件下非(fei)常容易發生劇烈的(de)化學(xue)(xue)副反應(ying),這種反應(ying)將產生大量(liang)的(de)熱,甚至導致的(de)“熱失控(kong)”,所以需要(yao)有一個通風透氣、陰涼、溫度適宜(yi)的(de)環境(jing)下進行充(chong)電散熱。
2、充電器要配套
充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)要與電(dian)(dian)池(chi)規(gui)格參數(shu)相匹配,電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車一般使(shi)用(yong)普遍的(de)三段(duan)(duan)(duan)式充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi),第(di)一個(ge)階段(duan)(duan)(duan)叫恒(heng)流(liu)階段(duan)(duan)(duan),第(di)二個(ge)階段(duan)(duan)(duan)叫恒(heng)壓階段(duan)(duan)(duan),第(di)三個(ge)階段(duan)(duan)(duan)叫涓流(liu)階段(duan)(duan)(duan)。從大電(dian)(dian)流(liu)到小電(dian)(dian)流(liu)進行充(chong)電(dian)(dian),好的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)也是會(hui)延(yan)長電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)壽命,盡量少用(yong)快充(chong),因為這在一定程度(du)上會(hui)破壞電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)結構性(xing)能。
3、充電時長要控制、要及時充電
當電(dian)(dian)動車電(dian)(dian)池剩余20%左(zuo)右時(shi)(shi),要及時(shi)(shi)充電(dian)(dian),以免電(dian)(dian)池過度放(fang)電(dian)(dian),放(fang)電(dian)(dian)過程也是一個(ge)硫化反(fan)應過程,硫化結晶聚積會影響電(dian)(dian)池的容量(liang)和(he)性能,充電(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)長(chang)控(kong)制在8~10小時(shi)(shi),因為正常情(qing)況8小時(shi)(shi)左(zuo)右應該就可以充滿電(dian)(dian)了(le),充電(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)長(chang)不(bu)宜過久。
另外騎行(xing)(xing)結束后不要立(li)即進(jin)行(xing)(xing)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian),此時電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)還在放電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態,應(ying)冷卻(que)半小時再進(jin)行(xing)(xing)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian),充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時插頭(tou)先(xian)插入電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)端,然后再接通電(dian)(dian)(dian)源。長期不使用(yong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)要每個月進(jin)行(xing)(xing)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)1~2次,盡量有電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態下放置存儲。
二、電動車鋰電池充電注意事項
1、首次充電
當我們剛買電(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)的時(shi)(shi)候(hou),需要(yao)對電(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)進行首次(ci)充電(dian),首次(ci)充電(dian)的時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)最好(hao)在(zai)(zai)8到(dao)(dao)12小時(shi)(shi)。因為從(cong)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)出廠開(kai)始,到(dao)(dao)我們手里中間(jian)(jian)有一(yi)段時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian),那一(yi)段時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)的電(dian)瓶(ping)會(hui)自己放電(dian),所以我們在(zai)(zai)拿(na)到(dao)(dao)新(xin)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)時(shi)(shi),應(ying)該對電(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)進行首次(ci)充電(dian)。
2、正確把握充電時間
在我(wo)(wo)們使(shi)用電(dian)動車的(de)(de)過程中,要根據我(wo)(wo)們使(shi)用的(de)(de)實際情況(kuang),來把握好鋰電(dian)池的(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)時間(jian)和(he)次(ci)數。一般情況(kuang)下,如果電(dian)量表上(shang)的(de)(de)紅(hong)燈和(he)黃燈指示亮了,就代(dai)表需要充(chong)電(dian)了,如果只(zhi)有紅(hong)燈亮的(de)(de)情況(kuang)下,我(wo)(wo)們應該立即停車充(chong)電(dian),否(fou)則容易導致電(dian)瓶使(shi)用壽(shou)命減短。
3、充電時避免插頭發熱
如果插(cha)頭(tou)出現松動(dong)等問題,會導致插(cha)頭(tou)發(fa)熱,如果發(fa)熱的時間過長(chang),就會導致插(cha)頭(tou)短路或者(zhe)是(shi)接觸不良(liang),這是(shi)對充電(dian)器和電(dian)池的雙重傷害,所以我們(men)在充電(dian)的時候(hou)要(yao)注意(yi)避免這樣的問題。
4、部分放電,不能過放電
我們(men)要經常對鋰電(dian)池(chi)進行部分放(fang)電(dian),但是一定要注意不能過(guo)放(fang)電(dian),而(er)且要避(bi)免完全放(fang)電(dian)的(de)情況,過(guo)放(fang)電(dian)會給電(dian)池(chi)帶來嚴(yan)重的(de)后果,反復的(de)過(guo)放(fang)電(dian)對電(dian)池(chi)的(de)影響非常大。
5、充電要規律
在我(wo)們使(shi)(shi)(shi)用的(de)過(guo)程中,最(zui)好是每次使(shi)(shi)(shi)用過(guo)后都(dou)對電動(dong)車(che)進行補(bu)電,或者是充(chong)(chong)電,因為規(gui)律(lv)地給電池充(chong)(chong)電會(hui)使(shi)(shi)(shi)電瓶的(de)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用壽命更加的(de)長久。