一、儲能變流器的工作原理

儲能變流器的(de)(de)工作原(yuan)理是(shi)交(jiao)、直流側可(ke)控(kong)的(de)(de)四象限運(yun)行的(de)(de)變流裝置，實現對電(dian)(dian)能(neng)的(de)(de)交(jiao)直流雙向轉換。該(gai)原(yuan)理就是(shi)通過微網(wang)監控(kong)指令進(jin)行恒功(gong)率(lv)或(huo)恒流控(kong)制(zhi)，給電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)或(huo)放電(dian)(dian)，同時平滑風電(dian)(dian)、太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)等(deng)波(bo)動(dong)性電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)輸(shu)出。PCS采用雙閉環控(kong)制(zhi)和SPWM脈沖調制(zhi)方法，能(neng)夠(gou)精確(que)快速地調節輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)壓、頻率(lv)、有功(gong)和無功(gong)功(gong)率(lv)。

PCS儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)變流器可(ke)以通過快速的電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)存儲(chu)來響應(ying)負(fu)荷的波動(dong)(dong)(dong)，吸收多(duo)余(yu)的能(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)或(huo)補(bu)充(chong)缺額的能(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)，實現(xian)大功率(lv)(lv)的動(dong)(dong)(dong)態調(diao)節(jie)，很好地適應(ying)頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)調(diao)節(jie)和電(dian)(dian)壓功率(lv)(lv)因數的校正，從而提高(gao)系統運行(xing)的穩定性。廣(guang)泛(fan)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)力(li)系統、軌道交(jiao)通、軍工、石油機械、新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源汽車、風力(li)發電(dian)(dian)、太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)光伏(fu)等領域，在電(dian)(dian)網削(xue)峰填谷、平滑新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源波動(dong)(dong)(dong)，能(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)回收利用(yong)(yong)等場合實現(xian)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)雙向流動(dong)(dong)(dong)，對電(dian)(dian)網電(dian)(dian)壓頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)主動(dong)(dong)(dong)支撐，提高(gao)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)質量(liang)(liang)。

與常規(gui)電(dian)源(yuan)相比，大規(gui)模儲能電(dian)站能夠(gou)適應(ying)負荷(he)的快(kuai)速變化，對提(ti)高電(dian)力系統(tong)安全穩定運行水平、電(dian)網(wang)供(gong)電(dian)質(zhi)量和(he)可靠性起到了(le)重要(yao)作(zuo)用，同(tong)時還可以優化電(dian)源(yuan)結構，實現綠色環保，達到電(dian)力系統(tong)的總體節能降耗，提(ti)高總體的經濟(ji)效益。

二、儲能變流器的作用和優勢

1、突破天氣變化的局限性

由于(yu)儲(chu)能(neng)變(bian)流(liu)器能(neng)夠將交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)轉換為直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)儲(chu)存在蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)內，并在斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后將蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)內的直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)轉換為交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)供用戶使用，這(zhe)就在很大程度上降低(di)了天氣狀(zhuang)況對發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)性(xing)的影響，能(neng)夠大大提升電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)的穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)性(xing)和品質。

2、擁有更高的用電效率

與并(bing)(bing)網光伏逆(ni)變(bian)器相比，儲能變(bian)流器用(yong)電(dian)效率更高，不(bu)僅(jin)能夠突破(po)天氣(qi)狀況、時間(jian)等局限性，解決并(bing)(bing)網光伏逆(ni)變(bian)器存(cun)在的(de)問題，還(huan)能為用(yong)戶提供更加穩定、持久的(de)電(dian)能，避免用(yong)電(dian)系統故障(zhang)帶來的(de)不(bu)便和麻煩，這也是更多用(yong)戶選擇這種逆(ni)變(bian)器的(de)重要原因所在。

3、擁有較高的穩定性

在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)系(xi)統故障的(de)情況下，儲(chu)能變(bian)流(liu)器(qi)能夠(gou)將儲(chu)存的(de)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)直接轉換(huan)為(wei)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)系(xi)統使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，受外(wai)界因(yin)素的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)較小，能夠(gou)大(da)大(da)降低用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)成本，具有較高的(de)穩(wen)定性。當(dang)處于用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)高峰期(qi)時(shi)，儲(chu)能變(bian)流(liu)器(qi)會將太陽能直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)轉換(huan)為(wei)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)并入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)供(gong)廣大(da)用(yong)(yong)戶使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，而(er)處于用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)低谷期(qi)時(shi)，儲(chu)能變(bian)流(liu)器(qi)又會將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)中(zhong)的(de)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)轉換(huan)為(wei)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)儲(chu)存起來(lai)，能夠(gou)實現直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)雙向轉換(huan)，而(er)且(qie)能夠(gou)為(wei)斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)的(de)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)提供(gong)強有力的(de)保障。

除了以上作用外，儲能變流器還具有能夠為電網提供更加穩定、諧波含量較少的純凈電流，這不僅符合當今社會節能減排的趨勢和要求，更加提升了電網的穩定性和品質。總而言之，儲能變流器能夠突破傳統光伏逆變器的局限性，為電網系統提供高品質的電能的同時，還能降低用電成本，提高用電效率，這些優勢和作用也是儲能變流器能夠在市場上(shang)占(zhan)據一定(ding)優勢的前(qian)提和保(bao)障(zhang)。