一、直線電機和旋轉電機的區別

旋轉電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)是(shi)指能(neng)(neng)夠將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)轉化為(wei)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)能(neng)(neng)，實(shi)現旋轉運(yun)動(dong)(dong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)，包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、步(bu)進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)等。直線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)則是(shi)指能(neng)(neng)夠將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)轉化為(wei)直線運(yun)動(dong)(dong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)，其工作原理是(shi)利用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁力將(jiang)線圈推(tui)動(dong)(dong)沿(yan)直線運(yun)動(dong)(dong)，包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)直線同步(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、線性(xing)感(gan)應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)等。

旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)與(yu)直(zhi)線電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的區別(bie)在于運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)方(fang)式不同。旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)通過(guo)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)來完成(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)作，而直(zhi)線電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)則是通過(guo)直(zhi)線運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)來完成(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)作。此外(wai)，旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)通常需要(yao)通過(guo)傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置將(jiang)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)轉(zhuan)化為機(ji)(ji)(ji)械工(gong)作，而直(zhi)線電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)則不需要(yao)傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置，直(zhi)接(jie)將(jiang)電(dian)能轉(zhuan)化為直(zhi)線運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。

旋轉電(dian)(dian)機(ji)的應(ying)用(yong)(yong)非常廣(guang)泛，包(bao)括電(dian)(dian)動汽車、機(ji)器(qi)人、家(jia)電(dian)(dian)、工(gong)業(ye)自動化等(deng)領域。而直(zhi)(zhi)線電(dian)(dian)機(ji)則主要應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于高速列車、電(dian)(dian)梯、醫療器(qi)械、印刷機(ji)等(deng)需要直(zhi)(zhi)線運動的場合(he)。此外，直(zhi)(zhi)線電(dian)(dian)機(ji)還(huan)可以(yi)用(yong)(yong)于制造機(ji)器(qi)人、機(ji)床等(deng)高精(jing)度(du)設備。

二、直線電機與旋轉電機性能比較

直線(xian)電機與旋轉電機相比，主要有(you)如下幾(ji)個特點：

1、結構簡單

由于直(zhi)線電(dian)機不需(xu)要(yao)把旋(xuan)轉運動(dong)變成(cheng)直(zhi)線運動(dong)的附(fu)加裝置，因而使得系統本身的結(jie)構(gou)大(da)為簡化，重量(liang)和體積大(da)大(da)下降。

2、定位精度高

在需要直線運動的(de)地方(fang)，直線電機可(ke)以實現直接傳動，因而可(ke)以消(xiao)除中(zhong)間環節(jie)所帶來的(de)各種定(ding)位(wei)誤差，故定(ding)位(wei)精度高，如采用微機控制，則(ze)還可(ke)以大大地提高整(zheng)個系(xi)統的(de)定(ding)位(wei)精度。

3、反應速度快、靈敏度高，隨動性好

直線電機容易做(zuo)到其動子(zi)用磁(ci)懸浮(fu)支撐(cheng)，因而(er)使得動子(zi)和定(ding)子(zi)之(zhi)間(jian)始終保(bao)持一定(ding)的氣隙而(er)不接觸，這就(jiu)消(xiao)除(chu)了(le)定(ding)、動子(zi)間(jian)的接觸摩擦阻力(li)，因而(er)大大地提高了(le)系(xi)統(tong)的靈敏度(du)、快速性(xing)和隨動性(xing)。

4、工作安全可靠、壽命長

直線電機可以(yi)實現(xian)無接觸(chu)傳遞(di)力，機械摩擦損(sun)耗幾乎為(wei)零，所以(yi)故(gu)障少(shao)，免維修，因而工作(zuo)安全可靠、壽命長。