一、液壓機原理是什么
液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)是以(yi)(yi)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體為(wei)工(gong)作介質，用(yong)于傳(chuan)(chuan)遞能量(liang)以(yi)(yi)實現各種工(gong)藝的(de)(de)工(gong)業機(ji)(ji)械設(she)備，它應(ying)用(yong)的(de)(de)原理(li)是帕(pa)斯卡(ka)原理(li)。帕(pa)斯卡(ka)原理(li)又(you)稱(cheng)帕(pa)斯卡(ka)定律，是流體靜力(li)(li)學(xue)的(de)(de)一條定律，其指出(chu)，不可壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮靜止(zhi)流體中任一點(dian)受(shou)外(wai)力(li)(li)產生壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)強增(zeng)值后，此壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)強增(zeng)值瞬時(shi)間傳(chuan)(chuan)至靜止(zhi)流體各點(dian)。液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)就是根據這一原理(li)發(fa)明(ming)的(de)(de)。液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)工(gong)作時(shi)，油泵把(ba)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油輸送(song)到集(ji)成插裝閥塊(kuai)，通過各個單(dan)向閥和溢(yi)流閥把(ba)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油分(fen)配到油缸的(de)(de)上腔(qiang)或者下腔(qiang)，在高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油的(de)(de)作用(yong)下，使油缸進行運動(dong)。簡(jian)單(dan)來說，液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)就是通過液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體來傳(chuan)(chuan)遞壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)，從而驅動(dong)動(dong)力(li)(li)結構做功的(de)(de)。
二、液壓機多少錢一臺
液壓機是依據帕斯卡原理制成的工業機械，主要用于鍛壓加工，很多場所都會用到液壓機，包括汽車、航空、航天和管道等行業。一般來說，一臺液壓機的價格主要看它的噸位、結構、品牌、用途、型號規格等方面，價格并不是固定的，便宜的小型液壓機兩三千元一臺的也有，兩三萬元一臺的也有，貴的還有十幾萬元甚至幾十萬元一臺的。選購液壓機時，要注意根據需要考慮液壓機類型、規格選擇，選擇靠譜的液壓機品牌廠家，有條(tiao)件的話盡量(liang)實地(di)考察并試機。
三、液壓機型號及參數
1、液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機型號(hao)：液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機在鍛(duan)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機械標準(zhun)ZBJ-62030—90中屬于(yu)第二類，代(dai)號(hao)為(wei) “Y”，故設備型號(hao)以(yi)漢語拼音 “Y”字(zi)母開頭(tou)。一般液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機的(de)型號(hao)用數字(zi)和字(zi)母表(biao)(biao)示，比如“Y32A-315A”表(biao)(biao)示公稱(cheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)為(wei)3150kN，經過1次改進、1次變(bian)型的(de)四(si)柱式萬能液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機。2、液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機參(can)數：液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機的(de)主要技術參(can)數有(you)：（1）公稱(cheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)，液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機能產生的(de)最大(da)力(li)量，等(deng)于(yu)工(gong)(gong)作液(ye)體壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)和工(gong)(gong)作柱塞總工(gong)(gong)作面(mian)積(ji)的(de)乘(cheng)積(ji)。（2）最大(da)凈(jing)空距(ju)，即活(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)橫梁停(ting)在上限位置(zhi)時(shi)，從(cong)工(gong)(gong)作臺(tai)上表(biao)(biao)面(mian)到(dao)活(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)橫梁下表(biao)(biao)面(mian)的(de)距(ju)離(li)。（3）最大(da)行程(cheng)，即活(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)橫梁能夠(gou)移動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)最大(da)距(ju)離(li)。（4）工(gong)(gong)作臺(tai)尺(chi)寸(cun)，工(gong)(gong)作臺(tai)上安放模具，其尺(chi)寸(cun)反映了工(gong)(gong)作臺(tai)能夠(gou)容(rong)納(na)的(de)模具的(de)水平(ping)空間的(de)大(da)小。此外，液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機參(can)數還有(you)回程(cheng)力(li)、活(huo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)橫梁運動(dong)(dong)(dong)速度、允許(xu)最大(da)偏心距(ju)等(deng)參(can)數。
四、油壓機安全操作規程
液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機是(shi)以液(ye)體為(wei)工(gong)(gong)作介(jie)質的(de)，因為(wei)常(chang)用(yong)的(de)液(ye)體是(shi)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)，因此也(ye)稱油(you)(you)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機，油(you)(you)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機操(cao)作過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)需要(yao)嚴格遵(zun)循安全(quan)操(cao)作規程(cheng)：1、操(cao)作者應熟悉(xi)油(you)(you)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機的(de)一般(ban)性能(neng)和(he)結構(gou)，禁(jin)止超(chao)負荷使(shi)用(yong)。2、使(shi)用(yong)前(qian)，應按規定潤滑(hua)加油(you)(you)，檢查高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵、壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)表、各種閥、密封圈等是(shi)否(fou)正常(chang)。3、開機前(qian)，應檢查模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)是(shi)否(fou)配(pei)(pei)套，料重是(shi)否(fou)符合要(yao)求，稱料工(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)是(shi)否(fou)準確。4、壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制時，模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)必(bi)須放(fang)在墊板中(zhong)心位(wei)置(zhi)，禁(jin)止偏心使(shi)用(yong)。每班開機前(qian)，試壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)后，應檢查一次模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)是(shi)否(fou)有裂損。5、多人(ren)操(cao)作時，要(yao)有專(zhuan)人(ren)開機，相(xiang)互協調配(pei)(pei)合。6、嚴禁(jin)將手(shou)、頭置(zhi)于模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)與壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)頭之間。7、工(gong)(gong)作完(wan)畢(bi)，應將壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制品、工(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)、模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)整(zheng)理好(hao)并(bing)放(fang)到指定地方(fang)。
