南溪山,因山有白龍洞,又名白龍山,它有東西兩峰,彼此并列,聳拔千尺,北面的峭壁,山石潔白。雨后新晴,云霧初開,陽光照映在山石上,會發射出耀眼的光彩。“聳(song)峭(qiao)南(nan)溪山(shan),何年辟仙(xian)境。龍巖孕(yun)玉泉,碧(bi)漾清(qing)溪影。芳藻映光(guang)輝,波入雉山(shan)靜。雨霽試新茶,游人爭汲綆。”清(qing)代桂林著(zhu)名畫家、詩人朱樹德這樣(yang)生動地描繪了南(nan)溪山(shan)的神奇(qi)意境。《臨(lin)桂(gui)(gui)縣志》記載:“南溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan),縣南五里,聳(song)拔千尺,煙翠浮空(kong),其溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)東注漓(li)(li)江(jiang)。”“以(yi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)在郡南,因曰為(wei)南溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)”,“山(shan)(shan)(shan)以(yi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)名(ming)”故(gu)(gu)名(ming)南溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)。又因山(shan)(shan)(shan)有(you)白(bai)(bai)龍(long)洞(dong),故(gu)(gu)名(ming)白(bai)(bai)龍(long)山(shan)(shan)(shan)。南溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)河縈繞北麓,注入漓(li)(li)江(jiang)。南溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)雨(yu)后新晴,云霧初散,艷陽映照,光(guang)(guang)彩(cai)耀目。清代光(guang)(guang)緒(xu)十七(qi)年(1891年)朱(zhu)樹德將(jiang)“南溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)新霽(ji)(ji)”列(lie)為(wei)桂(gui)(gui)林(lin)(lin)續八景(jing)之一,并(bing)(bing)賦詩贊道:“聳(song)峭南溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan),何年辟(pi)仙(xian)境(jing)。龍(long)巖(yan)孕(yun)(yun)玉泉(quan),碧漾(yang)深溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)影。芳(fang)藻映光(guang)(guang)輝,波入雉山(shan)(shan)(shan)靜。雨(yu)霽(ji)(ji)試(shi)新茶,游人爭(zheng)汲綆。”桂(gui)(gui)林(lin)(lin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)石(shi)多呈青黛色(se)(se),唯有(you)南溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)石(shi)東西兩峰并(bing)(bing)列(lie)聳(song)峙,山(shan)(shan)(shan)石(shi)泛(fan)白(bai)(bai),凌空(kong)壁(bi)立,峭拔險峻,孕(yun)(yun)翠含煙,嵐(lan)彩(cai)撲人,猶如兩扇白(bai)(bai)色(se)(se)屏(ping)風,矗(chu)立于桂(gui)(gui)林(lin)(lin)城南。“南溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)玉屏(ping)”為(wei)桂(gui)(gui)林(lin)(lin)新二十四景(jing)之一。
景區山、水、洞、泉俱全,自然條件優越,早在一千多年前的唐代,著名詩人李渤在桂林任地方官時,就著手開發為風景區。經過歷代修耷,吏臻完善。在南溪河上,橫架單拱雙曲式仿古橋,橋上建有橋亭,橋邊有白龍泉。泉水明凈,相傳古時曾用這泉水作為上貢皇帝沏茶之用,因而稱“貢泉”。橋之下游數十米處有金蓮島,島上修建了曲橋與江岸相連,供游人自由往來觀景。據地質學家分析(xi),南(nan)溪(xi)山(shan)屬純凈厚層(ceng)石灰巖(yan),幾百萬年前與斗(dou)雞(ji)山(shan)、羅(luo)漢(han)山(shan)同體,后(hou)受水(shui)流不斷(duan)地溶(rong)蝕(shi),逐漸分割成孤峰。這條水(shui)流即(ji)后(hou)來形成的南(nan)溪(xi)河。山(shan)的北面被南(nan)溪(xi)河環繞,溪(xi)繞著山(shan)注入漓(li)江。南(nan)溪(xi)公園,溪(xi)上風雨橋,橋南(nan)“白(bai)龍泉(quan)”,相傳為(wei)“貢泉(quan)”,曾以泉(quan)水(shui)進貢給皇帝(di)飲用(yong)。
桂林八景(jing)之一“南溪新(xin)霽(ji)”就是在(zai)雨(yu)后新(xin)晴,云(yun)霧初散時(shi),由于北(bei)面的峭壁山(shan)石潔白,陽光照映在(zai)山(shan)石上,會反射出耀眼的光彩。因(yin)為(wei)兩峰(feng)相對,這時(shi)象玉屏一般,故(gu)稱“南溪玉屏”,“南溪玉屏”也(ye)為(wei)桂林二十四景(jing)之一。
白(bai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)泉(quan)位于南溪山的北麓,與南溪河相(xiang)鄰(lin)的山坡側,有(you)地下水自白(bai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)池中出(chu)。其旁的石壁上有(you)“白(bai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)泉(quan)”三個(ge)大(da)字。白(bai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)泉(quan)的水質甘美而且(qie)清冽,古代列為(wei)貢品(pin),故白(bai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)泉(quan)又稱“貢泉(quan)”。相(xiang)傳用白(bai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)泉(quan)水泡茶(cha),一段時間后揭(jie)開碗(wan)蓋,水氣(qi)如白(bai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)一般從(cong)碗(wan)里升騰而起。
白(bai)龍(long)洞(dong)是(shi)南溪(xi)山(shan)最(zui)(zui)(zui)高(gao)最(zui)(zui)(zui)大的洞(dong)穴,白(bai)龍(long)泉南便是(shi)白(bai)龍(long)洞(dong)的入口(kou),洞(dong)與鍋底洞(dong)南北(bei)相通(tong),位于(yu)南溪(xi)山(shan)西北(bei)山(shan)腰處,洞(dong)口(kou)于(yu)山(shan)體北(bei)麓。洞(dong)口(kou)上方有(you)石鐘乳下(xia)垂(chui),形似龍(long)頭(tou)。相傳是(shi)當初把漓江(jiang)整治(zhi)得清澈如(ru)鏡的白(bai)龍(long),因直諫而冒(mao)犯了龍(long)王,被拘囚在(zai)這里留下(xia)的身影,洞(dong)由此得名。洞(dong)高(gao)32米(mi)(mi)、寬(kuan)12米(mi)(mi),最(zui)(zui)(zui)高(gao)、最(zui)(zui)(zui)寬(kuan)處均為(wei)23米(mi)(mi),長499.5米(mi)(mi),面(mian)積1828平方米(mi)(mi)。洞(dong)中(zhong)刻有(you)《留別南溪(xi)》為(wei)人們(men)所(suo)傳誦。元巖(yan)在(zai)白(bai)龍(long)洞(dong)口(kou)上方,內有(you)左右兩道(dao)(dao)(dao)。右道(dao)(dao)(dao)與穿云(yun)巖(yan)南北(bei)對穿;左道(dao)(dao)(dao)蜿蜒曲折,通(tong)往(wang)半山(shan)腰的龍(long)脊(ji)坳(ao)。
龍(long)脊(ji)(ji)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)1958年初建,1959年重新設(she)計(ji),建于南(nan)溪山兩(liang)峰(feng)(feng)之(zhi)間的(de)凹處(被稱(cheng)為(wei)龍(long)脊(ji)(ji)坳),憑欄眺望,市區(qu)的(de)大部分景(jing)色、山水(shui)風光,盡收眼底。亭(ting)(ting)(ting)呈“中”型,仿古而建。主亭(ting)(ting)(ting)為(wei)8柱、單檐(yan)、翹角長方(fang)亭(ting)(ting)(ting),兩(liang)側為(wei)附(fu)亭(ting)(ting)(ting),各傍兩(liang)峰(feng)(feng)石壁(bi),總面積83平方(fang)米。上(shang)山必須要經過此亭(ting)(ting)(ting),亭(ting)(ting)(ting)南(nan)可(ke)看(kan)到斗雞諸(zhu)峰(feng)(feng),亭(ting)(ting)(ting)東可(ke)看(kan)到漓(li)江南(nan)瀉,亭(ting)(ting)(ting)西的(de)西峰(feng)(feng)則高接天漢,被稱(cheng)為(wei)是游南(nan)溪必看(kan)之(zhi)地。
龍脊(ji)洞(dong)位于南溪山西峰東邊山腹中(zhong),離龍脊(ji)坳不遠(yuan),洞(dong)高(gao)30米,寬9米,深288米,洞(dong)底面積1500平(ping)方米,是發(fa)育得最(zui)早的巖洞(dong),大約(yue)在百(bai)萬(wan)年(nian)前就(jiu)開始(shi)被溶蝕。洞(dong)內乳石遍布,形成景(jing)觀,主要有雜技舞臺、高(gao)山深谷等景(jing)點。出此洞(dong)即(ji)可到達龍脊(ji)亭。
11路(lu)、33路(lu)直達南溪山。
桂(gui)林市區南,將軍橋側,北距(ju)火(huo)車站約(yue)1公里。