崔府君廟,第七批(pi)全國重點文物保護(hu)單位,位于長子縣城東大街長子一中院內(nei),坐北朝南。據《潞安府志(zhi)》和現存(cun)各(ge)版長子縣志(zhi)以及廟內(nei)現存(cun)題銘記(ji)載,崔府君廟創建年(nian)(nian)代不詳,從現有(you)資料分析,不晚于北宋大觀(guan)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(1108),此后(hou)歷代均有(you)修葺。原有(you)山門(men)、舞樓(lou)、獻殿、大殿、寢宮等建筑,現僅存(cun)大殿。
大(da)殿(dian)為金代遺構(gou),磚石臺基,面闊(kuo)五間(jian),進深八(ba)椽,單檐(yan)歇山筒瓦屋頂,琉(liu)璃屋脊。四(si)椽栿(fa)搭前、后乳栿(fa)用四(si)柱。檐(yan)下柱頭(tou)斗(dou)拱及補間(jian)斗(dou)拱均(jun)為五鋪作雙(shuang)下昂(ang)。
大(da)殿檐下(xia)(xia)斗拱(gong)分(fen)布不對稱,前檐逐間(jian)(jian)施(shi)一朵補間(jian)(jian)鋪(pu)作(zuo),兩山及后檐無補間(jian)(jian)鋪(pu)作(zuo)。斗拱(gong)均為五鋪(pu)作(zuo)計心重(zhong)栱,柱頭鋪(pu)作(zuo)出雙杪(miao),補間(jian)(jian)鋪(pu)作(zuo)出單杪(miao)單下(xia)(xia)昂。后檐斗拱(gong)有修繕時(shi)添加構件,反映了歷代(dai)的維護與重(zhong)修。
崔(cui)(cui)(cui)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)君(jun)(jun)廟因(yin)奉祀(si)的(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)神崔(cui)(cui)(cui)玨(jue),尊稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)崔(cui)(cui)(cui)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)君(jun)(jun),故(gu)得名(ming)(ming)崔(cui)(cui)(cui)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)君(jun)(jun)廟,簡(jian)稱(cheng)(cheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)君(jun)(jun)廟,又因(yin)本廟坐(zuo)落于長(chang)(chang)(chang)子(zi)(zi)縣(xian)城東大街路(lu)北,所(suo)以(yi)全稱(cheng)(cheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)子(zi)(zi)縣(xian)崔(cui)(cui)(cui)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)君(jun)(jun)廟。府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)君(jun)(jun)在(zai)古代主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)有(you)(you)三(san)層含義:一、舊時(shi)子(zi)(zi)孫對其先(xian)世的(de)(de)敬稱(cheng)(cheng)。這一稱(cheng)(cheng)謂(wei)(wei)在(zai)長(chang)(chang)(chang)子(zi)(zi)縣(xian)則是(shi)(shi)專(zhuan)指先(xian)父(fu)(fu)(fu)。長(chang)(chang)(chang)子(zi)(zi)人(ren)至(zhi)(zhi)今還保留著父(fu)(fu)(fu)親(qin)去世后,在(zai)父(fu)(fu)(fu)親(qin)棺木(mu)小頭上(shang)(shang)(shang)書寫“先(xian)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)君(jun)(jun)某(mou)公(gong)諱某(mou)某(mou)之(zhi)靈位”規(gui)制的(de)(de)傳統,所(suo)以(yi)在(zai)長(chang)(chang)(chang)子(zi)(zi)提(ti)到(dao)(dao)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)君(jun)(jun),一般人(ren)會首先(xian)想到(dao)(dao)父(fu)(fu)(fu)親(qin)。二、對部(bu)分神靈的(de)(de)敬稱(cheng)(cheng),但陰(yin)界的(de)(de)神靈似乎用的(de)(de)更(geng)多一些,如:泰山府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)君(jun)(jun),崔(cui)(cui)(cui)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)君(jun)(jun)。三(san)、漢(han)朝(chao)時(shi)期稱(cheng)(cheng)太(tai)(tai)守為(wei)(wei)(wei)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)君(jun)(jun)。有(you)(you)研究者稱(cheng)(cheng)現(xian)在(zai)廣(guang)受(shou)崇拜且在(zai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)黨(dang)地(di)(di)區影(ying)響深(shen)遠的(de)(de)崔(cui)(cui)(cui)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)君(jun)(jun)身上(shang)(shang)(shang),至(zhi)(zhi)少糅合了(le)三(san)個(ge)崔(cui)(cui)(cui)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)君(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)原型。一是(shi)(shi)東漢(han)汲(ji)縣(xian)令(ling)(ling)崔(cui)(cui)(cui)瑗崔(cui)(cui)(cui)子(zi)(zi)玉。《太(tai)(tai)平御覽》中(zhong)(zhong)說:“崔(cui)(cui)(cui)瑗為(wei)(wei)(wei)汲(ji)令(ling)(ling),乃為(wei)(wei)(wei)開(kai)溝(gou)造稻田(tian),薄鹵之(zhi)地(di)(di)更(geng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)沃(wo)壤(rang),民(min)賴其利(li)。”二是(shi)(shi)唐滏陽(yang)令(ling)(ling)崔(cui)(cui)(cui)某(mou)(名(ming)(ming)字佚失)。北宋《仁宗(zong)實錄》云:“府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)君(jun)(jun),貞(zhen)觀(guan)中(zhong)(zhong),為(wei)(wei)(wei)相州滏陽(yang)令(ling)(ling),再(zai)遷蒲州刺史。史失其名(ming)(ming),在(zai)滏陽(yang)有(you)(you)愛(ai)(ai)惠(hui)(hui),民(min)為(wei)(wei)(wei)立祠。”三(san)是(shi)(shi)唐代長(chang)(chang)(chang)子(zi)(zi)令(ling)(ling)崔(cui)(cui)(cui)玨(jue)。金元(yuan)(yuan)名(ming)(ming)家元(yuan)(yuan)好問所(suo)撰《崔(cui)(cui)(cui)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)君(jun)(jun)廟記(ji)》說:“唐崔(cui)(cui)(cui)子(zi)(zi)玉府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)君(jun)(jun)祠,太(tai)(tai)宗(zong)時(shi),為(wei)(wei)(wei)長(chang)(chang)(chang)子(zi)(zi)令(ling)(ling),有(you)(you)惠(hui)(hui)愛(ai)(ai)之(zhi)風,本道采訪使與(yu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)子(zi)(zi)尉(wei)劉(liu)內行弗俻,且有(you)(you)贓(zang)賕(qiu)之(zhi)鄙。時(shi)縣(xian)有(you)(you)名(ming)(ming)虎(hu),府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)君(jun)(jun)謂(wei)(wei)二人(ren)者宜當之(zhi),已(yi)而(er)果然。及一孝子(zi)(zi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)所(suo)食,乃以(yi)牒攝虎(hu)至(zhi)(zhi),使服罪,一縣(xian)以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)神,而(er)廟事之(zhi)。世所(suo)傳,蓋如此。”從以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)記(ji)述(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)可(ke)以(yi)看(kan)出,汲(ji)縣(xian)令(ling)(ling)的(de)(de)崔(cui)(cui)(cui)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)君(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)善政,是(shi)(shi)開(kai)溝(gou)引水和造田(tian),即使鹽堿地(di)(di)也經(jing)過改造成為(wei)(wei)(wei)肥沃(wo)土(tu)地(di)(di);滏陽(yang)令(ling)(ling)的(de)(de)崔(cui)(cui)(cui)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)君(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)功業是(shi)(shi)多有(you)(you)愛(ai)(ai)民(min)、惠(hui)(hui)民(min)之(zhi)舉;長(chang)(chang)(chang)子(zi)(zi)令(ling)(ling)的(de)(de)崔(cui)(cui)(cui)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)君(jun)(jun)突出功績是(shi)(shi),惠(hui)(hui)愛(ai)(ai)于民(min),并將吃掉孝子(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)兇虎(hu)抓拿(na)歸(gui)案(an),審其罪,判其刑,暗喻(yu)鐵(tie)面無私(si),執法嚴(yan)明。