簡介
厙(she)(she)公(gong)(gong)(gong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)位于佘山(shan)(shan)(shan)鎮境內,鳳(feng)(feng)凰山(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)南,在縣城北約11.5公(gong)(gong)(gong)里。因其(qi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)形如(ru)書軸(zhou),正當鳳(feng)(feng)嘴,古人(ren)將厙(she)(she)公(gong)(gong)(gong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)比作一(yi)(yi)軸(zhou)寶書,與鳳(feng)(feng)凰山(shan)(shan)(shan)一(yi)(yi)起喻為(wei)“丹鳳(feng)(feng)銜書”。清諸嗣(si)郢《九峰詠》載:“秦時亢桑子(zi)(厙(she)(she)公(gong)(gong)(gong))隱居于此,乃(nai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)名之(zhi)源。”厙(she)(she)公(gong)(gong)(gong)著有《亢桑子(zi)》三卷。原九峰第二峰為(wei)陸寶山(shan)(shan)(shan),與厙(she)(she)公(gong)(gong)(gong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)隔溪(xi)相(xiang)對,石少(shao)土美,人(ren)爭(zheng)取之(zhi),明代即(ji)已夷為(wei)平(ping)陸,后人(ren)乃(nai)以厙(she)(she)公(gong)(gong)(gong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)代陸寶山(shan)(shan)(shan)列為(wei)第二峰。山(shan)(shan)(shan)高(gao)約10米,周長(chang)約半公(gong)(gong)(gong)里,山(shan)(shan)(shan)地面積20畝,為(wei)九峰中(zhong)最小(xiao)的(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)丘。厙(she)(she)公(gong)(gong)(gong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)體雖(sui)矮小(xiao),無巖壑之(zhi)幽,但林木茂盛,也自玲瓏(long)可愛。
歷史文化
在(zai)山之陰曾有(you)藏書岺,山腰有(you)洗(xi)鶴灘(tan)、鼓琴磯、采藥徑(jing)、放鹿亭,山麓有(you)覽(lan)德坡、白雪庵和聚星崖,山下有(you)旗(qi)桿石、陸寶村等。厙公(gong)山歷代名人(ren)輩出,這里(li)既是(shi)秦時亢桑子(厙公(gong))隱居(ju)之地,又是(shi)陶宗儀攜(xie)客飲酒吟(yin)詩處。在(zai)古(gu)時,僅(jin)山上百(bai)年以(yi)上古(gu)樹名木就多達數百(bai)棵,四周分布(bu)著眾多道觀寺廟,是(shi)宗教活動盛行的地區(qu)。明清之際,厙公(gong)山林木翳然。
地理環境
位置
厙公山(shan)位于(yu)上海(hai)松江西北(bei)境內,是海(hai)上名山(shan)“松郡九峰”之(zhi)一,方圓百畝。厙公山(shan)東接東海(hai),西靠(kao)青浦朱家角古鎮,南依(yi)佘山(shan)和辰山(shan),北(bei)臨鳳凰山(shan)。地質地貌
厙(she)公(gong)山(shan)地(di)處長江(jiang)三(san)角洲前緣河口濱海平原,周邊高(gao)峰林立(li)。因其山(shan)形(xing)如(ru)書(shu)(shu)軸(zhou),正當(dang)鳳嘴,古人將厙(she)公(gong)山(shan)比作一軸(zhou)寶書(shu)(shu),與鳳凰山(shan)一起喻(yu)為“丹鳳銜書(shu)(shu)”由中(zhong)生代(dai)熔(rong)巖(yan)與火山(shan)碎屑(xie)巖(yan)構成,局部有粗面(mian)流(liu)紋(wen)巖(yan)、英安流(liu)紋(wen)巖(yan)、粗面(mian)流(liu)紋(wen)質熔(rong)結(jie)凝灰(hui)(hui)巖(yan)、流(liu)紋(wen)質(巖(yan)屑(xie))晶屑(xie)凝灰(hui)(hui)巖(yan)、流(liu)紋(wen)質玻屑(xie)凝灰(hui)(hui)巖(yan)。明清(qing)之際,厙(she)公(gong)山(shan)林木翳然(ran),黑松、油(you)桐、毛竹、廣竹、等林木茂盛,也自玲瓏可愛。
氣候
厙公(gong)山屬北(bei)亞熱(re)帶季(ji)(ji)風區域,受(shou)冷暖空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)影響,四(si)季(ji)(ji)分明(ming),氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候溫和,雨水充沛,日照充足,無(wu)霜期長,冬季(ji)(ji)盛行西(xi)北(bei)風,受(shou)大陸風侵襲,以(yi)少雨寒冷天氣(qi)(qi)(qi)為主;夏季(ji)(ji)盛行東南(nan)風,受(shou)來自海洋風控制,天氣(qi)(qi)(qi)炎熱(re)多(duo)雨;春(chun)秋季(ji)(ji)為冬夏季(ji)(ji)風交(jiao)替時期,常(chang)形成冷暖干濕多(duo)變等不(bu)穩定天氣(qi)(qi)(qi),又由于冬夏季(ji)(ji)風強弱和進退遲(chi)早不(bu)一,造成年際變化上的差異。
植被
厙(she)公(gong)山原生植被屬北(bei)亞熱帶常綠闊(kuo)葉(xie)、落葉(xie)闊(kuo)葉(xie)混合林,次生林為針闊(kuo)混交林和針葉(xie)林,主要(yao)有(you)水杉、柳杉、黑松(song)、香樟、白榆、櫸、槭、懸(xuan)鈴木、青楓、梧(wu)桐(tong)、女貞、毛竹、蔑竹、棕櫚等。
自然資源
厙公(gong)山(shan)(shan)的(de)藥(yao)(yao)用(yong)植物豐富,在《本草(cao)綱目》記(ji)載的(de)1800多種中(zhong)草(cao)藥(yao)(yao)中(zhong),厙公(gong)山(shan)(shan)就有(you)167多種。據1990年藥(yao)(yao)用(yong)植物普查結(jie)果,已知全(quan)山(shan)(shan)有(you)藥(yao)(yao)材217種。因此,厙公(gong)山(shan)(shan)(松郡九(jiu)峰)有(you)“天然藥(yao)(yao)庫”之(zhi)稱。藥(yao)(yao)用(yong)植物有(you)曼(man)陀羅花、金(jin)(jin)釵(chai)、王龍芝、猴結(jie)、九(jiu)仙子、天麻(ma)、田七等(deng)名貴藥(yao)(yao)材。曼(man)陀羅、靈(ling)芝、玉簪(zan)、龍葵、何(he)首烏、龍須草(cao)、丹(dan)參(can)等(deng)名貴藥(yao)(yao)材。舊(jiu)時在山(shan)(shan)中(zhong)還(huan)能(neng)常見梅花鹿(lu)、虎、獐(zhang)、豺(chai)、金(jin)(jin)錢豹、麂子、野(ye)豬等(deng)。
厙公
洞(dong)靈(ling)(ling)真人亢倉(cang)子(zi)(zi),據(ju)傳(chuan)為古代(dai)仙(xian)(xian)人,黃老(lao)新道(dao)家的代(dai)表人物(wu)之(zhi)一(yi),又(you)稱亢桑(sang)(sang)子(zi)(zi)、庚(geng)(geng)桑(sang)(sang)子(zi)(zi)、厙公,相傳(chuan)《亢倉(cang)子(zi)(zi)》(《洞(dong)靈(ling)(ling)真經》)一(yi)書由其(qi)所著。傳(chuan)說(shuo)他(ta)姓庚(geng)(geng)桑(sang)(sang),名楚(chu),陳國人。《莊子(zi)(zi)·庚(geng)(geng)桑(sang)(sang)楚(chu)》稱庚(geng)(geng)桑(sang)(sang)子(zi)(zi),為老(lao)聃(dan)之(zhi)弟子(zi)(zi),“偏(pian)得老(lao)聃(dan)之(zhi)道(dao)”。《歷世真仙(xian)(xian)體道(dao)通(tong)鑒》卷(juan)四謂(wei):庚(geng)(geng)桑(sang)(sang)子(zi)(zi),陳人,得老(lao)君之(zhi)道(dao),能以(yi)耳視而目(mu)聽(ting)。居畏(wei)壘之(zhi)山,其(qi)臣去(qu)之(zhi),其(qi)妾遠之(zhi),居三年(nian),畏(wei)壘大(da)穰。后(hou)游吳(wu),隱(yin)毗(pi)陵盂峰,道(dao)成仙(xian)(xian)去(qu),其(qi)乃老(lao)子(zi)(zi)的弟子(zi)(zi)。又(you)傳(chuan)說(shuo)為《莊子(zi)(zi)》中(zhong)的寓言人物(wu),得太上老(lao)君之(zhi)道(dao),能以(yi)耳視目(mu)聽(ting)。隱(yin)居毗(pi)陵峰,登仙(xian)(xian)而去(qu)。
《亢倉(cang)子》主(zhu)要(yao)解說(shuo)老子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言,闡發(fa)老子思(si)想,繼(ji)承和(he)發(fa)展了(le)道(dao)家“道(dao)”的(de)(de)學說(shuo)。唐(tang)天寶中(zhong)尊(zun)為(wei)道(dao)教(jiao)四子真經之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)。亢倉(cang)子以為(wei),道(dao)乃萬(wan)物(wu)本根。《亢倉(cang)子·全(quan)道(dao)》曰:“物(wu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)者(zhe),所以養性(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。今世之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)惑者(zhe),多以性(xing)養物(wu),則(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)知輕重也(ye)(ye)(ye)。 是故圣(sheng)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于聲也(ye)(ye)(ye),滋(zi)味也(ye)(ye)(ye),利于性(xing)則(ze)取之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),害(hai)于性(xing)則(ze)捐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),此全(quan)性(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”又稱:“故圣(sheng)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制萬(wan)物(wu)也(ye)(ye)(ye),全(quan)其天也(ye)(ye)(ye),天全(quan)則(ze)神全(quan)矣。神全(quan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren),不(bu)(bu)(bu)慮(lv)而(er)(er)通,不(bu)(bu)(bu)謀(mou)而(er)(er)當(dang),精照無外,志凝(ning)宇宙,德若天地,然上為(wei)天子而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)驕(jiao),下為(wei)匹夫而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)惛,此之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)全(quan)道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)。”這就是要(yao)達到(dao)一(yi)種清靜無為(wei)的(de)(de)自然境界(jie),超脫(tuo)一(yi)切(qie)榮辱得失的(de)(de)思(si)慮(lv),容身于道(dao)中(zhong),從而(er)(er)獲得至真之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)。他的(de)(de)思(si)想皆與《老子》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旨相合,故為(wei)道(dao)教(jiao)一(yi)并崇(chong)奉。