簡介
厙公(gong)(gong)(gong)山(shan)位于(yu)佘(she)山(shan)鎮境內,鳳(feng)凰山(shan)之南(nan),在縣城北約11.5公(gong)(gong)(gong)里。因其山(shan)形如書軸,正當鳳(feng)嘴(zui),古人(ren)將厙公(gong)(gong)(gong)山(shan)比作一(yi)軸寶(bao)書,與鳳(feng)凰山(shan)一(yi)起(qi)喻(yu)為(wei)(wei)“丹鳳(feng)銜書”。清諸(zhu)嗣郢《九峰(feng)(feng)詠》載:“秦(qin)時亢桑子(厙公(gong)(gong)(gong))隱居于(yu)此,乃(nai)山(shan)名之源。”厙公(gong)(gong)(gong)著有《亢桑子》三卷。原九峰(feng)(feng)第二(er)峰(feng)(feng)為(wei)(wei)陸(lu)(lu)(lu)寶(bao)山(shan),與厙公(gong)(gong)(gong)山(shan)隔溪相對,石少土美,人(ren)爭取之,明(ming)代即(ji)已(yi)夷為(wei)(wei)平陸(lu)(lu)(lu),后人(ren)乃(nai)以厙公(gong)(gong)(gong)山(shan)代陸(lu)(lu)(lu)寶(bao)山(shan)列(lie)為(wei)(wei)第二(er)峰(feng)(feng)。山(shan)高約10米,周長約半公(gong)(gong)(gong)里,山(shan)地面積20畝(mu),為(wei)(wei)九峰(feng)(feng)中最小的山(shan)丘。厙公(gong)(gong)(gong)山(shan)山(shan)體雖(sui)矮小,無巖壑之幽,但林木茂盛,也自(zi)玲瓏可愛。
歷史文化
在山(shan)之陰曾有藏書岺,山(shan)腰有洗(xi)鶴灘(tan)、鼓琴磯、采藥徑、放鹿亭,山(shan)麓有覽德坡、白(bai)雪庵(an)和聚星(xing)崖,山(shan)下有旗桿石、陸寶村等。厙(she)公山(shan)歷代(dai)名人輩出,這里既是秦時亢桑子(zi)(厙(she)公)隱居(ju)之地(di),又是陶(tao)宗(zong)儀攜客飲(yin)酒吟(yin)詩處(chu)。在古(gu)時,僅山(shan)上(shang)百(bai)年以上(shang)古(gu)樹名木(mu)就多(duo)達數(shu)百(bai)棵,四周分(fen)布著眾(zhong)多(duo)道(dao)觀寺廟,是宗(zong)教活(huo)動盛行的地(di)區。明清(qing)之際,厙(she)公山(shan)林木(mu)翳然。
地理環境
位置
厙公山(shan)位于(yu)上(shang)海(hai)松江西(xi)北境內,是海(hai)上(shang)名山(shan)“松郡九峰”之(zhi)一,方圓百畝。厙公山(shan)東(dong)接東(dong)海(hai),西(xi)靠青浦朱(zhu)家角古(gu)鎮,南(nan)依佘山(shan)和辰山(shan),北臨鳳凰山(shan)。地(di)質地(di)貌
厙公山(shan)地處長江三角洲(zhou)前緣河口濱海平(ping)原,周邊高(gao)峰林(lin)立。因其山(shan)形如書(shu)軸,正當鳳(feng)嘴,古人將厙公山(shan)比作一(yi)軸寶書(shu),與鳳(feng)凰山(shan)一(yi)起喻為“丹(dan)鳳(feng)銜書(shu)”由(you)中生代熔巖(yan)與火(huo)山(shan)碎屑(xie)巖(yan)構成,局部有粗(cu)(cu)面(mian)(mian)流紋巖(yan)、英安流紋巖(yan)、粗(cu)(cu)面(mian)(mian)流紋質熔結凝(ning)灰巖(yan)、流紋質(巖(yan)屑(xie))晶屑(xie)凝(ning)灰巖(yan)、流紋質玻屑(xie)凝(ning)灰巖(yan)。明清之際,厙公山(shan)林(lin)木翳然,黑松、油桐、毛竹、廣竹、等林(lin)木茂盛,也自(zi)玲瓏可愛。
氣候
厙公山屬北亞熱(re)帶(dai)季(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)區域,受冷暖(nuan)空氣(qi)(qi)影(ying)響,四季(ji)(ji)分明,氣(qi)(qi)候溫(wen)和(he),雨水充沛,日照充足(zu),無霜期長,冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)盛行西(xi)北風(feng)(feng),受大陸(lu)風(feng)(feng)侵襲,以少雨寒冷天氣(qi)(qi)為(wei)主;夏季(ji)(ji)盛行東南風(feng)(feng),受來自海洋風(feng)(feng)控制,天氣(qi)(qi)炎熱(re)多雨;春秋季(ji)(ji)為(wei)冬(dong)(dong)夏季(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)交替時期,常形成(cheng)冷暖(nuan)干濕(shi)多變(bian)等不(bu)穩定天氣(qi)(qi),又由(you)于冬(dong)(dong)夏季(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)強(qiang)弱和(he)進退遲早不(bu)一,造成(cheng)年(nian)際變(bian)化上(shang)的(de)差(cha)異。
植被
厙公山原(yuan)生植(zhi)被屬北亞(ya)熱帶常(chang)綠闊葉(xie)、落葉(xie)闊葉(xie)混合林,次生林為針闊混交林和(he)針葉(xie)林,主要(yao)有水杉、柳杉、黑(hei)松(song)、香樟(zhang)、白榆(yu)、櫸、槭、懸(xuan)鈴木、青楓、梧桐、女貞、毛竹、蔑竹、棕(zong)櫚(lv)等。
自然資源
厙公(gong)山(shan)的藥(yao)(yao)用植物豐(feng)富,在《本草綱目》記載的1800多(duo)種(zhong)中(zhong)草藥(yao)(yao)中(zhong),厙公(gong)山(shan)就有(you)167多(duo)種(zhong)。據1990年(nian)藥(yao)(yao)用植物普查結果,已知全山(shan)有(you)藥(yao)(yao)材217種(zhong)。因此,厙公(gong)山(shan)(松郡九峰(feng))有(you)“天然(ran)藥(yao)(yao)庫”之稱。藥(yao)(yao)用植物有(you)曼(man)陀(tuo)羅花、金釵、王龍(long)芝、猴結、九仙(xian)子、天麻、田七(qi)等名貴藥(yao)(yao)材。曼(man)陀(tuo)羅、靈芝、玉(yu)簪、龍(long)葵、何(he)首烏、龍(long)須草、丹(dan)參(can)等名貴藥(yao)(yao)材。舊時在山(shan)中(zhong)還能(neng)常(chang)見梅(mei)花鹿、虎、獐、豺、金錢(qian)豹、麂子、野豬等。
厙公
洞(dong)靈(ling)真人(ren)亢(kang)倉子(zi),據傳為古(gu)代仙(xian)人(ren),黃老(lao)(lao)(lao)新道(dao)家的代表(biao)人(ren)物(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)一,又稱(cheng)亢(kang)桑(sang)(sang)子(zi)、庚(geng)(geng)(geng)桑(sang)(sang)子(zi)、厙公,相(xiang)傳《亢(kang)倉子(zi)》(《洞(dong)靈(ling)真經》)一書由其(qi)所著。傳說(shuo)他姓庚(geng)(geng)(geng)桑(sang)(sang),名楚(chu),陳國人(ren)。《莊(zhuang)子(zi)·庚(geng)(geng)(geng)桑(sang)(sang)楚(chu)》稱(cheng)庚(geng)(geng)(geng)桑(sang)(sang)子(zi),為老(lao)(lao)(lao)聃之(zhi)(zhi)弟(di)子(zi),“偏得老(lao)(lao)(lao)聃之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)”。《歷世真仙(xian)體(ti)道(dao)通鑒》卷(juan)四謂(wei):庚(geng)(geng)(geng)桑(sang)(sang)子(zi),陳人(ren),得老(lao)(lao)(lao)君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),能以耳(er)視而目聽。居(ju)畏壘(lei)(lei)之(zhi)(zhi)山,其(qi)臣去之(zhi)(zhi),其(qi)妾遠之(zhi)(zhi),居(ju)三年,畏壘(lei)(lei)大穰。后游吳(wu),隱毗(pi)陵(ling)盂峰,道(dao)成仙(xian)去,其(qi)乃老(lao)(lao)(lao)子(zi)的弟(di)子(zi)。又傳說(shuo)為《莊(zhuang)子(zi)》中的寓(yu)言人(ren)物(wu),得太上老(lao)(lao)(lao)君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),能以耳(er)視目聽。隱居(ju)毗(pi)陵(ling)峰,登仙(xian)而去。
《亢(kang)(kang)倉(cang)子(zi)(zi)》主要解說(shuo)老(lao)(lao)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言,闡發老(lao)(lao)子(zi)(zi)思(si)想,繼承和(he)發展了道(dao)(dao)家“道(dao)(dao)”的(de)(de)學說(shuo)。唐(tang)天寶中尊(zun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)道(dao)(dao)教四子(zi)(zi)真(zhen)經之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。亢(kang)(kang)倉(cang)子(zi)(zi)以(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei),道(dao)(dao)乃萬物本(ben)根。《亢(kang)(kang)倉(cang)子(zi)(zi)·全(quan)(quan)(quan)道(dao)(dao)》曰(yue):“物也(ye)者(zhe),所以(yi)養性也(ye)。今世之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)惑者(zhe),多以(yi)性養物,則(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)知輕重也(ye)。 是(shi)故(gu)(gu)(gu)圣(sheng)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于聲也(ye),滋味也(ye),利于性則(ze)取之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),害于性則(ze)捐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),此(ci)全(quan)(quan)(quan)性之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)也(ye)。”又稱:“故(gu)(gu)(gu)圣(sheng)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)萬物也(ye),全(quan)(quan)(quan)其天也(ye),天全(quan)(quan)(quan)則(ze)神(shen)全(quan)(quan)(quan)矣。神(shen)全(quan)(quan)(quan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren),不(bu)(bu)(bu)慮而(er)通,不(bu)(bu)(bu)謀而(er)當(dang),精照無(wu)外,志凝宇宙,德若天地,然上(shang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)天子(zi)(zi)而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)驕,下為(wei)(wei)(wei)匹夫而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)惛,此(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)(quan)(quan)道(dao)(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)。”這就是(shi)要達到一(yi)(yi)種清靜無(wu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)自然境界,超(chao)脫一(yi)(yi)切榮辱得失的(de)(de)思(si)慮,容(rong)身(shen)于道(dao)(dao)中,從(cong)而(er)獲得至(zhi)真(zhen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)。他的(de)(de)思(si)想皆與(yu)《老(lao)(lao)子(zi)(zi)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旨相合,故(gu)(gu)(gu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)道(dao)(dao)教一(yi)(yi)并崇(chong)奉。