簡介
厙(she)(she)公(gong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)位于佘(she)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)鎮境內,鳳凰山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)南(nan),在縣(xian)城北約11.5公(gong)里。因(yin)其山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)形如書軸(zhou),正當鳳嘴,古(gu)人(ren)將厙(she)(she)公(gong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)比作一軸(zhou)寶(bao)書,與鳳凰山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)一起喻(yu)為(wei)(wei)“丹(dan)鳳銜書”。清諸嗣郢《九(jiu)峰詠》載:“秦時(shi)亢(kang)桑子(厙(she)(she)公(gong))隱居于此,乃山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)名之(zhi)源。”厙(she)(she)公(gong)著有《亢(kang)桑子》三卷。原九(jiu)峰第(di)二(er)峰為(wei)(wei)陸寶(bao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),與厙(she)(she)公(gong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)隔溪(xi)相對,石少土美,人(ren)爭取之(zhi),明代(dai)即已夷為(wei)(wei)平(ping)陸,后人(ren)乃以厙(she)(she)公(gong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)代(dai)陸寶(bao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)列為(wei)(wei)第(di)二(er)峰。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)高約10米,周長(chang)約半公(gong)里,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地面積(ji)20畝(mu),為(wei)(wei)九(jiu)峰中最小的(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)丘。厙(she)(she)公(gong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)體雖(sui)矮(ai)小,無巖(yan)壑之(zhi)幽(you),但林木茂盛(sheng),也自玲瓏可愛。
歷史文化
在山(shan)之(zhi)陰(yin)曾有(you)(you)藏書岺(ling),山(shan)腰有(you)(you)洗鶴灘、鼓琴磯、采(cai)藥(yao)徑、放鹿亭,山(shan)麓有(you)(you)覽(lan)德坡、白雪庵和(he)聚(ju)星崖,山(shan)下(xia)有(you)(you)旗桿石、陸寶村等。厙公(gong)山(shan)歷代名人輩出,這里既(ji)是秦時(shi)亢(kang)桑子(zi)(厙公(gong))隱居之(zhi)地(di),又是陶宗(zong)儀攜客(ke)飲酒吟(yin)詩(shi)處。在古時(shi),僅山(shan)上百年以上古樹(shu)名木就多達數百棵,四周分布著(zhu)眾(zhong)多道觀寺廟,是宗(zong)教活動盛(sheng)行的地(di)區。明清之(zhi)際,厙公(gong)山(shan)林木翳然。
地理環境
位置
厙公山(shan)位于(yu)上海松江西(xi)北境內(nei),是(shi)海上名山(shan)“松郡九(jiu)峰”之一,方圓百畝。厙公山(shan)東(dong)接東(dong)海,西(xi)靠(kao)青浦朱家角古鎮,南依佘山(shan)和(he)辰(chen)山(shan),北臨鳳凰山(shan)。地質地貌
厙公(gong)(gong)(gong)山(shan)(shan)地處長江三(san)角洲前緣河口(kou)濱海平(ping)原,周邊高峰(feng)林(lin)立。因其山(shan)(shan)形如書(shu)(shu)(shu)軸,正(zheng)當鳳(feng)嘴(zui),古(gu)人將厙公(gong)(gong)(gong)山(shan)(shan)比作(zuo)一(yi)軸寶書(shu)(shu)(shu),與(yu)鳳(feng)凰山(shan)(shan)一(yi)起(qi)喻為“丹鳳(feng)銜書(shu)(shu)(shu)”由(you)中生代熔(rong)巖與(yu)火山(shan)(shan)碎屑巖構(gou)成,局部有粗(cu)面流(liu)紋(wen)巖、英(ying)安流(liu)紋(wen)巖、粗(cu)面流(liu)紋(wen)質熔(rong)結凝灰(hui)(hui)巖、流(liu)紋(wen)質(巖屑)晶屑凝灰(hui)(hui)巖、流(liu)紋(wen)質玻屑凝灰(hui)(hui)巖。明清之際,厙公(gong)(gong)(gong)山(shan)(shan)林(lin)木翳(yi)然,黑松、油桐、毛竹、廣竹、等林(lin)木茂盛,也自(zi)玲瓏可(ke)愛。
氣候
厙公山(shan)屬北亞熱(re)(re)帶季風(feng)區域,受(shou)冷暖(nuan)空氣影響(xiang),四季分(fen)明,氣候溫和(he),雨水(shui)充沛,日照充足,無霜期長,冬(dong)(dong)(dong)季盛(sheng)行西北風(feng),受(shou)大陸風(feng)侵(qin)襲(xi),以少雨寒冷天氣為主;夏(xia)季盛(sheng)行東南風(feng),受(shou)來自海洋風(feng)控(kong)制,天氣炎熱(re)(re)多(duo)雨;春秋季為冬(dong)(dong)(dong)夏(xia)季風(feng)交替時(shi)期,常形成(cheng)冷暖(nuan)干濕多(duo)變等不穩定天氣,又由于冬(dong)(dong)(dong)夏(xia)季風(feng)強(qiang)弱和(he)進退遲早(zao)不一,造成(cheng)年際(ji)變化上的差(cha)異。
植被
厙公山原(yuan)生(sheng)植被屬北亞熱(re)帶常綠闊(kuo)葉、落葉闊(kuo)葉混(hun)合(he)林,次生(sheng)林為(wei)針(zhen)闊(kuo)混(hun)交林和針(zhen)葉林,主要有水杉(shan)、柳杉(shan)、黑松、香樟、白榆、櫸、槭、懸鈴木、青楓、梧桐(tong)、女貞、毛竹、蔑(mie)竹、棕(zong)櫚等。
自然資源
厙公山(shan)的藥(yao)用(yong)植物豐富,在《本草(cao)綱目》記載的1800多種中(zhong)草(cao)藥(yao)中(zhong),厙公山(shan)就有(you)167多種。據1990年(nian)藥(yao)用(yong)植物普查結果(guo),已知全山(shan)有(you)藥(yao)材217種。因(yin)此,厙公山(shan)(松郡九(jiu)峰)有(you)“天然藥(yao)庫”之稱。藥(yao)用(yong)植物有(you)曼陀(tuo)羅(luo)花、金釵(chai)、王(wang)龍(long)芝(zhi)、猴結、九(jiu)仙子、天麻(ma)、田七等(deng)(deng)名貴藥(yao)材。曼陀(tuo)羅(luo)、靈芝(zhi)、玉簪、龍(long)葵、何首烏(wu)、龍(long)須草(cao)、丹參等(deng)(deng)名貴藥(yao)材。舊時在山(shan)中(zhong)還(huan)能常(chang)見梅花鹿、虎、獐、豺、金錢豹、麂子、野豬(zhu)等(deng)(deng)。
厙公
洞靈(ling)真人(ren)(ren)(ren)亢倉子(zi)(zi),據(ju)傳(chuan)為(wei)古代(dai)仙(xian)人(ren)(ren)(ren),黃(huang)老新(xin)道(dao)家的(de)(de)代(dai)表人(ren)(ren)(ren)物(wu)之(zhi)一,又(you)稱(cheng)亢桑子(zi)(zi)、庚桑子(zi)(zi)、厙公(gong),相傳(chuan)《亢倉子(zi)(zi)》(《洞靈(ling)真經》)一書由其所著。傳(chuan)說(shuo)他(ta)姓庚桑,名楚(chu),陳(chen)國人(ren)(ren)(ren)。《莊子(zi)(zi)·庚桑楚(chu)》稱(cheng)庚桑子(zi)(zi),為(wei)老聃之(zhi)弟子(zi)(zi),“偏得(de)老聃之(zhi)道(dao)”。《歷世真仙(xian)體(ti)道(dao)通鑒》卷四謂(wei):庚桑子(zi)(zi),陳(chen)人(ren)(ren)(ren),得(de)老君之(zhi)道(dao),能(neng)以耳視(shi)而(er)目聽(ting)。居畏壘之(zhi)山,其臣(chen)去之(zhi),其妾遠之(zhi),居三年,畏壘大穰。后(hou)游吳,隱(yin)毗(pi)陵(ling)盂峰(feng),道(dao)成仙(xian)去,其乃老子(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)弟子(zi)(zi)。又(you)傳(chuan)說(shuo)為(wei)《莊子(zi)(zi)》中的(de)(de)寓言人(ren)(ren)(ren)物(wu),得(de)太上老君之(zhi)道(dao),能(neng)以耳視(shi)目聽(ting)。隱(yin)居毗(pi)陵(ling)峰(feng),登仙(xian)而(er)去。
《亢(kang)倉(cang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)》主要(yao)解說(shuo)老子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)言,闡發老子(zi)(zi)(zi)思(si)想,繼承和發展了道(dao)家(jia)“道(dao)”的學說(shuo)。唐天(tian)(tian)寶(bao)中尊為道(dao)教(jiao)四(si)子(zi)(zi)(zi)真經之(zhi)一。亢(kang)倉(cang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)為,道(dao)乃萬物(wu)本根。《亢(kang)倉(cang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)·全道(dao)》曰:“物(wu)也(ye)者,所以(yi)養性也(ye)。今(jin)世之(zhi)惑者,多以(yi)性養物(wu),則(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)知輕重(zhong)也(ye)。 是(shi)(shi)故圣(sheng)人之(zhi)于(yu)聲也(ye),滋味也(ye),利于(yu)性則(ze)(ze)取之(zhi),害于(yu)性則(ze)(ze)捐之(zhi),此全性之(zhi)道(dao)也(ye)。”又稱(cheng):“故圣(sheng)人之(zhi)制萬物(wu)也(ye),全其天(tian)(tian)也(ye),天(tian)(tian)全則(ze)(ze)神全矣。神全之(zhi)人,不(bu)(bu)慮而(er)通,不(bu)(bu)謀而(er)當,精(jing)照無外,志凝宇宙(zhou),德若天(tian)(tian)地,然上為天(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)而(er)不(bu)(bu)驕,下(xia)為匹夫(fu)而(er)不(bu)(bu)惛,此之(zhi)為全道(dao)之(zhi)人。”這就是(shi)(shi)要(yao)達到一種清靜無為的自然境界,超脫一切榮辱得失的思(si)慮,容身于(yu)道(dao)中,從(cong)而(er)獲得至真之(zhi)道(dao)。他的思(si)想皆與《老子(zi)(zi)(zi)》之(zhi)旨相(xiang)合,故為道(dao)教(jiao)一并崇奉(feng)。