臺灣省中(zhong)央(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)北(bei)(bei)(bei)部最高(gao)(gao)峰(feng)(feng)。海(hai)拔3740米(mi)(mi)(mi)，僅(jin)次于(yu)玉山(shan)(shan)(shan)、雪(xue)(xue)山(shan)(shan)(shan)（副峰(feng)(feng)除外）及中(zhong)央(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)中(zhong)段(duan)的(de)(de)(de)秀姑(gu)巒山(shan)(shan)(shan)和(he)馬(ma)博拉斯山(shan)(shan)(shan),居(ju)全省第5位(wei)(wei)。以(yi)(yi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)（主(zhu)(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)）為(wei)(wei)(wei)核山(shan)(shan)(shan)，周鄰約(yue)3公里半徑(jing)內，3500米(mi)(mi)(mi)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)高(gao)(gao)峰(feng)(feng)共(gong)有(you)7座，皆以(yi)(yi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)名，簡(jian)稱北(bei)(bei)(bei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)（3535米(mi)(mi)(mi)）、北(bei)(bei)(bei)峰(feng)(feng)（3580米(mi)(mi)(mi)）、東(dong)(dong)峰(feng)(feng)(3639米(mi)(mi)(mi))、東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)峰(feng)(feng)（3526米(mi)(mi)(mi)）、中(zhong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)峰(feng)(feng)(3500米(mi)(mi)(mi))、南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)（3516米(mi)(mi)(mi)），為(wei)(wei)(wei)西(xi)注(zhu)臺灣海(hai)峽的(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)甲(jia)溪和(he)東(dong)(dong)入(ru)太(tai)平(ping)洋的(de)(de)(de)立霧溪分水嶺。山(shan)(shan)(shan)匯(hui)諸峰(feng)(feng)皆以(yi)(yi)粘板巖(yan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)。因高(gao)(gao)度、位(wei)(wei)置和(he)地(di)(di)(di)勢適宜，曾是更(geng)新世冰(bing)(bing)(bing)川分布區，以(yi)(yi)主(zhu)(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)及其(qi)外圍(wei)的(de)(de)(de)北(bei)(bei)(bei)、東(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)、東(dong)(dong)3峰(feng)(feng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)，遺(yi)跡(ji)保(bao)存甚多,冰(bing)(bing)(bing)蝕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)典型，有(you)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)川及山(shan)(shan)(shan)谷(gu)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)川，前者尤(you)(you)多。中(zhong)央(yang)凹地(di)(di)(di)（亦(yi)稱南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)谷(gu)地(di)(di)(di)）的(de)(de)(de)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)遺(yi)跡(ji)保(bao)存最好。南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶，冬(dong)春季節(jie)因受(shou)來自太(tai)平(ping)洋通過宜蘭三角(jiao)洲平(ping)原上(shang)空(kong)深入(ru)的(de)(de)(de)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)風，并受(shou)大(da)(da)(da)(da)陸冷氣團(tuan)東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)移影響，3000米(mi)(mi)(mi)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)地(di)(di)(di)區常有(you)短期積雪(xue)(xue)甚厚(hou)，由此亦(yi)可推知(zhi)本區昔時(shi)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)川生(sheng)成(cheng)和(he)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)蝕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)發(fa)育情況。據調查研究(jiu)，在(zai)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)主(zhu)(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)及其(qi)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)外圍(wei)，共(gong)已發(fa)現(xian)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)不下12處，底高(gao)(gao)在(zai)3300米(mi)(mi)(mi)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)，尤(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)3500米(mi)(mi)(mi)左(zuo)右為(wei)(wei)(wei)多。位(wei)(wei)于(yu)主(zhu)(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)坡的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)處，徑(jing)長(chang)達2500米(mi)(mi)(mi)，寬約(yue)1000米(mi)(mi)(mi),其(qi)西(xi)壁中(zhong)部高(gao)(gao)約(yue)1000米(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)陡崖,角(jiao)度大(da)(da)(da)(da)致60°～70°。在(zai)此西(xi)鄰，更(geng)有(you)長(chang)達4000米(mi)(mi)(mi)，寬約(yue)1500米(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)處。估計南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)群(qun)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)時(shi)，雪(xue)(xue)線高(gao)(gao)度大(da)(da)(da)(da)致相當(dang)3400～3500米(mi)(mi)(mi)。發(fa)源于(yu)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)側的(de)(de)(de)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)溪及與(yu)其(qi)西(xi)鄰源于(yu)雪(xue)(xue)山(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)坡的(de)(de)(de)七家灣溪等（均大(da)(da)(da)(da)甲(jia)溪上(shang)源），均以(yi)(yi)產一(yi)(yi)(yi)種可能為(wei)(wei)(wei)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)期殘留的(de)(de)(de)鮭(gui)鱒魚類著名，這(zhe)種陸封型魚類即與(yu)冰(bing)(bing)(bing)川時(shi)期低溫氣候有(you)密切聯系。
斌斌有禮 
