臺灣(wan)省中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈北(bei)部(bu)(bu)最高(gao)峰(feng)(feng)。海拔3740米(mi)(mi)(mi)，僅(jin)次于(yu)(yu)玉山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、雪山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)（副峰(feng)(feng)除外）及(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈中(zhong)(zhong)段(duan)的(de)(de)(de)秀姑巒(luan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)和(he)馬博拉斯山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),居全省第5位。以(yi)(yi)(yi)南(nan)(nan)湖(hu)大(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)（主(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)）為核山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，周鄰約3公里半徑內(nei)，3500米(mi)(mi)(mi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)高(gao)峰(feng)(feng)共有7座(zuo)，皆以(yi)(yi)(yi)南(nan)(nan)湖(hu)為名(ming)，簡稱(cheng)北(bei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)（3535米(mi)(mi)(mi)）、北(bei)峰(feng)(feng)（3580米(mi)(mi)(mi)）、東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)峰(feng)(feng)(3639米(mi)(mi)(mi))、東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)峰(feng)(feng)（3526米(mi)(mi)(mi)）、中(zhong)(zhong)南(nan)(nan)峰(feng)(feng)(3500米(mi)(mi)(mi))、南(nan)(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)（3516米(mi)(mi)(mi)），為西(xi)(xi)(xi)注臺灣(wan)海峽的(de)(de)(de)大(da)甲溪和(he)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)入太平(ping)洋的(de)(de)(de)立(li)霧溪分水(shui)嶺。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)匯諸峰(feng)(feng)皆以(yi)(yi)(yi)粘(zhan)板巖為主(zhu)。因高(gao)度、位置(zhi)和(he)地勢適宜，曾是(shi)更(geng)新世冰(bing)川(chuan)分布區(qu)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)主(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)及(ji)其(qi)外圍的(de)(de)(de)北(bei)、東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)、東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)3峰(feng)(feng)為主(zhu)，遺跡(ji)保存甚多,冰(bing)蝕地形(xing)(xing)典型，有冰(bing)斗(dou)冰(bing)川(chuan)及(ji)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)谷(gu)冰(bing)川(chuan)，前(qian)者尤(you)多。中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)凹地（亦稱(cheng)南(nan)(nan)湖(hu)谷(gu)地）的(de)(de)(de)冰(bing)斗(dou)遺跡(ji)保存最好。南(nan)(nan)湖(hu)大(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)一(yi)帶，冬春季節因受來自太平(ping)洋通(tong)過宜蘭三角洲平(ping)原(yuan)上(shang)(shang)空深入的(de)(de)(de)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)風，并受大(da)陸(lu)冷氣團東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)移影(ying)響，3000米(mi)(mi)(mi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)地區(qu)常有短期積雪甚厚(hou)，由此亦可推知(zhi)本區(qu)昔(xi)時(shi)冰(bing)川(chuan)生(sheng)成和(he)冰(bing)蝕地形(xing)(xing)發(fa)育(yu)情況(kuang)。據調查研究，在南(nan)(nan)湖(hu)主(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)及(ji)其(qi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)外圍，共已發(fa)現冰(bing)斗(dou)地形(xing)(xing)不下12處，底高(gao)在3300米(mi)(mi)(mi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)，尤(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)3500米(mi)(mi)(mi)左右為多。位于(yu)(yu)主(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)坡(po)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)處，徑長(chang)達2500米(mi)(mi)(mi)，寬約1000米(mi)(mi)(mi),其(qi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)壁(bi)中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)(bu)高(gao)約1000米(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)陡崖,角度大(da)致60°～70°。在此西(xi)(xi)(xi)鄰，更(geng)有長(chang)達4000米(mi)(mi)(mi)，寬約1500米(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)處。估計南(nan)(nan)湖(hu)大(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)冰(bing)斗(dou)群(qun)形(xing)(xing)成時(shi)，雪線高(gao)度大(da)致相當3400～3500米(mi)(mi)(mi)。發(fa)源于(yu)(yu)南(nan)(nan)湖(hu)大(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)側的(de)(de)(de)南(nan)(nan)湖(hu)溪及(ji)與其(qi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)鄰源于(yu)(yu)雪山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)坡(po)的(de)(de)(de)七家灣(wan)溪等（均大(da)甲溪上(shang)(shang)源），均以(yi)(yi)(yi)產一(yi)種可能為冰(bing)期殘留的(de)(de)(de)鮭鱒魚類著(zhu)名(ming)，這種陸(lu)封型魚類即與冰(bing)川(chuan)時(shi)期低(di)溫氣候有密切聯系。
斌斌有禮 
