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夾江疊鞘石斛是指在夾江地域范圍內種植培育的一種蘭科植物。石(shi)斛又稱黃草、栽秧花(hua)，之所以稱為疊(die)鞘石(shi)斛是由于這種(zhong)石(shi)斛葉鞘層層堆疊(die)。夾江(jiang)疊(die)鞘石(shi)斛是指(zhi)在(zai)夾江(jiang)地域(yu)范圍內種(zhong)植(zhi)培育(yu)的一種(zhong)蘭科植(zhi)物。

地形地貌

夾(jia)江地(di)(di)(di)處川西斷褶區，位于成(cheng)(cheng)都斷凹，龍(long)(long)泉山(shan)(shan)(shan)熊坡背(bei)(bei)斜斷褶帶，江油(you)蘆(lu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)斷褶帶、峨眉山(shan)(shan)(shan)斷塊的(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)接處，地(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)構造復雜，地(di)(di)(di)貌分異明顯。縣(xian)(xian)城以東(dong)(dong)大(da)部(bu)份地(di)(di)(di)區為(wei)(wei)夾(jia)江向斜，位于龍(long)(long)泉山(shan)(shan)(shan)背(bei)(bei)斜與(yu)(yu)熊坡背(bei)(bei)斜，三蘇背(bei)(bei)斜之間。為(wei)(wei)雅安礫石層(ceng)冰水(shui)沉積物所沖(chong)(chong)填形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)70余平(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里的(de)(de)(de)漹(yan)甘大(da)壩(ba)和220多(duo)平(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里的(de)(de)(de)老沖(chong)(chong)積黃泥臺(tai)地(di)(di)(di)。縣(xian)(xian)境中部(bu)，任山(shan)(shan)(shan)背(bei)(bei)斜由(you)西南向東(dong)(dong)北斜貫全境，背(bei)(bei)斜兩翼構成(cheng)(cheng)壟崗狀丘(qiu)陵(ling)地(di)(di)(di)貌，多(duo)饅頭(tou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)。青衣江以西的(de)(de)(de)華頭(tou)、木城片區的(de)(de)(de)大(da)部(bu)份，屬于峨眉山(shan)(shan)(shan)余脈，山(shan)(shan)(shan)峰突起，山(shan)(shan)(shan)巒連綿(mian)與(yu)(yu)任山(shan)(shan)(shan)背(bei)(bei)斜相接，構成(cheng)(cheng)我縣(xian)(xian)低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)區地(di)(di)(di)貌類型。地(di)(di)(di)跨(kua)東(dong)(dong)經103°17'～103°44'；北緯(wei)29°38'～29°55'。幅員(yuan)面(mian)積748.47平(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里。縣(xian)(xian)域內，地(di)(di)(di)勢由(you)西北向東(dong)(dong)南傾(qing)斜，全縣(xian)(xian)平(ping)壩(ba)、低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)、丘(qiu)陵(ling)分布較為(wei)(wei)均(jun)勻，3種地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)各(ge)占三分之一。縣(xian)(xian)域內水(shui)資(zi)源豐(feng)富，以青衣江為(wei)(wei)代表的(de)(de)(de)大(da)小河流共(gong)有20余條。野生石斛附(fu)生于高山(shan)(shan)(shan)巖石、樹干上，喜溫暖和雨量充沛(pei)的(de)(de)(de)濕潤、陰暗的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境。因(yin)此夾(jia)江多(duo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)、多(duo)河流的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)理環(huan)境特征為(wei)(wei)夾(jia)江疊鞘(qiao)石斛的(de)(de)(de)生長提供了得天獨厚的(de)(de)(de)基本條件。

氣候特點

夾江(jiang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)屬中亞(ya)熱帶濕潤性季風(feng)(feng)氣候(hou)區。據氣象資料記載，年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)氣溫16.9℃,年降雨量(liang)充沛，為1324.9毫米，平(ping)(ping)均(jun)相對濕度83%，最(zui)小相對濕度23%，年均(jun)日(ri)照(zhao)時(shi)(shi)數1032.7小時(shi)(shi)，日(ri)照(zhao)率24.3%，年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)積溫6250.6℃，年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)無霜期307天。全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)春夏秋(qiu)(qiu)冬四(si)季分明，夏季略長于冬季，分別為99天和96天。最(zui)熱月(yue)(yue)是7月(yue)(yue)，基本(ben)上(shang)(shang)無酷暑；最(zui)冷(leng)月(yue)(yue)是2月(yue)(yue)，冬暖霜雪少，基本(ben)上(shang)(shang)無嚴冬。春季氣溫回(hui)暖快，但不(bu)穩定(ding)，秋(qiu)(qiu)季降溫快，有綿雨。縣(xian)(xian)(xian)境內(nei)各(ge)地(di)氣溫的(de)差異，由東南向西北(bei)，隨海拔高度的(de)增加(jia)而逐漸降低。年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)風(feng)(feng)速僅1～2 m/s，累(lei)年各(ge)月(yue)(yue)均(jun)以靜(jing)風(feng)(feng)最(zui)多，西北(bei)偏北(bei)為縣(xian)(xian)(xian)內(nei)的(de)次多風(feng)(feng)向。縣(xian)(xian)(xian)內(nei)陰天多，日(ri)照(zhao)的(de)分配(pei)也不(bu)平(ping)(ping)衡，實感光照(zhao)不(bu)足但夏季比例大，夾江(jiang)石斛(hu)在5～35℃的(de)條件下(xia)即(ji)可(ke)生長旺盛，加(jia)上(shang)(shang)雨水多，因此夾江(jiang)溫和、濕潤的(de)氣候(hou)十(shi)分有利于疊鞘石斛(hu)生長。

土壤特征

夾江縣域內土壤母(mu)質(zhi)大致(zhi)可分為九(jiu)大成(cheng)土母(mu)質(zhi)，第四系新(xin)老沖(chong)積(ji)母(mu)質(zhi)占一(yi)半以(yi)上，因(yin)此土壤質(zhi)地的(de)組成(cheng)以(yi)壤土為主(zhu)，其中(zhong)重(zhong)壤占一(yi)半，中(zhong)壤占三分之一(yi)。