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甘(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)歷史(shi)悠久，是(shi)甘(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)最古老(lao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)糧(liang)食(shi)作(zuo)物(wu)之一。據(ju)《甘(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)志》記載(zai)(zai)：“1978年(nian)(nian)(nian)，在巴塘（隸屬甘(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)）考古發(fa)現公元前(qian)2世紀黃河上游青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)海、甘(gan)肅文(wen)(wen)化(hua)色彩的(de)(de)(de)(de)古墓遺(yi)書，《隋書附國(guo)傳》中有(you)‘土宜小麥、青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)’的(de)(de)(de)(de)記載(zai)(zai)，甘(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)培(pei)育(yu)(yu)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)有(you)文(wen)(wen)字記載(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)在1400年(nian)(nian)(nian)以(yi)上。”青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)是(shi)甘(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)主(zhu)(zhu)要糧(liang)食(shi)作(zuo)物(wu)之一，也(ye)是(shi)藏族人(ren)(ren)民(min)生(sheng)活不(bu)可替(ti)(ti)代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳統主(zhu)(zhu)食(shi)品(pin)，其分(fen)布(bu)緯(wei)度和海拔(ba)上限(xian)都較(jiao)其他糧(liang)食(shi)作(zuo)物(wu)高，播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)和總(zong)(zong)產(chan)(chan)歷居州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)糧(liang)作(zuo)首位。 甘(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)伴隨著甘(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)人(ren)(ren)民(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)酒(jiu)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)流傳了(le)上千年(nian)(nian)(nian)。在甘(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)，人(ren)(ren)們主(zhu)(zhu)要是(shi)將甘(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)籽(zi)粒(li)炒熟磨粉后制成糌粑食(shi)用(yong)，在特殊(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高原(yuan)(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)區，烹食(shi)非常方便，也(ye)能夠很(hen)好(hao)地(di)(di)(di)滿足人(ren)(ren)體所需(xu)營養(yang)成分(fen)，深受甘(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)人(ren)(ren)民(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)喜愛。甘(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)籽(zi)粒(li)也(ye)是(shi)優良(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)精飼料(liao)，對育(yu)(yu)肥牲(sheng)畜(chu)有(you)很(hen)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)，其秸稈是(shi)優質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)飼草，質(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)柔和，對高原(yuan)(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)區牲(sheng)畜(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)越冬具(ju)有(you)重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)。同時(shi)，甘(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)營養(yang)豐富(fu)(fu)，是(shi)釀造(zao)(zao)工業(ye)(ye)和食(shi)品(pin)工業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)要原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)，具(ju)有(you)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)條件(jian)和生(sheng)活必需(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)雙重(zhong)不(bu)可替(ti)(ti)代(dai)性(xing)。 甘(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)現建(jian)(jian)有(you)全國(guo)唯一的(de)(de)(de)(de)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)原(yuan)(yuan)原(yuan)(yuan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)、全國(guo)第一個青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)繁(fan)(fan)育(yu)(yu)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)和新品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選育(yu)(yu)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)。2001年(nian)(nian)(nian)，“青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)原(yuan)(yuan)原(yuan)(yuan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)建(jian)(jian)設(she)”通(tong)過農(nong)業(ye)(ye)部驗(yan)收(shou)，每年(nian)(nian)(nian)可提供青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)原(yuan)(yuan)原(yuan)(yuan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)20-30萬噸。2002年(nian)(nian)(nian)，青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)繁(fan)(fan)育(yu)(yu)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)建(jian)(jian)設(she)批(pi)準立項，該(gai)項目已(yi)完(wan)成各項建(jian)(jian)設(she)內容(rong)，于2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)通(tong)過省農(nong)業(ye)(ye)廳驗(yan)收(shou)。近(jin)年(nian)(nian)(nian)來(lai)，甘(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)按照(zhao)區域化(hua)、規模化(hua)、標準化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu)，打(da)造(zao)(zao)特種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)糧(liang)食(shi)核心(xin)產(chan)(chan)區，形成了(le)康(kang)北、康(kang)南(nan)優質(zhi)(zhi)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)帶，集中推廣康(kang)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)6號(hao)、7號(hao)等新品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)覆蓋率達(da)到(dao)90%以(yi)上，測土配方施肥60萬畝(mu)次。通(tong)過落實(shi)各項技(ji)術措(cuo)施，青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)單產(chan)(chan)從135公斤(jin)提高到(dao)180公斤(jin)，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)達(da)到(dao)45萬畝(mu)，總(zong)(zong)產(chan)(chan)量達(da)到(dao)7.38萬噸，在青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)開(kai)發(fa)上自主(zhu)(zhu)開(kai)發(fa)了(le)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)系列(lie)酒(jiu)，與四川大學合作(zuo)開(kai)發(fa)了(le)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)苗粉膠囊。 甘(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)各級黨委、政(zheng)府高度重(zhong)視青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展，利用(yong)生(sheng)態、資源、區位優勢，把青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)作(zuo)為(wei)當地(di)(di)(di)特色效益農(nong)業(ye)(ye)支柱產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)之一。到(dao)2015年(nian)(nian)(nian)，甘(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)將達(da)到(dao)50萬畝(mu)，產(chan)(chan)值達(da)2.5億元，產(chan)(chan)品(pin)市場發(fa)展空間廣闊，為(wei)民(min)族地(di)(di)(di)區經濟發(fa)展、社會穩定(ding)、民(min)族團(tuan)結、改(gai)善農(nong)牧民(min)生(sheng)活脫貧(pin)致富(fu)(fu)起(qi)到(dao)積(ji)(ji)(ji)極(ji)作(zuo)用(yong)。

自(zi)然生態環境和人文歷史(shi)因素

甘孜青稞(ke)產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)地(di)處(chu)(chu)青藏高(gao)(gao)原(yuan)東南緣，地(di)勢北(bei)高(gao)(gao)南低、中部突(tu)起，河谷(gu)深切，山川平(ping)(ping)行相見(jian)，現(xian)代冰川發育(yu)。產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)土(tu)(tu)壤屬青藏高(gao)(gao)原(yuan)高(gao)(gao)寒(han)地(di)區(qu)(qu)的(de)高(gao)(gao)山土(tu)(tu)壤群(qun)系，以(yi)褐土(tu)(tu)、棕壤為主，pH值5.0-7.5，自然肥力水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)，有機質含量豐(feng)富，速效(xiao)養(yang)分(fen)低，熟化程度低，土(tu)(tu)層(ceng)薄，坡度大(da)(da)，熱(re)量不(bu)足(zu)，適合青稞(ke)生(sheng)長。 甘孜青稞(ke)是高(gao)(gao)原(yuan)特(te)殊氣候和種(zhong)植環境形成(cheng)的(de)區(qu)(qu)域性(xing)作物(wu)(wu)，與其它(ta)禾谷(gu)類作物(wu)(wu)相比(bi)，具有更強的(de)適應不(bu)良環境與抗逆生(sheng)存能力。甘孜青稞(ke)產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)大(da)(da)陸(lu)性(xing)高(gao)(gao)原(yuan)山地(di)季(ji)風氣候明顯（從低到高(gao)(gao)跨(kua)越6個氣候帶），晝夜(ye)溫(wen)差大(da)(da)，氣溫(wen)低，冬季(ji)漫長，四季(ji)不(bu)分(fen)明，無霜(shuang)期短，降水(shui)(shui)較(jiao)少(shao)，干(gan)雨季(ji)分(fen)明，光照強度大(da)(da)，日照豐(feng)富。冬半年(nian)寒(han)冷、干(gan)燥、降水(shui)(shui)稀少(shao)、多(duo)大(da)(da)風，夏半年(nian)氣溫(wen)不(bu)高(gao)(gao)且(qie)涼爽、降水(shui)(shui)集中、多(duo)夜(ye)雨和冰雹。產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)地(di)處(chu)(chu)高(gao)(gao)原(yuan)，太陽輻射強，日照充(chong)足(zu)，年(nian)日照時數1900-2600小時，日照百分(fen)率45%-60%，年(nian)總(zong)輻射量5500-7000兆焦耳/平(ping)(ping)方米(mi)，年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均降雨量320-920毫米(mi)，氣溫(wen)適宜，水(shui)(shui)熱(re)季(ji)節(jie)與作物(wu)(wu)生(sheng)長同季(ji)，特(te)別(bie)有利于甘孜青稞(ke)的(de)干(gan)物(wu)(wu)質積累。

地域范圍

甘(gan)(gan)孜青(qing)稞農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品地(di)(di)理(li)標志地(di)(di)域保護范圍(wei)包括四川省(sheng)甘(gan)(gan)孜藏族(zu)自(zi)治(zhi)(zhi)州(zhou)康定縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、丹巴縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、九龍縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、雅(ya)江縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、道孚縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、爐霍縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、甘(gan)(gan)孜縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、新龍縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、德格縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、白玉縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、石渠(qu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、色達縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、理(li)塘縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、巴塘縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、鄉城縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、稻城縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、得榮縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)等17個縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，地(di)(di)理(li)坐標為東經97°22'-102°29'，北緯27°58'-34°20'，東與雅(ya)安市接壤，南與涼山彝族(zu)自(zi)治(zhi)(zhi)州(zhou)、云南省(sheng)毗鄰，西與西藏藏族(zu)自(zi)治(zhi)(zhi)區交(jiao)界(jie)，北與阿壩藏族(zu)羌族(zu)自(zi)治(zhi)(zhi)州(zhou)、青(qing)海(hai)省(sheng)相連。保護面(mian)積50萬畝(mu)，年產(chan)(chan)量8.17萬噸。

品質特性特征

（1）外(wai)在感官(guan)特征：甘孜青(qing)稞根系較多；莖直立、空(kong)心，表(biao)面(mian)光(guang)滑，呈綠色(se)(se)，成(cheng)熟后黃(huang)色(se)(se)；葉厚而(er)(er)寬，葉色(se)(se)較淡(dan)；種子大而(er)(er)飽滿，籽粒裸露(lu)，與穎殼完(wan)全分離，有橢圓形(xing)、菱形(xing)和錐形(xing)等，顏色(se)(se)多種多樣，有黃(huang)色(se)(se)、綠色(se)(se)、褐色(se)(se)、紫(zi)色(se)(se)及黑色(se)(se)等。 

（2）內在品質(zhi)指標：甘孜青稞總淀粉≥52g/100g，維生素E≥1.0mg/kg，遠高于平(ping)均含(han)量，對促進(jin)人體(ti)健康發育有(you)著(zhu)積極(ji)作用。