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產品介紹

甘(gan)(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)歷史悠久，是(shi)(shi)(shi)甘(gan)(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)州(zhou)最古老的(de)糧(liang)食(shi)(shi)作(zuo)物(wu)之(zhi)一。據《甘(gan)(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)州(zhou)志》記載：“1978年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，在巴(ba)塘(tang)（隸(li)屬甘(gan)(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)州(zhou)）考古發(fa)(fa)(fa)現(xian)公(gong)(gong)元前(qian)2世紀黃河上(shang)游青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)海(hai)、甘(gan)(gan)肅文(wen)化色(se)彩(cai)的(de)古墓遺書，《隋(sui)書附國傳》中(zhong)有‘土宜小麥、青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)’的(de)記載，甘(gan)(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)州(zhou)培育(yu)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)有文(wen)字(zi)記載的(de)歷史在1400年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)以上(shang)。”青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)是(shi)(shi)(shi)甘(gan)(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)州(zhou)主(zhu)要(yao)糧(liang)食(shi)(shi)作(zuo)物(wu)之(zhi)一，也是(shi)(shi)(shi)藏族人(ren)民(min)生活不可替代的(de)傳統主(zhu)食(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)，其分(fen)(fen)布緯度(du)和(he)(he)海(hai)拔(ba)上(shang)限都較(jiao)其他糧(liang)食(shi)(shi)作(zuo)物(wu)高(gao)(gao)，播種(zhong)(zhong)面積和(he)(he)總產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)歷居州(zhou)糧(liang)作(zuo)首位(wei)。 甘(gan)(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)伴隨(sui)著甘(gan)(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)人(ren)民(min)的(de)酒文(wen)化流傳了(le)上(shang)千年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。在甘(gan)(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)州(zhou)，人(ren)們主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)將甘(gan)(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)的(de)籽(zi)粒炒熟(shu)磨粉后制(zhi)成(cheng)糌(zan)粑(ba)食(shi)(shi)用(yong)，在特(te)殊(shu)的(de)高(gao)(gao)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)地區(qu)(qu)(qu)，烹食(shi)(shi)非常方便，也能夠很(hen)好(hao)地滿(man)足(zu)人(ren)體所需(xu)營(ying)養成(cheng)分(fen)(fen)，深受甘(gan)(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)州(zhou)人(ren)民(min)的(de)喜愛。甘(gan)(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)的(de)籽(zi)粒也是(shi)(shi)(shi)優(you)良的(de)精飼料，對育(yu)肥牲畜有很(hen)好(hao)的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)，其秸稈是(shi)(shi)(shi)優(you)質的(de)飼草，質地柔和(he)(he)，對高(gao)(gao)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)地區(qu)(qu)(qu)牲畜的(de)越冬(dong)具(ju)有重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)。同時，甘(gan)(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)營(ying)養豐富(fu)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)釀造(zao)工(gong)業(ye)和(he)(he)食(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)工(gong)業(ye)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料，具(ju)有生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)條件(jian)和(he)(he)生活必需(xu)的(de)雙重(zhong)不可替代性。 甘(gan)(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)州(zhou)現(xian)建(jian)有全國唯一的(de)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)種(zhong)(zhong)基(ji)地、全國第(di)一個(ge)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)良種(zhong)(zhong)繁育(yu)基(ji)地和(he)(he)新(xin)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)育(yu)基(ji)地。2001年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，“青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)種(zhong)(zhong)基(ji)地建(jian)設”通(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)農業(ye)部(bu)驗收，每(mei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)可提供青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)種(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)良種(zhong)(zhong)20-30萬(wan)(wan)(wan)噸。2002年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)良種(zhong)(zhong)繁育(yu)基(ji)地建(jian)設批準立項(xiang)，該項(xiang)目已(yi)完(wan)成(cheng)各(ge)項(xiang)建(jian)設內容(rong)，于2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)省(sheng)農業(ye)廳驗收。近年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來，甘(gan)(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)按照區(qu)(qu)(qu)域化、規模(mo)化、標準化生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)要(yao)求(qiu)，打造(zao)特(te)種(zhong)(zhong)糧(liang)食(shi)(shi)核心(xin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)，形成(cheng)了(le)康北、康南優(you)質青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)帶，集(ji)中(zhong)推廣康青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)6號(hao)、7號(hao)等新(xin)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)，良種(zhong)(zhong)覆蓋(gai)率(lv)達(da)(da)(da)到90%以上(shang)，測(ce)土配方施肥60萬(wan)(wan)(wan)畝(mu)次。通(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)落實各(ge)項(xiang)技術措施，青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)單產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)從135公(gong)(gong)斤提高(gao)(gao)到180公(gong)(gong)斤，種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面積達(da)(da)(da)到45萬(wan)(wan)(wan)畝(mu)，總產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量達(da)(da)(da)到7.38萬(wan)(wan)(wan)噸，在青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)上(shang)自主(zhu)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)了(le)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)系(xi)列酒，與四川大(da)學合作(zuo)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)了(le)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)苗粉膠囊(nang)。 甘(gan)(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)各(ge)級黨委、政府(fu)高(gao)(gao)度(du)重(zhong)視青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)的(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展，利(li)用(yong)生態、資(zi)源、區(qu)(qu)(qu)位(wei)優(you)勢，把青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)作(zuo)為當地特(te)色(se)效益農業(ye)支柱產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)之(zhi)一。到2015年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，甘(gan)(gan)孜(zi)(zi)(zi)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面積將達(da)(da)(da)到50萬(wan)(wan)(wan)畝(mu)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)值達(da)(da)(da)2.5億元，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)市場發(fa)(fa)(fa)展空(kong)間廣闊，為民(min)族地區(qu)(qu)(qu)經濟發(fa)(fa)(fa)展、社會穩定、民(min)族團結(jie)、改(gai)善農牧(mu)民(min)生活脫貧致(zhi)富(fu)起到積極作(zuo)用(yong)。

自然(ran)生態環境和(he)人文歷(li)史(shi)因素

甘孜青(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)產區(qu)(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)處青(qing)(qing)(qing)藏高(gao)(gao)原(yuan)東(dong)南(nan)緣，地(di)(di)勢北高(gao)(gao)南(nan)低(di)(di)、中部突(tu)起(qi)，河(he)谷深切，山川(chuan)平行相見，現代冰(bing)川(chuan)發育。產區(qu)(qu)(qu)土(tu)(tu)壤屬青(qing)(qing)(qing)藏高(gao)(gao)原(yuan)高(gao)(gao)寒(han)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)高(gao)(gao)山土(tu)(tu)壤群系(xi)，以褐(he)土(tu)(tu)、棕壤為主，pH值5.0-7.5，自然肥力水平較高(gao)(gao)，有(you)機質含(han)量豐富，速效養分低(di)(di)，熟化程度(du)低(di)(di)，土(tu)(tu)層薄，坡度(du)大(da)，熱量不(bu)足，適(shi)合(he)青(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)生(sheng)長(chang)。 甘孜青(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)是(shi)高(gao)(gao)原(yuan)特殊氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)和種植環境形成的(de)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域性(xing)作物，與(yu)(yu)其它禾谷類作物相比(bi)，具有(you)更強的(de)適(shi)應(ying)不(bu)良環境與(yu)(yu)抗逆生(sheng)存能力。甘孜青(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)產區(qu)(qu)(qu)大(da)陸性(xing)高(gao)(gao)原(yuan)山地(di)(di)季(ji)(ji)(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)明(ming)顯（從(cong)低(di)(di)到高(gao)(gao)跨越6個氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)帶），晝夜溫(wen)(wen)差大(da)，氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)低(di)(di)，冬季(ji)(ji)(ji)漫長(chang)，四季(ji)(ji)(ji)不(bu)分明(ming)，無霜(shuang)期短(duan)，降(jiang)水較少，干雨(yu)(yu)季(ji)(ji)(ji)分明(ming)，光照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)強度(du)大(da)，日(ri)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)豐富。冬半年(nian)寒(han)冷、干燥、降(jiang)水稀(xi)少、多(duo)大(da)風(feng)，夏半年(nian)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)不(bu)高(gao)(gao)且涼(liang)爽、降(jiang)水集中、多(duo)夜雨(yu)(yu)和冰(bing)雹。產區(qu)(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)處高(gao)(gao)原(yuan)，太陽輻射(she)強，日(ri)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)充足，年(nian)日(ri)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)時(shi)數1900-2600小時(shi)，日(ri)照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)百分率(lv)45%-60%，年(nian)總(zong)輻射(she)量5500-7000兆焦(jiao)耳/平方米，年(nian)平均(jun)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量320-920毫米，氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)適(shi)宜，水熱季(ji)(ji)(ji)節與(yu)(yu)作物生(sheng)長(chang)同(tong)季(ji)(ji)(ji)，特別有(you)利于甘孜青(qing)(qing)(qing)稞(ke)的(de)干物質積累。

地域范圍

甘(gan)孜青(qing)稞(ke)農產品地(di)理標(biao)志地(di)域(yu)保護范圍包(bao)括四(si)川省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)甘(gan)孜藏族(zu)(zu)(zu)自(zi)治(zhi)(zhi)州(zhou)康(kang)定縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、丹(dan)巴(ba)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、九龍縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、雅(ya)江縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、道(dao)孚縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、爐霍縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、甘(gan)孜縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、新龍縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、德格縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、白玉縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、石渠縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、色達(da)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、理塘縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、巴(ba)塘縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、鄉城縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、稻城縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、得榮(rong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)等17個縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，地(di)理坐標(biao)為東(dong)經97°22'-102°29'，北緯(wei)27°58'-34°20'，東(dong)與雅(ya)安(an)市接壤，南與涼山彝族(zu)(zu)(zu)自(zi)治(zhi)(zhi)州(zhou)、云南省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)毗鄰，西與西藏藏族(zu)(zu)(zu)自(zi)治(zhi)(zhi)區(qu)交界，北與阿壩(ba)藏族(zu)(zu)(zu)羌(qiang)族(zu)(zu)(zu)自(zi)治(zhi)(zhi)州(zhou)、青(qing)海省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)相連(lian)。保護面積50萬畝，年產量8.17萬噸。

品質特性特征

（1）外在感官特征：甘孜青稞(ke)根系較(jiao)多；莖(jing)直立、空心，表面光(guang)滑，呈綠色(se)(se)(se)，成熟后黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se)；葉厚而(er)寬，葉色(se)(se)(se)較(jiao)淡(dan)；種子大而(er)飽滿，籽粒裸露，與穎殼(ke)完全分離，有橢圓(yuan)形(xing)、菱形(xing)和錐形(xing)等，顏色(se)(se)(se)多種多樣，有黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se)、綠色(se)(se)(se)、褐(he)色(se)(se)(se)、紫(zi)色(se)(se)(se)及黑(hei)色(se)(se)(se)等。 

（2）內在品質指(zhi)標：甘孜(zi)青稞總(zong)淀(dian)粉≥52g/100g，維生素E≥1.0mg/kg，遠高于平均含量(liang)，對促進人體健(jian)康(kang)發育有著積極作用。