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產品介紹

越(yue)(yue)西(xi)縣位于四川(chuan)省(sheng)南(nan)部(bu)(bu)，涼山(shan)州(zhou)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)，介于東經102°20′-102°54′，北(bei)緯28°18′-28°53′，海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)1600-2100m。越(yue)(yue)西(xi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)地理標志地域保護范圍(wei)為(wei)越(yue)(yue)西(xi)境內(nei)25個山(shan)區(qu)(qu)鄉鎮所屬的自然(ran)村，保護面積13067公頃(qing)。越(yue)(yue)西(xi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)果(guo)(guo)形(xing)腎形(xing)或心臟(zang)形(xing)，縫(feng)合線明(ming)顯。果(guo)(guo)柄中短(duan)，果(guo)(guo)大，果(guo)(guo)皮紅(hong)至紫(zi)紅(hong)色，皮色艷麗有光澤。果(guo)(guo)肉粉(fen)紅(hong)至玫瑰紅(hong)，肥厚(hou)多汁，質脆離核。風味(wei)酸甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)適度，品(pin)質佳。 越(yue)(yue)西(xi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)單果(guo)(guo)較重、可(ke)溶性固(gu)(gu)形(xing)物(wu)含(han)量高、營養(yang)豐富，含(han)有大量維生素(su)C及鈣、鐵等營養(yang)元素(su)。其(qi)單果(guo)(guo)重≥4g，可(ke)溶性固(gu)(gu)形(xing)物(wu)含(han)量≥14%、維生素(su)C ≥6mg/100g。 越(yue)(yue)西(xi)縣獨(du)特(te)(te)的環境被國(guo)內(nei)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)專家確定為(wei)中國(guo)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)最(zui)適栽(zai)培(pei)區(qu)(qu)，且為(wei)全(quan)國(guo)露(lu)地栽(zai)培(pei)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)最(zui)早(zao)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)的地區(qu)(qu)，果(guo)(guo)實的成熟(shu)(shu)(shu)期在4月下(xia)旬-5月下(xia)旬，同一甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)品(pin)種(zhong)果(guo)(guo)實的成熟(shu)(shu)(shu)期比(bi)省(sheng)內(nei)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)主產(chan)區(qu)(qu)提早(zao)成熟(shu)(shu)(shu)10 -15天，比(bi)北(bei)方(fang)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)主產(chan)區(qu)(qu)提早(zao)成熟(shu)(shu)(shu)25-30天。因此(ci)越(yue)(yue)西(xi)縣被稱為(wei)“西(xi)南(nan)高海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)特(te)(te)早(zao)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)栽(zai)培(pei)區(qu)(qu)”。 2004年取得農(nong)業部(bu)(bu)頒發的“綠色食品(pin)認(ren)證證書”。 甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)種(zhong)植(zhi)業列入“十二(er)五”經濟發展計劃， 計劃到2015年發展種(zhong)植(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)2000公頃(qing)，出臺多種(zhong)優惠政策，鼓勵農(nong)民種(zhong)植(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)。

自然生態環境和人(ren)文歷史因素(su)

（1）土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)地(di)貌(mao)情(qing)況(kuang)：越西(xi)縣主要(yao)地(di)貌(mao)為(wei)平壩、中高低(di)(di)山(shan)，山(shan)地(di)面積占90%以上，地(di)勢南高北低(di)(di)，由南向北傾斜，境(jing)內海拔差(cha)較大(da)(da)，大(da)(da)約為(wei)1000-2000米(mi)。最低(di)(di)海拔(梅花鄉巴(ba)姑河邊(bian))1170米(mi)，最高海拔(陽糯雪山(shan)的(de)主峰鏵頭尖)4791米(mi)，形成獨特(te)的(de)立(li)體(ti)氣(qi)候特(te)征。縣境(jing)內主要(yao)為(wei)水(shui)稻土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、紫色土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、黃(huang)壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、黃(huang)棕壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、潮土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、紅(hong)壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)和沼澤土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)7個土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)類，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)質(zhi)地(di)輕壤(rang)(rang)至(zhi)重壤(rang)(rang)。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)有機質(zhi)含量(liang)平均(jun)為(wei) 1.8 %， pH值6-7.5，酸堿適中。

（2）水文情況：境內大(da)小(xiao)河(he)(he)流密(mi)布，屬大(da)渡河(he)(he)水系的河(he)(he)流主(zhu)要有越(yue)西河(he)(he)、普雄河(he)(he)、漫灘河(he)(he)、寶珠拉(la)達河(he)(he)等；屬金沙江水系的有則(ze)普拉(la)達河(he)(he)、保石河(he)(he)等，河(he)(he)流總長(chang)度212.6公里，其中(zhong)以(yi)普雄河(he)(he)和越(yue)西河(he)(he)較長(chang)。

（3）氣(qi)候情況：越西(xi)縣(xian)屬北亞熱帶(dai)氣(qi)候，具(ju)有(you)年較差(cha)小(xiao)(xiao)、日較差(cha)大，立(li)體垂(chui)直氣(qi)候特(te)(te)征明顯等特(te)(te)點。海拔(ba)1600-2100米地區，年均氣(qi)溫(wen)為(wei)11.3-13.3℃，≥10℃的(de)年有(you)效(xiao)積溫(wen)3915.7-3200℃，平均降(jiang)水量1017-1113mm（主要(yao)集(ji)中在6-10月(yue)，年日照時數(shu)1612.9-1860小(xiao)(xiao)時，無霜期248-225天，特(te)(te)別(bie)是氣(qi)候溫(wen)穩定通過(guo)5℃的(de)初日在于2月(yue)下旬，春季(ji)氣(qi)溫(wen)回升快，使得果實成熟特(te)(te)早。

（4）人(ren)文歷(li)史(shi)情況：越(yue)西縣(xian)歷(li)史(shi)悠久(jiu)，因越(yue)過嶲水設郡縣(xian)而得(de)名。漢帝元鼎6年設置(zhi)越(yue)嶲郡，今越(yue)西縣(xian)時(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)越(yue)嶲郡領(ling)之(zhi)“闌縣(xian)”。晉太康(kang)8年文昌帝君張亞子誕生(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)境(jing)內(nei)(nei)中(zhong)(zhong)所(suo)水鎮。北周天和3年設置(zhi)邛都縣(xian)至隋唐(tang)，明洪武25年設置(zhi)越(yue)嶲衛，民(min)國2年改越(yue)嶲縣(xian)，是南(nan)方(fang)絲綢之(zhi)路(lu)的(de)(de)要塞，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)彝族世(shi)居(ju)地(di)。 從二十世(shi)紀七(qi)十年代開始(shi)，越(yue)西縣(xian)大(da)量種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)，自此(ci)(ci)便(bian)與人(ren)們(men)(men)(men)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)密不(bu)可分，特(te)別是與彝族畢摩(mo)文化緊(jin)密聯系：甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)因其(qi)果(guo)實(shi)艷麗、枝(zhi)葉純潔、生(sheng)(sheng)命力強(qiang)被(bei)(bei)(bei)彝人(ren)同(tong)(tong)鐵(tie)(tie)杉樹(shu)(shu)(shu)一(yi)道敬為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“神(shen)(shen)枝(zhi)”，鐵(tie)(tie)杉生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)于(yu)高(gao)(gao)寒之(zhi)山，寓(yu)意陽剛，象(xiang)征男(nan)性，甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)于(yu)低山、寓(yu)意陰(yin)柔，象(xiang)征母性，以男(nan)、女性相對應(ying)，象(xiang)征彝人(ren)男(nan)、女相互(hu)依從繁(fan)衍生(sheng)(sheng)息，人(ren)們(men)(men)(men)從此(ci)(ci)過上(shang)幸福(fu)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)。據(ju)彝族畢摩(mo)經(jing)書記載：遠古(gu)時(shi)(shi)代，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)彝人(ren)的(de)(de)興旺發(fa)達、幸福(fu)安康(kang)，上(shang)天授意人(ren)間請(qing)畢摩(mo)做(zuo)法事，于(yu)是彝人(ren)先民(min)用(yong)金銀財寶做(zuo)神(shen)(shen)枝(zhi)、野獸(shou)野禽做(zuo)祭(ji)牲(sheng)；到了(le)著名的(de)(de)彝族畢摩(mo)黑(hei)畢始(shi)祖(zu)時(shi)(shi)代，改用(yong)鐵(tie)(tie)杉樹(shu)(shu)(shu)和山櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)做(zuo)神(shen)(shen)枝(zhi)、家(jia)(jia)畜家(jia)(jia)獸(shou)做(zuo)祭(ji)牲(sheng)；時(shi)(shi)至今日(ri)，眾多彝族在請(qing)畢摩(mo)進行祈(qi)福(fu)、小(xiao)孩(hai)出(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)等(deng)多種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)隆重法式時(shi)(shi)，都用(yong)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)和鐵(tie)(tie)杉樹(shu)(shu)(shu)做(zuo)成(cheng)神(shen)(shen)枝(zhi)、神(shen)(shen)柱、神(shen)(shen)枷、神(shen)(shen)叉、神(shen)(shen)財，同(tong)(tong)雞、豬、羊、牛祭(ji)牲(sheng)一(yi)起(qi)進行祭(ji)祀，祈(qi)求幸福(fu)安康(kang)，萬事如意。甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)因此(ci)(ci)被(bei)(bei)(bei)人(ren)們(men)(men)(men)稱之(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“吉祥(xiang)之(zhi)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)、甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)果(guo)實(shi)被(bei)(bei)(bei)人(ren)們(men)(men)(men)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“吉祥(xiang)之(zhi)果(guo)”。 甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)原產(chan)歐洲，性喜(xi)冷涼干燥(zao)，日(ri)照充(chong)足，對生(sheng)(sheng)態條件要求嚴格，適(shi)應(ying)區域狹小(xiao)，全(quan)(quan)國種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面積不(bu)大(da)。越(yue)西縣(xian)獨特(te)的(de)(de)環境(jing)被(bei)(bei)(bei)國內(nei)(nei)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)專家(jia)(jia)確定(ding)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)國甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)最(zui)適(shi)栽培區，且為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)(quan)國露地(di)栽培甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)最(zui)早(zao)熟(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)地(di)區，果(guo)實(shi)的(de)(de)成(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)期在4月下旬-5月下旬，同(tong)(tong)一(yi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)果(guo)實(shi)的(de)(de)成(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)期比省內(nei)(nei)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)主產(chan)區提(ti)早(zao)成(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)10 -15天，比北方(fang)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)主產(chan)區提(ti)早(zao)成(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)25-30天。因此(ci)(ci)越(yue)西縣(xian)被(bei)(bei)(bei)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“西南(nan)高(gao)(gao)海拔(ba)特(te)早(zao)熟(shu)(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)栽培區”。 越(yue)西縣(xian)已陸續建(jian)立了(le)一(yi)批(pi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)科技示范園，同(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)建(jian)立了(le)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)資源圃、 母本(ben)采穗圃、苗(miao)木繁(fan)殖圃，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)越(yue)西縣(xian)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)可持續發(fa)展(zhan)奠定(ding)了(le)良好的(de)(de)基礎。目前(qian)全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)面積333公頃(qing)(qing)，引入了(le)國內(nei)(nei)外優良品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)40多個，已成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)特(te)早(zao)熟(shu)(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)基地(di)。縣(xian)政府已將(jiang)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)業列入“十一(yi)五(wu)”經(jing)濟發(fa)展(zhan)計(ji)劃，制定(ding)了(le)特(te)早(zao)熟(shu)(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)基地(di)建(jian)設長(chang)遠發(fa)展(zhan)規劃，將(jiang)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)產(chan)業作為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)促農增收的(de)(de)新的(de)(de)經(jing)濟增長(chang)點來(lai)培育。計(ji)劃到2015年發(fa)展(zhan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)2000公頃(qing)(qing)，出(chu)臺(tai)多種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)優惠政策，鼓勵農民(min)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)，甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)給果(guo)農帶(dai)來(lai)了(le)可觀的(de)(de)經(jing)濟效益，大(da)大(da)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)了(le)農民(min)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)積極性，特(te)早(zao)熟(shu)(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)基地(di)已初具規模。

地域范圍

越西甜櫻桃農產(chan)品地(di)(di)理標志地(di)(di)域保(bao)護范(fan)圍(wei)為越西境內25個(ge)山(shan)(shan)區(qu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)所(suo)屬的自然村，具體是大(da)花鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、丁山(shan)(shan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、中所(suo)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、大(da)瑞鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、南箐鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、馬(ma)拖(tuo)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、新鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、五里箐鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、越城鎮(zhen)(zhen)、河東鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、西山(shan)(shan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、大(da)屯鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、新民鎮(zhen)(zhen)、板橋鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、瓦巖鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、普雄鎮(zhen)(zhen)、樂青地(di)(di)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、貢目鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、依洛地(di)(di)壩鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、拉白鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、鐵西鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、拉普鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、爾覺鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、四(si)甘(gan)普鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、保(bao)安鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)和(he)山(shan)(shan)間盆地(di)(di)，保(bao)護面積13067公頃，產(chan)量(liang)10000噸。越西縣位于四(si)川省南部，涼山(shan)(shan)州北(bei)部，介于東經102°20′-102°54′，北(bei)緯28°18′-28°53′，產(chan)區(qu)海拔1600-2100m。

品質特性特征

外在感(gan)官(guan)特(te)征：越西甜(tian)櫻桃(tao)果形(xing)腎形(xing)或心(xin)臟形(xing)，縫合線明顯。果柄(bing)中(zhong)短，果大，果皮紅至紫紅色，皮色艷麗有光(guang)澤。果肉粉紅至玫(mei)瑰紅，肥(fei)厚多(duo)汁，質(zhi)脆離核。風味酸甜(tian)適度，品質(zhi)佳。

（2）內在品質指標：越西甜櫻(ying)桃單果較(jiao)重、可(ke)溶(rong)性(xing)固形(xing)物含量(liang)高、營養(yang) 豐富，含有大(da)量(liang)維(wei)生素C及(ji)鈣、鐵等(deng)營養(yang)元(yuan)素。其單果重≥4g，可(ke)溶(rong)性(xing)固形(xing)物含量(liang)≥14%、維(wei)生素C ≥6mg/100g。