芒果视频下载

一.產品介紹

2013年，“涼(liang)山(shan)桑蠶繭”評(ping)為四川省20大區(qu)域公共品(pin)牌，品(pin)牌價(jia)值11.93億(yi)元(yuan)。種植基地40.2萬畝，產量49.09萬擔，綜合(he)產值30.37億(yi)元(yuan)，蠶農收入9億(yi)元(yuan)，是民族地區(qu)經濟發展和農民增收的重要支(zhi)柱產業。2013年12月涼(liang)山(shan)州被中國(guo)絲(si)綢協會評(ping)為“中國(guo)蠶絲(si)之都(dou)”。

二.自然生(sheng)態環(huan)境和人(ren)文歷史因素

（1）土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)地貌情況：涼山(shan)州(zhou)位(wei)于青(qing)藏高(gao)原(yuan)東南(nan)緣(yuan)，四(si)川省西南(nan)部(bu)橫斷山(shan)區東北部(bu)，區域(yu)內地貌復雜多樣，以層狀(zhuang)地貌發育。地貌以山(shan)地為主(zhu)，約(yue)占幅員面(mian)積(ji)的80%，山(shan)原(yuan)次之(zhi)，丘陵(ling)、沖積(ji)平原(yuan)、寬谷和斷陷盆地約(yue)占10%。涼山(shan)州(zhou)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)類型(xing)以紫色土(tu)(tu)、紅壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)、黃棕壤(rang)、棕壤(rang)為主(zhu)，占土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)總面(mian)積(ji)的80％，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)結構好，土(tu)(tu)層深厚且疏松，透氣(qi)性好，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)微酸，pH值在5.8-7.5之(zhi)間，養分(fen)含(han)(han)量較高(gao)，有機質含(han)(han)量1～4%，堿解(jie)氮和速(su)效(xiao)鉀(jia)含(han)(han)量豐富，堿解(jie)氮60～135ppm，速(su)效(xiao)磷5～25ppm，速(su)效(xiao)鉀(jia)在50～170ppm以上，適(shi)宜生長優質蠶(can)桑(sang)。 

（2）水文情況(kuang)：涼山(shan)州(zhou)境內雨量豐(feng)富，河(he)(he)流(liu)縱橫，山(shan)地水系(xi)發(fa)達，除安寧河(he)(he)谷外，多數(shu)為山(shan)地河(he)(he)流(liu)。流(liu)域(yu)面積在(zai)100平方公(gong)(gong)里以上(shang)的(de)大(da)小河(he)(he)流(liu)共160多條(tiao)，流(liu)域(yu)面積1000平方公(gong)(gong)里以上(shang)的(de)主要有(you)雅龍江等13條(tiao)河(he)(he)流(liu)，其中安寧河(he)(he)是涼山(shan)州(zhou)最大(da)的(de)河(he)(he)流(liu)，全長326公(gong)(gong)里，流(liu)經州(zhou)境內222公(gong)(gong)里，貫穿冕寧、西昌(chang)和德昌(chang)3個縣(xian)市(shi)，共有(you)大(da)小支流(liu)18條(tiao)，最大(da)支流(liu)有(you)孫(sun)水河(he)(he)、錦川河(he)(he)、河(he)(he)曲河(he)(he)。 

（3）氣(qi)候(hou)情(qing)況：涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)州適宜(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)桑(sang)(sang)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)廣闊，有(you)“無(wu)地(di)(di)不(bu)宜(yi)(yi)桑(sang)(sang)，無(wu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)宜(yi)(yi)蠶(can)(can)(can)”之稱，其立體氣(qi)候(hou)特征(zheng)明(ming)顯，光熱水資(zi)源豐(feng)富，雨(yu)(yu)熱同(tong)季，晝(zhou)夜(ye)溫(wen)差大，農業氣(qi)候(hou)條件(jian)比較優越(yue)。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)(liang)776mm～1176mm，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)日照時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)數1227～2603h，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)10.1～19℃，≥10℃的(de)(de)(de)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)積(ji)溫(wen)4500～5760℃，無(wu)霜期(qi)202.9～346天(tian)(tian)。涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)州獨特的(de)(de)(de)干(gan)旱兩季分明(ming)、日照時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)數長、冬暖夏涼(liang)、雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)集(ji)中(zhong)等氣(qi)候(hou)特征(zheng)是(shi)栽(zai)(zai)桑(sang)(sang)養蠶(can)(can)(can)最佳適宜(yi)(yi)區(qu)(qu)(qu)。涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)州蠶(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)為典(dian)型的(de)(de)(de)亞熱帶(dai)季風氣(qi)候(hou)，具(ju)有(you)氣(qi)溫(wen)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)較差小（12－14℃），低于四(si)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)盆(pen)(pen)地(di)(di)1－4℃，氣(qi)溫(wen)日較差大（年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)值10－14℃），比四(si)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)盆(pen)(pen)地(di)(di)大3－6℃。蠶(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)內年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)14－22℃，比四(si)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)盆(pen)(pen)地(di)(di)高(gao)3.8℃，比南充(chong)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)高(gao)4.5℃。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)960－1143mm之間，夜(ye)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)占年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)75％，白天(tian)(tian)降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)占25％，降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間多集(ji)中(zhong)在5－9月，雨(yu)(yu)熱同(tong)季、夜(ye)雨(yu)(yu)晝(zhou)晴。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)相對(dui)濕度62％－65％。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)日照數2200小時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)－2500小時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，比四(si)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)盆(pen)(pen)地(di)(di)多825小時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)－1200小時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)；比南充(chong)多900小時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)－1000小時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。≥10℃的(de)(de)(de)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)積(ji)溫(wen)5000－7500℃；全年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)無(wu)霜期(qi)290天(tian)(tian)－360天(tian)(tian)。獨特的(de)(de)(de)光熱資(zi)源是(shi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)優質桑(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)利條件(jian)，涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)種植桑(sang)(sang)樹生(sheng)長期(qi)長達(da)290多天(tian)(tian)，產(chan)(chan)葉(xie)(xie)量(liang)(liang)(liang)高(gao)，桑(sang)(sang)樹當年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)生(sheng)枝條可達(da)4.5米以(yi)上(shang)，單株產(chan)(chan)葉(xie)(xie)量(liang)(liang)(liang)可達(da)4公(gong)斤以(yi)上(shang)。寧南、會東、德(de)昌、甘(gan)洛等地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)桑(sang)(sang)葉(xie)(xie)36片即有(you)0.5公(gong)斤，較四(si)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)內地(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)葉(xie)(xie)高(gao)一倍以(yi)上(shang)。蠶(can)(can)(can)區(qu)(qu)(qu)一年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)可養4-5季蠶(can)(can)(can)。涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)被國內蠶(can)(can)(can)業專家譽(yu)為“發(fa)展蠶(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)不(bu)可多得(de)的(de)(de)(de)一塊寶地(di)(di)”。 

（4）人(ren)(ren)文歷史(shi)情況：涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)州(zhou)(zhou)境內(nei)(nei)居住著彝、漢(han)、藏、回、苗、蒙古、傈僳等(deng)14個世居民族(zu)，全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)總(zong)人(ren)(ren)口(kou)約448萬(wan)(wan)人(ren)(ren)，農(nong)民388萬(wan)(wan)人(ren)(ren)，其(qi)中(zhong)彝族(zu)人(ren)(ren)口(kou)208萬(wan)(wan)多人(ren)(ren)，占總(zong)人(ren)(ren)口(kou)的(de)46.5%，是全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)國最大(da)的(de)彝族(zu)聚居區(qu)。涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)州(zhou)(zhou)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)桑(sang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)歷史(shi)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)早。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)四世紀，“南(nan)(nan)方絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)綢之(zhi)路(lu)”途徑(jing)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)，沿(yan)線人(ren)(ren)民受其(qi)影響，開始栽(zai)(zai)(zai)桑(sang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)，所產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)，稱為(wei)“山(shan)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)”，匯入(ru)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)綢之(zhi)路(lu)。、唐(tang)代(dai)(dai)(dai)蠶(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)盛(sheng)。四川通志(zhi)食貨(huo)志(zhi)，物產(chan)(chan)(chan)卷七(qi)十四載(zai)：“絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)布(bu)(唐(tang)志(zhi))崔(cui)州(zhou)(zhou)貢絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)布(bu)花布(bu)(無和(he)(he)志(zhi))崔(cui)州(zhou)(zhou)貢絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)布(bu)”。在公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)806年(nian)(nian)(nian)唐(tang)憲宗元(yuan)和(he)(he)年(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)(jian)即以(yi)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)布(bu)入(ru)貢。唐(tang)代(dai)(dai)(dai)以(yi)后(hou)，涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)冕(mian)寧(ning)(ning)縣(xian)的(de)瀘(lu)寧(ning)(ning)、甘(gan)洛的(de)田壩和(he)(he)西(xi)昌(chang)(chang)等(deng)地(di)蠶(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)初具規模，有(you)(you)一定數量的(de)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)織品在市場交(jiao)易(yi)。至(zhi)明、清(qing)代(dai)(dai)(dai)，西(xi)昌(chang)(chang)、冕(mian)寧(ning)(ning)、會(hui)(hui)理(li)、越(yue)等(deng)縣(xian)區(qu)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)桑(sang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)盛(sheng)。《西(xi)昌(chang)(chang)縣(xian)志(zhi)》所載(zai)：“蠶(can)(can)(can)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)發(fa)展清(qing)代(dai)(dai)(dai)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)盛(sheng)”。民國期(qi)(qi)間(jian)(jian)，雖(sui)(sui)有(you)(you)進(jin)(jin)(jin)取，但由于社會(hui)(hui)及經濟技術等(deng)原(yuan)因而無大(da)成效，乃(nai)至(zhi)衰退(tui)。據川康(kang)邊(bian)(bian)政(zheng)(zheng)資料輯要記載(zai)：“民國二十九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1940年(nian)(nian)(nian))西(xi)昌(chang)(chang)、冕(mian)寧(ning)(ning)、德昌(chang)(chang)、會(hui)(hui)理(li)、鹽(yan)源(yuan)、鹽(yan)邊(bian)(bian)、越(yue)西(xi)、普(pu)格等(deng)縣(xian)尚有(you)(you)桑(sang)樹41.38萬(wan)(wan)株，產(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)20.69萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤。西(xi)昌(chang)(chang)城內(nei)(nei)和(he)(he)禮州(zhou)(zhou)有(you)(you)10家蠶(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)廠。年(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)500馱(約37 500公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤)，經云南(nan)(nan)銷往緬甸等(deng)國。以(yi)后(hou)逐漸衰退(tui)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)量下降在5萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤左右。1947年(nian)(nian)(nian)西(xi)昌(chang)(chang)、德昌(chang)(chang)、冕(mian)寧(ning)(ning)、瀘(lu)寧(ning)(ning)、鹽(yan)邊(bian)(bian)、普(pu)格和(he)(he)西(xi)昌(chang)(chang)農(nong)場、會(hui)(hui)理(li)農(nong)場共(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)26238公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤，產(chan)(chan)(chan)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)41055公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)兩。至(zhi)1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)量只有(you)(you)2.6萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤”。解放后(hou)，黨和(he)(he)國家重視蠶(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)。1951年(nian)(nian)(nian)西(xi)康(kang)省農(nong)林廳在石棉設(she)立(li)蠶(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)(ye)指導所，1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)西(xi)昌(chang)(chang)專區(qu)10個縣(xian)都(dou)開始栽(zai)(zai)(zai)桑(sang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)。1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)已栽(zai)(zai)(zai)桑(sang)114.58萬(wan)(wan)株，發(fa)蠶(can)(can)(can)種4588張，產(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)10.8萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤，1957年(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou)，大(da)躍進(jin)(jin)(jin)期(qi)(qi)間(jian)(jian)，蠶(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)受到(dao)(dao)破(po)壞(huai) “文化(hua)大(da)革(ge)命(ming)”開始，蠶(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)又遭到(dao)(dao)嚴重挫折。1970年(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)區(qu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)僅有(you)(you)2.92萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤。接近解放前1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)水(shui)平(ping)。1971年(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou)雖(sui)(sui)逐年(nian)(nian)(nian)有(you)(you)所恢復，在1978年(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)區(qu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)仍只6.91萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤。黨的(de)十一屆三中(zhong)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)會(hui)(hui)后(hou)，涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)州(zhou)(zhou)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)為(wei)恢復蠶(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)，落實獎勵(li)政(zheng)(zheng)策，扶持各(ge)地(di)發(fa)展栽(zai)(zai)(zai)桑(sang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)。中(zhong)共(gong)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)州(zhou)(zhou)委(wei)設(she)立(li)蠶(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)領導小組，各(ge)縣(xian)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)固定專人(ren)(ren)負責蠶(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)，在重點蠶(can)(can)(can)區(qu)設(she)立(li)指導站(組)。1980年(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)產(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)上升到(dao)(dao)15.1萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤。1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)產(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)達80.8萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤。1982年(nian)(nian)(nian)寧(ning)(ning)南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)籌建絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)廠，1988年(nian)(nian)(nian)會(hui)(hui)東縣(xian)建成聯辦(ban)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)廠，促進(jin)(jin)(jin)了(le)蠶(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)快的(de)發(fa)展。1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)有(you)(you)12個縣(xian)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)桑(sang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)，累計栽(zai)(zai)(zai)桑(sang)12043萬(wan)(wan)株。產(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)213.07萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤（4.26萬(wan)(wan)擔(dan)）。

近十(shi)多年(nian)(nian)來，特別是“十(shi)五”以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)來，涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)進(jin)入(ru)了(le)(le)持續、快速、健康的(de)(de)(de)發展軌(gui)道。年(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)平均100萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)（2萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔(dan)(dan)(dan)）以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上速度遞增(zeng)，到 2008年(nian)(nian)，涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)州桑(sang)樹種植面積達(da)到35萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)畝，蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)達(da)到37.1萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔(dan)(dan)(dan)，蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)絲業(ye)(ye)綜合(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)值12億(yi)元，蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)農(nong)收入(ru)4.3億(yi)元。寧(ning)南(nan)(nan)(nan)、會(hui)東、德(de)昌等(deng)(deng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian) 產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)規(gui)模不(bu)斷擴(kuo)大，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈條不(bu)斷完善，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)效益不(bu)斷提高，成(cheng)為我州發展農(nong)村經濟，促進(jin)農(nong)民增(zeng)收的(de)(de)(de)一大支柱產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)。為確(que)保涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)優質(zhi)桑(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)和(he)信譽，涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)州技術監督局于(yu)2005年(nian)(nian)組織(zhi)專家(jia)制定并發布(bu)了(le)(le)《桑(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)飼育技術規(gui)程》等(deng)(deng)6個農(nong)業(ye)(ye)地方標(biao)(biao)準，內(nei)容(rong)涵蓋了(le)(le)育苗、栽桑(sang)、養蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)、蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)分(fen)級、收烘(hong)、銷售等(deng)(deng)全過程。涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)從此走(zou)上了(le)(le)標(biao)(biao)準化(hua)(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)道路。生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過程規(gui)范(fan)(fan)化(hua)(hua)、標(biao)(biao)準化(hua)(hua)。做到了(le)(le)桑(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)品種優良化(hua)(hua)、桑(sang)園(yuan)栽培規(gui)范(fan)(fan)化(hua)(hua)、小(xiao)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)共育專業(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)、大蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)飼養標(biao)(biao)準化(hua)(hua)、消毒防(fang)病(bing)統一化(hua)(hua)。推(tui)行了(le)(le)鮮(xian)殼量(liang)(liang)計(ji)價辦法，實現了(le)(le)儀(yi)評收繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，熱風烘(hong)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)機烘(hong)炕，確(que)保了(le)(le)涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)桑(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)，形成(cheng)了(le)(le)獨具特色的(de)(de)(de)“涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)模式”蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)水平在(zai)全省(sheng)處于(yu)領先地位。2008年(nian)(nian)全州養蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)44萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)張(zhang)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)1855萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)（37.1萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔(dan)(dan)(dan)），占(zhan)四(si)川(chuan)省(sheng)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)20％，是四(si)川(chuan)省(sheng)最(zui)大的(de)(de)(de)優質(zhi)桑(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和(he)國(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)優質(zhi)桑(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)基(ji)地。蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)和(he)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)連續六年(nian)(nian)排(pai)名全省(sheng)第一，蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)在(zai)50萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)（萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔(dan)(dan)(dan)）以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)有寧(ning)南(nan)(nan)(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、會(hui)東縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、德(de)昌縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、西昌市、普格(ge)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、冕寧(ning)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、會(hui)理縣(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng)(deng)8個縣(xian)(xian)(xian)市，其中寧(ning)南(nan)(nan)(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)775萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)（15.5）萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔(dan)(dan)(dan)，是四(si)川(chuan)省(sheng)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)第一大縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，會(hui)東縣(xian)(xian)(xian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)390萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)（7.8萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔(dan)(dan)(dan)），德(de)昌縣(xian)(xian)(xian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)265萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)（5.3萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔(dan)(dan)(dan)），為蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)綜合(he)開發利用創造了(le)(le)基(ji)礎條件。

2002年(nian)(nian)(nian)寧(ning)(ning)(ning)南(nan)(nan)(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、會東(dong)(dong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、德昌(chang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、西(xi)(xi)(xi)昌(chang)市、普格縣(xian)(xian)(xian)被列為(wei)(wei)“四(si)(si)(si)川省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)第一批優(you)質(zhi)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)基(ji)地(di)”建(jian)設項(xiang)目(mu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)；同(tong)(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)寧(ning)(ning)(ning)南(nan)(nan)(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、會東(dong)(dong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、德昌(chang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、普格縣(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)在中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)西(xi)(xi)(xi)部(bu)博覽會上(shang)被評為(wei)(wei)“名(ming)優(you)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)”；2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)寧(ning)(ning)(ning)南(nan)(nan)(nan)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)功注冊“南(nan)(nan)(nan)絲(si)(si)(si)路”牌(pai)商標(biao)，“南(nan)(nan)(nan)絲(si)(si)(si)路”牌(pai)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)榮獲(huo)了(le)(le)“四(si)(si)(si)川省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)知名(ming)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)”、“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)名(ming)優(you)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)”、“四(si)(si)(si)川省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)著(zhu)(zhu)名(ming)商標(biao)”、“無(wu)公害(hai)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)”等榮譽稱號(hao)；2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)寧(ning)(ning)(ning)南(nan)(nan)(nan)、會東(dong)(dong)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)在第二屆中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)西(xi)(xi)(xi)部(bu)博覽會上(shang)分別被評為(wei)(wei)“金獎”、“優(you)質(zhi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)獎”；寧(ning)(ning)(ning)南(nan)(nan)(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)于(yu)2006年(nian)(nian)(nian)被國(guo)家定(ding)為(wei)(wei)優(you)質(zhi)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)“國(guo)家農業(ye)(ye)標(biao)準化示范區”，2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)被國(guo)家定(ding)為(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)移“蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)基(ji)地(di)建(jian)設單位(wei)”。涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)以質(zhi)量(liang)好(hao)，品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)優(you)而聞名(ming)國(guo)內(nei)外(wai)，其繭(jian)(jian)(jian)形(xing)大而勻整(zheng)，繭(jian)(jian)(jian)層厚(hou)實、繭(jian)(jian)(jian)色潔白、繭(jian)(jian)(jian)依蓬松、外(wai)觀無(wu)污(wu)物；粒繭(jian)(jian)(jian)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)絲(si)(si)(si)長≥1100米，解舒率(lv)(lv)≥70％，上(shang)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)率(lv)(lv)≥90％，干(gan)正(zheng)(zheng)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)上(shang)車率(lv)(lv)≥95％，干(gan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)層率(lv)(lv)≥50％，深受市場(chang)(chang)歡(huan)迎，每公斤干(gan)正(zheng)(zheng)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)銷售價(jia)格高于(yu)四(si)(si)(si)川內(nei)地(di)6-8元。，高于(yu)江(jiang)浙1－2元。上(shang)世紀80－90年(nian)(nian)(nian)代產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)遠銷日(ri)本、歐美，后隨著(zhu)(zhu)國(guo)內(nei)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)絲(si)(si)(si)制品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)技術(shu)提(ti)高，國(guo)民生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活水品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)提(ti)高，國(guo)際、國(guo)內(nei)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)價(jia)格相同(tong)(tong)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)停止(zhi)了(le)(le)出(chu)口(kou)(kou)，67％桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)銷往四(si)(si)(si)川、上(shang)海、江(jiang)蘇(su)、浙江(jiang)等省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)市。涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)不僅是(shi)重(zhong)要的(de)(de)優(you)質(zhi)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)基(ji)地(di)，還(huan)是(shi)四(si)(si)(si)川省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)重(zhong)要的(de)(de)優(you)質(zhi)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)及供(gong)應調節基(ji)地(di)。2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)州(zhou)(zhou)兩個蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)場(chang)(chang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)優(you)質(zhi)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)93.26萬張，占全省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)總量(liang)的(de)(de)37％，成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)全省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)規(gui)模最(zui)大，質(zhi)量(liang)最(zui)好(hao)的(de)(de)優(you)質(zhi)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)供(gong)應基(ji)地(di)。涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)州(zhou)(zhou)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)場(chang)(chang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)于(yu)2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)在國(guo)家工(gong)(gong)商行政管理(li)總局成(cheng)功注冊了(le)(le)“桑(sang)(sang)(sang)花(hua)”牌(pai)商標(biao)，西(xi)(xi)(xi)昌(chang)市蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)場(chang)(chang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)從(cong)2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)開(kai)(kai)始出(chu)口(kou)(kou)遠銷塔(ta)吉(ji)克(ke)斯(si)坦(tan)，已累計出(chu)口(kou)(kou)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)21.9萬張，塔(ta)吉(ji)克(ke)斯(si)坦(tan)還(huan)派蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)技術(shu)人員在西(xi)(xi)(xi)昌(chang)市蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)場(chang)(chang)學(xue)習蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)技術(shu)，贏得了(le)(le)國(guo)際蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)界的(de)(de)信任，建(jian)立(li)了(le)(le)長期(qi)的(de)(de)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)合(he)(he)作(zuo)關系。涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)新建(jian)了(le)(le)設備全省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)一流的(de)(de)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)冷庫，州(zhou)(zhou)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質(zhi)檢站在全省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)同(tong)(tong)行業(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)首(shou)先通(tong)過省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質(zhi)檢資(zi)質(zhi)和計量(liang)認(ren)證，為(wei)(wei)全州(zhou)(zhou)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)提(ti)供(gong)了(le)(le)更加(jia)方便、更加(jia)快捷、更加(jia)安(an)全的(de)(de)服務。隨著(zhu)(zhu)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)，涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)州(zhou)(zhou)已擁有(you)繅絲(si)(si)(si)企業(ye)(ye)5戶，自(zi)動繅絲(si)(si)(si)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線30組12000緒，年(nian)(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)絲(si)(si)(si)1000噸。桑(sang)(sang)(sang)、蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)、絲(si)(si)(si)系列產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)取得了(le)(le)新的(de)(de)突破。西(xi)(xi)(xi)昌(chang)華茂絲(si)(si)(si)綢有(you)限(xian)公司年(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)1000噸繅絲(si)(si)(si)廠完成(cheng)選(xuan)址和項(xiang)目(mu)設計，德昌(chang)元坤綠(lv)色食品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)有(you)限(xian)公司6000噸桑(sang)(sang)(sang)椹加(jia)工(gong)(gong)項(xiang)目(mu)建(jian)成(cheng)投產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)蛹深加(jia)工(gong)(gong)提(ti)取活性化合(he)(he)物項(xiang)目(mu)落戶寧(ning)(ning)(ning)南(nan)(nan)(nan)。為(wei)(wei)涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)化發(fa)展(zhan)提(ti)供(gong)了(le)(le)保障。

三.地域范圍

涼(liang)(liang)山州位(wei)于四川(chuan)(chuan)省(sheng)西南部(bu)(bu)橫斷山區東(dong)(dong)北部(bu)(bu)，青藏高(gao)原(yuan)東(dong)(dong)南緣，界于四川(chuan)(chuan)盆地與云南省(sheng)中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)高(gao)原(yuan)之間。地理位(wei)置北緯26°03′—29°18′，東(dong)(dong)經(jing)100°15′—103°52′之間。南北長370公里，東(dong)(dong)西寬360公里，全州幅員面(mian)積(ji)(ji)6.04萬平方公里，占(zhan)四川(chuan)(chuan)省(sheng)的(de)12.5%。涼(liang)(liang)山桑蠶繭農產品地理標(biao)志地域保(bao)護范圍為涼(liang)(liang)山州境內的(de)寧南縣(xian)(xian)、會(hui)東(dong)(dong)縣(xian)(xian)、德昌(chang)縣(xian)(xian)、西昌(chang)市(shi)（含西昌(chang)農場）、冕(mian)寧縣(xian)(xian)、普(pu)格縣(xian)(xian)、會(hui)理縣(xian)(xian)、金(jin)陽縣(xian)(xian)、甘洛縣(xian)(xian)、雷(lei)波縣(xian)(xian)、喜德縣(xian)(xian)、鹽源縣(xian)(xian)、布拖(tuo)縣(xian)(xian)等 13個縣(xian)(xian)市(shi)的(de)211個鄉鎮895個行政村(cun)，保(bao)護面(mian)積(ji)(ji)3.33萬公頃(qing)，年(nian)產桑蠶繭3000萬公斤（60萬擔）。

四.產品品質特性特征

（1）外觀(guan)感官(guan)特征: 涼(liang)山桑蠶繭繭形大且勻整(zheng)，繭層厚實(shi)、繭色潔(jie)白、繭依蓬松、外觀(guan)無(wu)污物，以(yi)質(zhi)量好，品質(zhi)優而聞名國內外。 

（2）內在品質指標：涼山桑蠶(can)繭粒繭絲長≥1100米(mi)，解舒(shu)率≥70％，清(qing)潔≥98分，潔凈≥94分，毛(mao)繭出絲率≥38％，解舒(shu)絲長≥780.7米(mi)，萬米(mi)吊糙≤3.5次。涼山桑蠶(can)繭是繅5A級以上高品位生絲的(de)首(shou)選原料。