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一.產品介紹

2013年(nian)，“涼山(shan)桑(sang)蠶(can)繭”評為(wei)四(si)川(chuan)省20大區(qu)域公共品(pin)牌，品(pin)牌價值(zhi)11.93億(yi)元(yuan)。種(zhong)植基(ji)地(di)40.2萬畝，產量49.09萬擔(dan)，綜合產值(zhi)30.37億(yi)元(yuan)，蠶(can)農收入9億(yi)元(yuan)，是民(min)族(zu)地(di)區(qu)經濟發(fa)展(zhan)和(he)農民(min)增收的重要支柱(zhu)產業。2013年(nian)12月涼山(shan)州被中國(guo)絲綢協(xie)會(hui)評為(wei)“中國(guo)蠶(can)絲之都”。

二.自(zi)然生態環境和人文歷史因素

（1）土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)地(di)貌情況：涼山州位于青藏(zang)高(gao)原(yuan)東南緣，四川省西南部(bu)橫斷山區東北(bei)部(bu)，區域內(nei)地(di)貌復(fu)雜多(duo)樣，以(yi)(yi)層狀地(di)貌發育。地(di)貌以(yi)(yi)山地(di)為主，約(yue)占幅(fu)員面積(ji)(ji)的(de)80%，山原(yuan)次之，丘陵、沖積(ji)(ji)平原(yuan)、寬谷和(he)斷陷盆(pen)地(di)約(yue)占10%。涼山州土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)類型以(yi)(yi)紫色(se)土(tu)(tu)、紅壤(rang)(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)、黃棕壤(rang)(rang)(rang)、棕壤(rang)(rang)(rang)為主，占土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)總面積(ji)(ji)的(de)80％，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)結構(gou)好(hao)，土(tu)(tu)層深厚且(qie)疏松，透氣(qi)性好(hao)，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)微酸(suan)，pH值(zhi)在5.8-7.5之間，養分(fen)含量(liang)較高(gao)，有機質含量(liang)1～4%，堿解氮和(he)速效鉀(jia)含量(liang)豐富，堿解氮60～135ppm，速效磷5～25ppm，速效鉀(jia)在50～170ppm以(yi)(yi)上，適宜生長(chang)優質蠶桑。 

（2）水(shui)文情況(kuang)：涼山州(zhou)境內(nei)雨量(liang)豐富，河(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)縱(zong)橫，山地水(shui)系(xi)發(fa)達(da)，除(chu)安寧河(he)(he)(he)(he)谷外，多數為山地河(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)。流(liu)域面(mian)積在100平方公里(li)以上(shang)的大小(xiao)河(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)共(gong)160多條(tiao)，流(liu)域面(mian)積1000平方公里(li)以上(shang)的主要有雅龍江等13條(tiao)河(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)，其中安寧河(he)(he)(he)(he)是涼山州(zhou)最(zui)大的河(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)，全長326公里(li)，流(liu)經州(zhou)境內(nei)222公里(li)，貫穿冕寧、西昌和德(de)昌3個縣市，共(gong)有大小(xiao)支流(liu)18條(tiao)，最(zui)大支流(liu)有孫水(shui)河(he)(he)(he)(he)、錦川河(he)(he)(he)(he)、河(he)(he)(he)(he)曲河(he)(he)(he)(he)。 

（3）氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候情況：涼(liang)山州(zhou)適宜栽桑(sang)地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)廣闊，有(you)“無地(di)不(bu)宜桑(sang)，無時不(bu)宜蠶(can)(can)”之稱，其立體氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候特征(zheng)明顯，光熱(re)(re)(re)(re)水資(zi)源(yuan)豐富，雨(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)同(tong)季，晝(zhou)夜溫(wen)(wen)差(cha)大(da)，農業氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候條件比較(jiao)優(you)越。年(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)(liang)776mm～1176mm，年(nian)(nian)(nian)日照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)時數(shu)1227～2603h，年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)10.1～19℃，≥10℃的(de)(de)年(nian)(nian)(nian)積溫(wen)(wen)4500～5760℃，無霜期202.9～346天(tian)。涼(liang)山州(zhou)獨特的(de)(de)干旱(han)兩季分明、日照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)時數(shu)長、冬(dong)暖夏涼(liang)、雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)集(ji)中等(deng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候特征(zheng)是栽桑(sang)養蠶(can)(can)最佳(jia)適宜區(qu)(qu)(qu)。涼(liang)山州(zhou)蠶(can)(can)桑(sang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)為典型的(de)(de)亞熱(re)(re)(re)(re)帶季風氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候，具(ju)有(you)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)年(nian)(nian)(nian)較(jiao)差(cha)小(xiao)（12－14℃），低于四川盆(pen)地(di)1－4℃，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)日較(jiao)差(cha)大(da)（年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)值10－14℃），比四川盆(pen)地(di)大(da)3－6℃。蠶(can)(can)桑(sang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)內(nei)(nei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)14－22℃，比四川盆(pen)地(di)高(gao)3.8℃，比南(nan)(nan)充地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)高(gao)4.5℃。年(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)960－1143mm之間，夜雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)占(zhan)(zhan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)75％，白天(tian)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)占(zhan)(zhan)25％，降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)時間多集(ji)中在5－9月，雨(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)同(tong)季、夜雨(yu)(yu)晝(zhou)晴。年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)相對濕度62％－65％。年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)日照(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)數(shu)2200小(xiao)時－2500小(xiao)時，比四川盆(pen)地(di)多825小(xiao)時－1200小(xiao)時；比南(nan)(nan)充多900小(xiao)時－1000小(xiao)時。≥10℃的(de)(de)年(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)積溫(wen)(wen)5000－7500℃；全(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)無霜期290天(tian)－360天(tian)。獨特的(de)(de)光熱(re)(re)(re)(re)資(zi)源(yuan)是生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)優(you)質桑(sang)蠶(can)(can)繭的(de)(de)有(you)利(li)條件，涼(liang)山種植桑(sang)樹(shu)生(sheng)長期長達(da)290多天(tian)，產(chan)(chan)葉(xie)量(liang)(liang)(liang)高(gao)，桑(sang)樹(shu)當年(nian)(nian)(nian)生(sheng)枝條可(ke)達(da)4.5米(mi)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)，單株(zhu)產(chan)(chan)葉(xie)量(liang)(liang)(liang)可(ke)達(da)4公斤以(yi)上(shang)(shang)。寧南(nan)(nan)、會東、德昌、甘洛等(deng)地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)桑(sang)葉(xie)36片即有(you)0.5公斤，較(jiao)四川內(nei)(nei)地(di)產(chan)(chan)葉(xie)高(gao)一(yi)倍以(yi)上(shang)(shang)。蠶(can)(can)區(qu)(qu)(qu)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)可(ke)養4-5季蠶(can)(can)。涼(liang)山被(bei)國內(nei)(nei)蠶(can)(can)業專家譽為“發展蠶(can)(can)桑(sang)不(bu)可(ke)多得的(de)(de)一(yi)塊寶地(di)”。 

（4）人(ren)文歷史情況：涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)州境內(nei)居住著(zhu)彝、漢、藏、回、苗、蒙古(gu)、傈僳等(deng)(deng)14個(ge)(ge)世(shi)居民(min)(min)族(zu)，全(quan)(quan)(quan)州總人(ren)口約448萬(wan)(wan)人(ren)，農民(min)(min)388萬(wan)(wan)人(ren)，其中(zhong)彝族(zu)人(ren)口208萬(wan)(wan)多人(ren)，占總人(ren)口的46.5%，是全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)最大(da)的彝族(zu)聚居區(qu)(qu)。涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)州栽(zai)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)養(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)歷史較(jiao)早。公(gong)元(yuan)四世(shi)紀，“南方絲(si)綢之(zhi)路”途(tu)徑涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)，沿線人(ren)民(min)(min)受其影響，開(kai)始(shi)(shi)栽(zai)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)養(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)，所產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的絲(si)，稱為“山(shan)(shan)絲(si)”，匯(hui)入絲(si)綢之(zhi)路。、唐代(dai)(dai)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)較(jiao)盛(sheng)。四川通志(zhi)(zhi)食貨志(zhi)(zhi)，物產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)卷(juan)七十四載(zai)：“絲(si)布(bu)(bu)(唐志(zhi)(zhi))崔州貢(gong)絲(si)布(bu)(bu)花布(bu)(bu)(無(wu)和(he)(he)志(zhi)(zhi))崔州貢(gong)絲(si)布(bu)(bu)”。在(zai)公(gong)元(yuan)806年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)唐憲宗元(yuan)和(he)(he)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間即(ji)以(yi)(yi)絲(si)布(bu)(bu)入貢(gong)。唐代(dai)(dai)以(yi)(yi)后，涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)冕(mian)寧(ning)(ning)(ning)縣(xian)(xian)的瀘(lu)寧(ning)(ning)(ning)、甘洛(luo)的田壩和(he)(he)西(xi)(xi)(xi)昌(chang)等(deng)(deng)地蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)初具規(gui)模，有(you)(you)一定數量(liang)的絲(si)織品在(zai)市場交易。至(zhi)明、清代(dai)(dai)，西(xi)(xi)(xi)昌(chang)、冕(mian)寧(ning)(ning)(ning)、會(hui)理(li)、越(yue)(yue)等(deng)(deng)縣(xian)(xian)區(qu)(qu)栽(zai)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)養(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)較(jiao)盛(sheng)。《西(xi)(xi)(xi)昌(chang)縣(xian)(xian)志(zhi)(zhi)》所載(zai)：“蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)絲(si)業(ye)的發(fa)(fa)展清代(dai)(dai)較(jiao)盛(sheng)”。民(min)(min)國(guo)期間，雖(sui)有(you)(you)進取(qu)，但由于社會(hui)及經濟技術等(deng)(deng)原(yuan)因(yin)而無(wu)大(da)成效，乃至(zhi)衰退。據川康(kang)邊政(zheng)資料輯要記載(zai)：“民(min)(min)國(guo)二十九年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1940年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))西(xi)(xi)(xi)昌(chang)、冕(mian)寧(ning)(ning)(ning)、德昌(chang)、會(hui)理(li)、鹽源、鹽邊、越(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)(xi)、普格等(deng)(deng)縣(xian)(xian)尚(shang)有(you)(you)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)樹41.38萬(wan)(wan)株，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)20.69萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)。西(xi)(xi)(xi)昌(chang)城內(nei)和(he)(he)禮州有(you)(you)10家(jia)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)絲(si)廠(chang)。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)絲(si)500馱(約37 500公(gong)斤(jin)(jin))，經云南銷往(wang)緬(mian)甸等(deng)(deng)國(guo)。以(yi)(yi)后逐漸衰退，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)量(liang)下降(jiang)在(zai)5萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)左右。1947年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)西(xi)(xi)(xi)昌(chang)、德昌(chang)、冕(mian)寧(ning)(ning)(ning)、瀘(lu)寧(ning)(ning)(ning)、鹽邊、普格和(he)(he)西(xi)(xi)(xi)昌(chang)農場、會(hui)理(li)農場共(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)26238公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)絲(si)41055公(gong)兩。至(zhi)1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)量(liang)只有(you)(you)2.6萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)”。解(jie)放后，黨和(he)(he)國(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)視蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)。1951年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)西(xi)(xi)(xi)康(kang)省農林廳在(zai)石棉設(she)立(li)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)指導(dao)(dao)所，1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)西(xi)(xi)(xi)昌(chang)專(zhuan)(zhuan)區(qu)(qu)10個(ge)(ge)縣(xian)(xian)都開(kai)始(shi)(shi)栽(zai)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)養(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)。1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)已栽(zai)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)114.58萬(wan)(wan)株，發(fa)(fa)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種4588張(zhang)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)10.8萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，1957年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后，大(da)躍進期間，蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)受到破壞 “文化大(da)革命”開(kai)始(shi)(shi)，蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)又(you)遭(zao)到嚴重(zhong)挫折。1970年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)區(qu)(qu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)僅有(you)(you)2.92萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)。接近(jin)解(jie)放前1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)水(shui)平。1971年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后雖(sui)逐年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)有(you)(you)所恢復，在(zai)1978年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)區(qu)(qu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)仍(reng)只6.91萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)。黨的十一屆三中(zhong)全(quan)(quan)(quan)會(hui)后，涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)州政(zheng)府為恢復蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，落(luo)實獎勵政(zheng)策，扶持各地發(fa)(fa)展栽(zai)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)養(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)。中(zhong)共(gong)涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)州委設(she)立(li)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)領(ling)導(dao)(dao)小組，各縣(xian)(xian)政(zheng)府固定專(zhuan)(zhuan)人(ren)負(fu)責(ze)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，在(zai)重(zhong)點蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)區(qu)(qu)設(she)立(li)指導(dao)(dao)站(組)。1980年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)州產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)上升到15.1萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)。1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)州產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)達80.8萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)。1982年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)寧(ning)(ning)(ning)南縣(xian)(xian)籌建絲(si)廠(chang)，1988年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)會(hui)東縣(xian)(xian)建成聯辦絲(si)廠(chang)，促進了蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)較(jiao)快的發(fa)(fa)展。1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)州有(you)(you)12個(ge)(ge)縣(xian)(xian)栽(zai)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)養(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)，累(lei)計栽(zai)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)12043萬(wan)(wan)株。產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)213.07萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)（4.26萬(wan)(wan)擔）。

近十多年來，特別是“十五(wu)”以來，涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)進入(ru)了(le)(le)持續、快速、健康的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展軌(gui)道。年產(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)以平均100萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤（2萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔）以上速度(du)遞增，到 2008年，涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)州(zhou)桑(sang)樹種植面積達(da)(da)到35萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)畝，蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)產(chan)量達(da)(da)到37.1萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔，蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)絲(si)業(ye)綜合產(chan)值12億元(yuan)(yuan)，蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)農(nong)(nong)收(shou)(shou)入(ru)4.3億元(yuan)(yuan)。寧(ning)南(nan)、會東、德(de)昌(chang)等(deng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian) 產(chan)業(ye)規模不(bu)斷擴大(da)，產(chan)業(ye)鏈條不(bu)斷完善(shan)，產(chan)業(ye)效益不(bu)斷提高，成為(wei)我州(zhou)發(fa)展農(nong)(nong)村經濟，促進農(nong)(nong)民增收(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一大(da)支柱(zhu)產(chan)業(ye)。為(wei)確保(bao)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)優質(zhi)(zhi)桑(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量和信譽，涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)州(zhou)技術(shu)(shu)監督(du)局于(yu)2005年組織專(zhuan)家制定(ding)并發(fa)布了(le)(le)《桑(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)飼(si)育技術(shu)(shu)規程》等(deng)6個(ge)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)地(di)方標準(zhun)(zhun)，內容(rong)涵蓋了(le)(le)育苗、栽(zai)桑(sang)、養(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)、蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)分級、收(shou)(shou)烘(hong)、銷售等(deng)全過程。涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)從此(ci)走上了(le)(le)標準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)道路。生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)過程規范化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、標準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。做到了(le)(le)桑(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)品種優良化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、桑(sang)園(yuan)栽(zai)培規范化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、小(xiao)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)共(gong)育專(zhuan)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、大(da)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)飼(si)養(yang)標準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、消毒防病統一化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。推行了(le)(le)鮮殼量計價辦法，實現(xian)了(le)(le)儀評收(shou)(shou)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，熱風烘(hong)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)機烘(hong)炕，確保(bao)了(le)(le)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)桑(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量，形成了(le)(le)獨具特色的(de)(de)(de)(de)“涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)模式”蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)水平在(zai)全省處于(yu)領先(xian)地(di)位。2008年全州(zhou)養(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)44萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)張，產(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)1855萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤（37.1萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔），占四川(chuan)省蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)產(chan)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)20％，是四川(chuan)省最大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)優質(zhi)(zhi)桑(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和國家重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)優質(zhi)(zhi)桑(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)基(ji)地(di)。蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)產(chan)量和質(zhi)(zhi)量連續六年排名(ming)全省第(di)一，蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)產(chan)量在(zai)50萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤（萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔）以上的(de)(de)(de)(de)有寧(ning)南(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、會東縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、德(de)昌(chang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、西昌(chang)市(shi)、普格縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、冕寧(ning)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、會理縣(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng)8個(ge)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)市(shi)，其(qi)中寧(ning)南(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)產(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)775萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤（15.5）萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔，是四川(chuan)省蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)第(di)一大(da)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，會東縣(xian)(xian)(xian)產(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)390萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤（7.8萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔），德(de)昌(chang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)產(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)265萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤（5.3萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔），為(wei)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)綜合開發(fa)利用創(chuang)造了(le)(le)基(ji)礎(chu)條件。

2002年寧(ning)南(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、會(hui)(hui)東(dong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、德(de)(de)昌縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、西(xi)昌市、普格(ge)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)被列為(wei)(wei)(wei)“四(si)川(chuan)(chuan)省(sheng)(sheng)第(di)一批優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)”建(jian)設(she)項(xiang)目(mu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)；同(tong)年寧(ning)南(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、會(hui)(hui)東(dong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、德(de)(de)昌縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、普格(ge)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)西(xi)部博(bo)覽會(hui)(hui)上被評為(wei)(wei)(wei)“名優(you)(you)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)”；2004年寧(ning)南(nan)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)成功(gong)注(zhu)(zhu)冊(ce)“南(nan)絲(si)(si)(si)路”牌(pai)商標，“南(nan)絲(si)(si)(si)路”牌(pai)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)榮獲(huo)了(le)(le)“四(si)川(chuan)(chuan)省(sheng)(sheng)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)知名品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)”、“中國(guo)(guo)(guo)名優(you)(you)品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)”、“四(si)川(chuan)(chuan)省(sheng)(sheng)著(zhu)(zhu)名商標”、“無公(gong)害(hai)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)”等榮譽稱號；2005年寧(ning)南(nan)、會(hui)(hui)東(dong)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)第(di)二屆中國(guo)(guo)(guo)西(xi)部博(bo)覽會(hui)(hui)上分別被評為(wei)(wei)(wei)“金獎”、“優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)獎”；寧(ning)南(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)于2006年被國(guo)(guo)(guo)家定為(wei)(wei)(wei)優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)“國(guo)(guo)(guo)家農(nong)業標準化(hua)示范區”，2007年被國(guo)(guo)(guo)家定為(wei)(wei)(wei)東(dong)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)西(xi)移“蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)建(jian)設(she)單位”。涼山(shan)(shan)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)以質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量好，品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)優(you)(you)而(er)聞名國(guo)(guo)(guo)內外，其(qi)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)形大而(er)勻整，繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)層厚(hou)實(shi)、繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)色潔(jie)白、繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)依蓬松、外觀(guan)無污物(wu)；粒繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)絲(si)(si)(si)長≥1100米，解舒率≥70％，上繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)率≥90％，干(gan)正(zheng)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)上車(che)率≥95％，干(gan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)層率≥50％，深受市場(chang)歡迎，每公(gong)斤干(gan)正(zheng)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)銷(xiao)售價(jia)(jia)格(ge)高(gao)(gao)于四(si)川(chuan)(chuan)內地(di)(di)6-8元。，高(gao)(gao)于江(jiang)(jiang)浙1－2元。上世(shi)紀80－90年代產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)遠(yuan)銷(xiao)日本、歐美，后(hou)隨著(zhu)(zhu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)內桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)絲(si)(si)(si)制品(pin)(pin)技(ji)(ji)術提高(gao)(gao)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)民生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)水品(pin)(pin)提高(gao)(gao)，國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)內桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)價(jia)(jia)格(ge)相同(tong)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)停(ting)止了(le)(le)出口(kou)，67％桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)銷(xiao)往四(si)川(chuan)(chuan)、上海、江(jiang)(jiang)蘇(su)、浙江(jiang)(jiang)等省(sheng)(sheng)市。涼山(shan)(shan)不僅是重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)，還是四(si)川(chuan)(chuan)省(sheng)(sheng)重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)及供(gong)(gong)應調(diao)節基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)。2008年涼山(shan)(shan)州(zhou)兩個蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)場(chang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)93.26萬張，占全(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)總量的(de)(de)(de)(de)37％，成為(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)規模(mo)最大，質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量最好的(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)供(gong)(gong)應基(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)。涼山(shan)(shan)州(zhou)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)場(chang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)于2008年在(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家工(gong)(gong)商行(xing)政管理總局成功(gong)注(zhu)(zhu)冊(ce)了(le)(le)“桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)花”牌(pai)商標，西(xi)昌市蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)場(chang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)從(cong)2003年開始(shi)出口(kou)遠(yuan)銷(xiao)塔吉克斯(si)坦，已累計(ji)出口(kou)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)21.9萬張，塔吉克斯(si)坦還派蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業技(ji)(ji)術人員(yuan)在(zai)西(xi)昌市蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)場(chang)學習蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)技(ji)(ji)術，贏(ying)得了(le)(le)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業界的(de)(de)(de)(de)信任，建(jian)立了(le)(le)長期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業合(he)作(zuo)關系。涼山(shan)(shan)新建(jian)了(le)(le)設(she)備(bei)全(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)一流的(de)(de)(de)(de)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)冷庫，州(zhou)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)檢(jian)站在(zai)全(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)同(tong)行(xing)業中首先通過省(sheng)(sheng)級蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)檢(jian)資(zi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和計(ji)量認證，為(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)州(zhou)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業發(fa)展(zhan)提供(gong)(gong)了(le)(le)更加方便、更加快捷(jie)、更加安全(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)服務(wu)。隨著(zhu)(zhu)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)，涼山(shan)(shan)州(zhou)已擁有(you)繅絲(si)(si)(si)企(qi)業5戶，自動繅絲(si)(si)(si)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線30組(zu)12000緒(xu)，年生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)絲(si)(si)(si)1000噸。桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)、蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)、絲(si)(si)(si)系列產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)開發(fa)取得了(le)(le)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)突破。西(xi)昌華(hua)茂絲(si)(si)(si)綢有(you)限公(gong)司(si)年產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)1000噸繅絲(si)(si)(si)廠完(wan)成選址和項(xiang)目(mu)設(she)計(ji)，德(de)(de)昌元坤綠色食品(pin)(pin)有(you)限公(gong)司(si)6000噸桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)椹加工(gong)(gong)項(xiang)目(mu)建(jian)成投產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)蛹深加工(gong)(gong)提取活(huo)性化(hua)合(he)物(wu)項(xiang)目(mu)落戶寧(ning)南(nan)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)涼山(shan)(shan)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業化(hua)發(fa)展(zhan)提供(gong)(gong)了(le)(le)保障。

三.地域范圍

涼山州位于四川省西(xi)南部橫斷山區東(dong)(dong)北(bei)部，青藏高原東(dong)(dong)南緣，界于四川盆地(di)與(yu)云南省中部高原之間。地(di)理(li)位置(zhi)北(bei)緯26°03′—29°18′，東(dong)(dong)經100°15′—103°52′之間。南北(bei)長370公里，東(dong)(dong)西(xi)寬(kuan)360公里，全州幅(fu)員(yuan)面積6.04萬(wan)(wan)平方公里，占四川省的(de)12.5%。涼山桑蠶繭農(nong)產品(pin)地(di)理(li)標(biao)志地(di)域保護(hu)范圍為涼山州境內的(de)寧南縣(xian)、會東(dong)(dong)縣(xian)、德昌縣(xian)、西(xi)昌市（含西(xi)昌農(nong)場(chang)）、冕寧縣(xian)、普格縣(xian)、會理(li)縣(xian)、金陽縣(xian)、甘洛縣(xian)、雷波縣(xian)、喜德縣(xian)、鹽源縣(xian)、布拖縣(xian)等 13個(ge)縣(xian)市的(de)211個(ge)鄉鎮895個(ge)行政村，保護(hu)面積3.33萬(wan)(wan)公頃，年(nian)產桑蠶繭3000萬(wan)(wan)公斤（60萬(wan)(wan)擔）。

四.產品品質特(te)性(xing)特(te)征

（1）外觀感官特征: 涼山桑蠶繭繭形(xing)大且勻(yun)整，繭層厚實(shi)、繭色潔白、繭依(yi)蓬松、外觀無污物(wu)，以質量好，品(pin)質優(you)而聞名國內外。 

（2）內在品(pin)(pin)質指標：涼山(shan)桑蠶繭粒(li)繭絲(si)長(chang)≥1100米，解(jie)舒率(lv)≥70％，清(qing)潔≥98分，潔凈≥94分，毛(mao)繭出絲(si)率(lv)≥38％，解(jie)舒絲(si)長(chang)≥780.7米，萬(wan)米吊糙≤3.5次。涼山(shan)桑蠶繭是繅(sao)5A級以(yi)上高品(pin)(pin)位生(sheng)絲(si)的首選原料(liao)。