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一.產品介紹

2013年，“涼(liang)山桑蠶(can)繭”評為(wei)四川省20大區(qu)域公共品牌(pai)，品牌(pai)價(jia)值11.93億元(yuan)(yuan)。種植基地40.2萬畝，產(chan)(chan)量49.09萬擔，綜合產(chan)(chan)值30.37億元(yuan)(yuan)，蠶(can)農(nong)(nong)收入9億元(yuan)(yuan)，是民族地區(qu)經濟(ji)發展和農(nong)(nong)民增收的重要(yao)支柱產(chan)(chan)業。2013年12月涼(liang)山州被中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)絲(si)綢(chou)協會評為(wei)“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)蠶(can)絲(si)之都”。

二.自然生(sheng)態環境和(he)人文(wen)歷史因素

（1）土(tu)壤(rang)地(di)貌(mao)情況：涼(liang)山州位于青藏(zang)高原東南緣(yuan)，四(si)川省西(xi)南部(bu)橫斷山區(qu)東北部(bu)，區(qu)域內地(di)貌(mao)復雜多樣，以(yi)層(ceng)狀(zhuang)地(di)貌(mao)發育。地(di)貌(mao)以(yi)山地(di)為(wei)主，約(yue)占幅員面(mian)積的80%，山原次之，丘(qiu)陵、沖積平(ping)原、寬谷(gu)和(he)斷陷盆(pen)地(di)約(yue)占10%。涼(liang)山州土(tu)壤(rang)類型以(yi)紫色土(tu)、紅壤(rang)土(tu)、黃棕壤(rang)、棕壤(rang)為(wei)主，占土(tu)壤(rang)總面(mian)積的80％，土(tu)壤(rang)結構(gou)好，土(tu)層(ceng)深厚(hou)且疏(shu)松，透氣性好，土(tu)壤(rang)微酸，pH值在5.8-7.5之間，養分含量較高，有機質含量1～4%，堿解氮和(he)速(su)效(xiao)鉀含量豐富(fu)，堿解氮60～135ppm，速(su)效(xiao)磷5～25ppm，速(su)效(xiao)鉀在50～170ppm以(yi)上，適宜生長優(you)質蠶桑。 

（2）水(shui)文情(qing)況：涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)州(zhou)境內(nei)雨量豐富，河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)縱橫，山(shan)(shan)地水(shui)系(xi)發達，除(chu)安(an)寧河(he)(he)(he)谷(gu)外，多數為山(shan)(shan)地河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)。流(liu)(liu)域面(mian)積在100平方公(gong)里(li)(li)(li)以上的(de)大(da)(da)(da)小河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)共160多條，流(liu)(liu)域面(mian)積1000平方公(gong)里(li)(li)(li)以上的(de)主要有雅龍江等13條河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)，其中(zhong)安(an)寧河(he)(he)(he)是(shi)涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)州(zhou)最(zui)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)，全長326公(gong)里(li)(li)(li)，流(liu)(liu)經(jing)州(zhou)境內(nei)222公(gong)里(li)(li)(li)，貫穿冕寧、西昌和(he)德昌3個(ge)縣市，共有大(da)(da)(da)小支流(liu)(liu)18條，最(zui)大(da)(da)(da)支流(liu)(liu)有孫水(shui)河(he)(he)(he)、錦川河(he)(he)(he)、河(he)(he)(he)曲河(he)(he)(he)。 

（3）氣(qi)候情況：涼(liang)山(shan)州適宜栽(zai)桑(sang)地(di)(di)區廣闊，有“無(wu)地(di)(di)不(bu)宜桑(sang)，無(wu)時不(bu)宜蠶(can)(can)”之稱，其立體氣(qi)候特(te)(te)(te)征(zheng)明顯，光熱(re)(re)(re)水(shui)資源(yuan)(yuan)豐富，雨熱(re)(re)(re)同季(ji)，晝夜(ye)(ye)溫差大，農業氣(qi)候條(tiao)件(jian)比(bi)(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)優(you)越。年(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)水(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)776mm～1176mm，年(nian)(nian)(nian)日(ri)照時數(shu)1227～2603h，年(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)氣(qi)溫10.1～19℃，≥10℃的(de)年(nian)(nian)(nian)積溫4500～5760℃，無(wu)霜(shuang)期(qi)202.9～346天。涼(liang)山(shan)州獨(du)(du)特(te)(te)(te)的(de)干(gan)旱(han)兩季(ji)分明、日(ri)照時數(shu)長、冬暖夏涼(liang)、雨量(liang)(liang)(liang)集(ji)中等(deng)氣(qi)候特(te)(te)(te)征(zheng)是(shi)栽(zai)桑(sang)養蠶(can)(can)最佳適宜區。涼(liang)山(shan)州蠶(can)(can)桑(sang)生(sheng)(sheng)產區為典型的(de)亞熱(re)(re)(re)帶(dai)季(ji)風氣(qi)候，具(ju)有氣(qi)溫年(nian)(nian)(nian)較(jiao)(jiao)差小（12－14℃），低于四川(chuan)(chuan)盆地(di)(di)1－4℃，氣(qi)溫日(ri)較(jiao)(jiao)差大（年(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)值10－14℃），比(bi)(bi)四川(chuan)(chuan)盆地(di)(di)大3－6℃。蠶(can)(can)桑(sang)生(sheng)(sheng)產區內年(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)氣(qi)溫14－22℃，比(bi)(bi)四川(chuan)(chuan)盆地(di)(di)高(gao)(gao)3.8℃，比(bi)(bi)南充地(di)(di)區高(gao)(gao)4.5℃。年(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)雨量(liang)(liang)(liang)960－1143mm之間(jian)，夜(ye)(ye)雨量(liang)(liang)(liang)占年(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)雨量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)75％，白天降(jiang)雨量(liang)(liang)(liang)占25％，降(jiang)雨時間(jian)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)集(ji)中在(zai)5－9月，雨熱(re)(re)(re)同季(ji)、夜(ye)(ye)雨晝晴。年(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)相對(dui)濕度62％－65％。年(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)日(ri)照數(shu)2200小時－2500小時，比(bi)(bi)四川(chuan)(chuan)盆地(di)(di)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)825小時－1200小時；比(bi)(bi)南充多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)900小時－1000小時。≥10℃的(de)年(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)積溫5000－7500℃；全年(nian)(nian)(nian)無(wu)霜(shuang)期(qi)290天－360天。獨(du)(du)特(te)(te)(te)的(de)光熱(re)(re)(re)資源(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)產優(you)質桑(sang)蠶(can)(can)繭的(de)有利條(tiao)件(jian)，涼(liang)山(shan)種植桑(sang)樹(shu)(shu)生(sheng)(sheng)長期(qi)長達290多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)天，產葉量(liang)(liang)(liang)高(gao)(gao)，桑(sang)樹(shu)(shu)當年(nian)(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)枝(zhi)條(tiao)可達4.5米以上，單株(zhu)產葉量(liang)(liang)(liang)可達4公斤以上。寧(ning)南、會(hui)東、德昌(chang)、甘洛等(deng)地(di)(di)區的(de)桑(sang)葉36片即有0.5公斤，較(jiao)(jiao)四川(chuan)(chuan)內地(di)(di)產葉高(gao)(gao)一(yi)倍以上。蠶(can)(can)區一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)可養4-5季(ji)蠶(can)(can)。涼(liang)山(shan)被國(guo)內蠶(can)(can)業專家譽為“發展(zhan)蠶(can)(can)桑(sang)不(bu)可多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)得的(de)一(yi)塊(kuai)寶(bao)地(di)(di)”。 

（4）人文歷史情況：涼山(shan)州(zhou)(zhou)境內居(ju)住著彝、漢(han)、藏、回、苗、蒙古、傈僳等14個(ge)(ge)世(shi)居(ju)民(min)(min)(min)族，全(quan)(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)總人口(kou)約448萬(wan)人，農民(min)(min)(min)388萬(wan)人，其(qi)中彝族人口(kou)208萬(wan)多人，占總人口(kou)的(de)46.5%，是(shi)全(quan)(quan)國最大的(de)彝族聚居(ju)區。涼山(shan)州(zhou)(zhou)栽(zai)桑(sang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)歷史較早。公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)四世(shi)紀，“南方絲(si)(si)(si)綢(chou)之路(lu)”途(tu)徑涼山(shan)，沿線人民(min)(min)(min)受(shou)其(qi)影(ying)響，開(kai)始(shi)栽(zai)桑(sang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)，所(suo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)絲(si)(si)(si)，稱為(wei)“山(shan)絲(si)(si)(si)”，匯入絲(si)(si)(si)綢(chou)之路(lu)。、唐代(dai)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)較盛。四川通(tong)志(zhi)食貨志(zhi)，物產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)卷七十四載：“絲(si)(si)(si)布(唐志(zhi))崔(cui)(cui)州(zhou)(zhou)貢(gong)絲(si)(si)(si)布花布(無和志(zhi))崔(cui)(cui)州(zhou)(zhou)貢(gong)絲(si)(si)(si)布”。在(zai)(zai)公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)806年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)唐憲宗元(yuan)(yuan)和年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間即(ji)以絲(si)(si)(si)布入貢(gong)。唐代(dai)以后(hou)，涼山(shan)冕(mian)寧縣(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)瀘寧、甘洛的(de)田壩(ba)和西昌(chang)等地(di)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)初具(ju)規模，有一定數量的(de)絲(si)(si)(si)織(zhi)品在(zai)(zai)市(shi)場交易。至(zhi)明、清(qing)(qing)代(dai)，西昌(chang)、冕(mian)寧、會(hui)(hui)理、越等縣(xian)(xian)(xian)區栽(zai)桑(sang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)較盛。《西昌(chang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)志(zhi)》所(suo)載：“蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)絲(si)(si)(si)業的(de)發展清(qing)(qing)代(dai)較盛”。民(min)(min)(min)國期間，雖有進取，但由于社(she)會(hui)(hui)及經(jing)濟技術等原(yuan)因而無大成效(xiao)，乃至(zhi)衰(shuai)退(tui)。據(ju)川康邊政資(zi)料(liao)輯要記載：“民(min)(min)(min)國二十九年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1940年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))西昌(chang)、冕(mian)寧、德昌(chang)、會(hui)(hui)理、鹽源、鹽邊、越西、普格(ge)等縣(xian)(xian)(xian)尚有桑(sang)樹41.38萬(wan)株，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)20.69萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤。西昌(chang)城(cheng)內和禮州(zhou)(zhou)有10家蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)絲(si)(si)(si)廠。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)絲(si)(si)(si)500馱(約37 500公(gong)(gong)斤)，經(jing)云南銷往緬甸等國。以后(hou)逐(zhu)漸衰(shuai)退(tui)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)量下降在(zai)(zai)5萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤左右。1947年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)西昌(chang)、德昌(chang)、冕(mian)寧、瀘寧、鹽邊、普格(ge)和西昌(chang)農場、會(hui)(hui)理農場共(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)26238公(gong)(gong)斤，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)絲(si)(si)(si)41055公(gong)(gong)兩(liang)。至(zhi)1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)量只有2.6萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤”。解(jie)放(fang)后(hou)，黨和國家重(zhong)(zhong)視蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)。1951年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)西康省農林(lin)廳在(zai)(zai)石棉設立(li)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)業指(zhi)(zhi)導所(suo)，1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)西昌(chang)專區10個(ge)(ge)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)都開(kai)始(shi)栽(zai)桑(sang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)。1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)已栽(zai)桑(sang)114.58萬(wan)株，發蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)4588張，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)10.8萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤，1957年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou)，大躍進期間，蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)受(shou)到破壞(huai) “文化大革(ge)命”開(kai)始(shi)，蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)又遭(zao)到嚴重(zhong)(zhong)挫折。1970年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)區產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)僅有2.92萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤。接近解(jie)放(fang)前1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)水平。1971年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou)雖逐(zhu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)有所(suo)恢復(fu)(fu)，在(zai)(zai)1978年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)區產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)仍只6.91萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤。黨的(de)十一屆三中全(quan)(quan)會(hui)(hui)后(hou)，涼山(shan)州(zhou)(zhou)政府為(wei)恢復(fu)(fu)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，落(luo)實獎勵政策，扶(fu)持各地(di)發展栽(zai)桑(sang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)。中共(gong)涼山(shan)州(zhou)(zhou)委(wei)設立(li)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)領導小組，各縣(xian)(xian)(xian)政府固定專人負責蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，在(zai)(zai)重(zhong)(zhong)點蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)區設立(li)指(zhi)(zhi)導站(組)。1980年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)上升到15.1萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤。1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)達80.8萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤。1982年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)寧南縣(xian)(xian)(xian)籌建(jian)絲(si)(si)(si)廠，1988年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)會(hui)(hui)東縣(xian)(xian)(xian)建(jian)成聯(lian)辦絲(si)(si)(si)廠，促進了蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)業生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)較快的(de)發展。1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)有12個(ge)(ge)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)栽(zai)桑(sang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)，累計栽(zai)桑(sang)12043萬(wan)株。產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)213.07萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤（4.26萬(wan)擔(dan)）。

近十多年(nian)(nian)來，特別是“十五”以來，涼(liang)山(shan)蠶(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)進入(ru)了(le)(le)(le)持續、快速、健康(kang)的(de)(de)(de)發展軌道。年(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)以平均(jun)100萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公斤(jin)(jin)(jin)（2萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔）以上速度遞增，到(dao)(dao) 2008年(nian)(nian)，涼(liang)山(shan)州(zhou)桑(sang)樹(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面積達(da)到(dao)(dao)35萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)畝，蠶(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)達(da)到(dao)(dao)37.1萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔，蠶(can)(can)(can)絲業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)綜合(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)值12億元(yuan)，蠶(can)(can)(can)農收(shou)入(ru)4.3億元(yuan)。寧南、會(hui)東(dong)、德(de)昌(chang)(chang)等(deng)(deng)縣(xian) 產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)規(gui)模(mo)不斷擴大(da)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈條不斷完善(shan)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)效益不斷提高，成(cheng)為我州(zhou)發展農村經濟(ji)，促進農民(min)增收(shou)的(de)(de)(de)一大(da)支柱產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。為確(que)保涼(liang)山(shan)優(you)(you)質桑(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)和(he)信(xin)譽(yu)，涼(liang)山(shan)州(zhou)技術監督局于2005年(nian)(nian)組織專家(jia)制定并發布了(le)(le)(le)《桑(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)飼育(yu)技術規(gui)程(cheng)》等(deng)(deng)6個(ge)農業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)地(di)方(fang)標(biao)準，內容(rong)涵蓋(gai)了(le)(le)(le)育(yu)苗、栽(zai)桑(sang)、養(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)、蠶(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)分級(ji)、收(shou)烘、銷售等(deng)(deng)全過程(cheng)。涼(liang)山(shan)蠶(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)從此走上了(le)(le)(le)標(biao)準化(hua)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)道路。生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過程(cheng)規(gui)范(fan)化(hua)、標(biao)準化(hua)。做到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)桑(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)優(you)(you)良化(hua)、桑(sang)園栽(zai)培規(gui)范(fan)化(hua)、小蠶(can)(can)(can)共育(yu)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)、大(da)蠶(can)(can)(can)飼養(yang)標(biao)準化(hua)、消毒防病統一化(hua)。推(tui)行了(le)(le)(le)鮮(xian)殼量(liang)計價辦法，實現了(le)(le)(le)儀評收(shou)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，熱(re)風烘繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)機烘炕，確(que)保了(le)(le)(le)涼(liang)山(shan)桑(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)，形成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)獨具特色的(de)(de)(de)“涼(liang)山(shan)蠶(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)模(mo)式”蠶(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)水平在(zai)全省(sheng)(sheng)處于領先地(di)位(wei)。2008年(nian)(nian)全州(zhou)養(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)44萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)張，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)1855萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公斤(jin)(jin)(jin)（37.1萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔），占四(si)川(chuan)省(sheng)(sheng)蠶(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)20％，是四(si)川(chuan)省(sheng)(sheng)最大(da)的(de)(de)(de)優(you)(you)質桑(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和(he)國家(jia)重要的(de)(de)(de)優(you)(you)質桑(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)基地(di)。蠶(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)和(he)質量(liang)連(lian)續六年(nian)(nian)排名全省(sheng)(sheng)第一，蠶(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)在(zai)50萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公斤(jin)(jin)(jin)（萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔）以上的(de)(de)(de)有(you)寧南縣(xian)、會(hui)東(dong)縣(xian)、德(de)昌(chang)(chang)縣(xian)、西昌(chang)(chang)市、普(pu)格縣(xian)、冕寧縣(xian)、會(hui)理縣(xian)等(deng)(deng)8個(ge)縣(xian)市，其中寧南縣(xian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)775萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公斤(jin)(jin)(jin)（15.5）萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔，是四(si)川(chuan)省(sheng)(sheng)蠶(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)第一大(da)縣(xian)，會(hui)東(dong)縣(xian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)390萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公斤(jin)(jin)(jin)（7.8萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔），德(de)昌(chang)(chang)縣(xian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)265萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公斤(jin)(jin)(jin)（5.3萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔），為蠶(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)綜合(he)開(kai)發利用創(chuang)造了(le)(le)(le)基礎(chu)條件。

2002年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)寧南(nan)縣(xian)、會東縣(xian)、德(de)昌(chang)縣(xian)、西(xi)(xi)昌(chang)市(shi)、普(pu)(pu)格(ge)(ge)(ge)縣(xian)被(bei)列為“四(si)(si)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)省(sheng)第(di)一(yi)批優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)基(ji)(ji)地(di)”建(jian)設(she)項(xiang)目(mu)縣(xian)；同(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)寧南(nan)縣(xian)、會東縣(xian)、德(de)昌(chang)縣(xian)、普(pu)(pu)格(ge)(ge)(ge)縣(xian)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)在中國(guo)(guo)西(xi)(xi)部(bu)(bu)博覽會上(shang)(shang)被(bei)評(ping)為“名優(you)(you)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)”；2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)寧南(nan)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)功注(zhu)冊“南(nan)絲(si)(si)路”牌(pai)商(shang)(shang)標，“南(nan)絲(si)(si)路”牌(pai)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)榮獲(huo)了(le)“四(si)(si)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)省(sheng)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)知名品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)”、“中國(guo)(guo)名優(you)(you)品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)”、“四(si)(si)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)省(sheng)著(zhu)名商(shang)(shang)標”、“無公(gong)害(hai)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)”等榮譽稱號；2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)寧南(nan)、會東桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)在第(di)二屆中國(guo)(guo)西(xi)(xi)部(bu)(bu)博覽會上(shang)(shang)分別被(bei)評(ping)為“金獎”、“優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)獎”；寧南(nan)縣(xian)于2006年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)被(bei)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)定為優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)“國(guo)(guo)家(jia)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)標準(zhun)化(hua)示范區”，2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)被(bei)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)定為東桑(sang)(sang)(sang)西(xi)(xi)移“蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)基(ji)(ji)地(di)建(jian)設(she)單位”。涼山桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)以質(zhi)(zhi)量好，品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)優(you)(you)而聞名國(guo)(guo)內外，其繭(jian)(jian)(jian)形(xing)大而勻整，繭(jian)(jian)(jian)層厚實、繭(jian)(jian)(jian)色(se)(se)潔白、繭(jian)(jian)(jian)依(yi)蓬松、外觀無污物；粒(li)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)絲(si)(si)長(chang)≥1100米，解舒率(lv)≥70％，上(shang)(shang)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)率(lv)≥90％，干(gan)正繭(jian)(jian)(jian)上(shang)(shang)車率(lv)≥95％，干(gan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)層率(lv)≥50％，深受市(shi)場(chang)(chang)歡迎，每(mei)公(gong)斤干(gan)正繭(jian)(jian)(jian)銷(xiao)售價格(ge)(ge)(ge)高(gao)于四(si)(si)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)內地(di)6-8元。，高(gao)于江(jiang)(jiang)浙1－2元。上(shang)(shang)世紀(ji)80－90年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)遠銷(xiao)日本、歐美，后(hou)隨(sui)著(zhu)國(guo)(guo)內桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)絲(si)(si)制品(pin)(pin)技(ji)術提高(gao)，國(guo)(guo)民生(sheng)活水品(pin)(pin)提高(gao)，國(guo)(guo)際、國(guo)(guo)內桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)價格(ge)(ge)(ge)相同(tong)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)停止了(le)出(chu)口，67％桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)銷(xiao)往四(si)(si)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、上(shang)(shang)海、江(jiang)(jiang)蘇(su)、浙江(jiang)(jiang)等省(sheng)市(shi)。涼山不(bu)僅(jin)是重要的(de)優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)基(ji)(ji)地(di)，還(huan)是四(si)(si)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)省(sheng)重要的(de)優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)及(ji)供應調(diao)節基(ji)(ji)地(di)。2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)涼山州兩(liang)個(ge)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)場(chang)(chang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)93.26萬張(zhang)，占全(quan)(quan)省(sheng)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)總量的(de)37％，成(cheng)為全(quan)(quan)省(sheng)規模最(zui)大，質(zhi)(zhi)量最(zui)好的(de)優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)供應基(ji)(ji)地(di)。涼山州蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)場(chang)(chang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)于2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)在國(guo)(guo)家(jia)工(gong)商(shang)(shang)行(xing)政管理總局成(cheng)功注(zhu)冊了(le)“桑(sang)(sang)(sang)花”牌(pai)商(shang)(shang)標，西(xi)(xi)昌(chang)市(shi)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)場(chang)(chang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)從2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)開(kai)始(shi)出(chu)口遠銷(xiao)塔(ta)吉克斯坦，已(yi)累計(ji)出(chu)口桑(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)21.9萬張(zhang)，塔(ta)吉克斯坦還(huan)派蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)技(ji)術人(ren)員在西(xi)(xi)昌(chang)市(shi)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)場(chang)(chang)學習蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)技(ji)術，贏得了(le)國(guo)(guo)際蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)界的(de)信任，建(jian)立了(le)長(chang)期的(de)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)合作(zuo)關系。涼山新建(jian)了(le)設(she)備全(quan)(quan)省(sheng)一(yi)流的(de)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)冷庫，州蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)質(zhi)(zhi)檢站(zhan)在全(quan)(quan)省(sheng)同(tong)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)中首先通過(guo)省(sheng)級(ji)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)質(zhi)(zhi)檢資質(zhi)(zhi)和(he)計(ji)量認(ren)證，為全(quan)(quan)州蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)發展提供了(le)更(geng)(geng)加(jia)方便、更(geng)(geng)加(jia)快捷、更(geng)(geng)加(jia)安全(quan)(quan)的(de)服務。隨(sui)著(zhu)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)發展，涼山州已(yi)擁(yong)有(you)繅絲(si)(si)企業(ye)(ye)5戶(hu)，自動繅絲(si)(si)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線30組12000緒，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)絲(si)(si)1000噸。桑(sang)(sang)(sang)、蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)、絲(si)(si)系列產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)開(kai)發取(qu)得了(le)新的(de)突破。西(xi)(xi)昌(chang)華茂絲(si)(si)綢(chou)有(you)限公(gong)司年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)1000噸繅絲(si)(si)廠完成(cheng)選址和(he)項(xiang)目(mu)設(she)計(ji)，德(de)昌(chang)元坤綠色(se)(se)食品(pin)(pin)有(you)限公(gong)司6000噸桑(sang)(sang)(sang)椹加(jia)工(gong)項(xiang)目(mu)建(jian)成(cheng)投產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)蛹深加(jia)工(gong)提取(qu)活性化(hua)合物項(xiang)目(mu)落戶(hu)寧南(nan)。為涼山蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)發展提供了(le)保障(zhang)。

三.地域范圍

涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)州位(wei)于(yu)四川省(sheng)西南(nan)部橫斷山(shan)(shan)區東(dong)北(bei)部，青(qing)藏高(gao)原東(dong)南(nan)緣，界(jie)于(yu)四川盆(pen)地與云南(nan)省(sheng)中部高(gao)原之間(jian)(jian)。地理(li)(li)位(wei)置(zhi)北(bei)緯(wei)26°03′—29°18′，東(dong)經100°15′—103°52′之間(jian)(jian)。南(nan)北(bei)長(chang)370公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，東(dong)西寬360公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，全州幅員(yuan)面積6.04萬(wan)(wan)平方公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，占四川省(sheng)的12.5%。涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)桑蠶(can)繭(jian)農產品(pin)地理(li)(li)標志地域保護范圍為涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)州境內的寧南(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、會東(dong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、德(de)昌(chang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、西昌(chang)市（含(han)西昌(chang)農場）、冕(mian)寧縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、普(pu)格縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、會理(li)(li)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、金陽縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、甘洛縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、雷波縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、喜德(de)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、鹽源縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、布拖(tuo)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng) 13個(ge)(ge)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)市的211個(ge)(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮895個(ge)(ge)行政村，保護面積3.33萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)頃，年產桑蠶(can)繭(jian)3000萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤（60萬(wan)(wan)擔）。

四.產品品質(zhi)特性(xing)特征

（1）外(wai)觀感(gan)官特征: 涼山(shan)桑蠶繭繭形大且勻整，繭層厚實(shi)、繭色(se)潔白、繭依蓬松、外(wai)觀無污(wu)物，以質量好(hao)，品質優而(er)聞名國內外(wai)。 

（2）內在品(pin)質指標：涼(liang)山桑蠶繭(jian)(jian)粒繭(jian)(jian)絲長(chang)≥1100米(mi)，解(jie)舒率≥70％，清潔≥98分(fen)，潔凈≥94分(fen)，毛(mao)繭(jian)(jian)出(chu)絲率≥38％，解(jie)舒絲長(chang)≥780.7米(mi)，萬米(mi)吊(diao)糙≤3.5次。涼(liang)山桑蠶繭(jian)(jian)是(shi)繅5A級以(yi)上(shang)高品(pin)位(wei)生絲的首(shou)選原(yuan)料。