產地環境
四川省涼山州是(shi)中國(guo)(guo)最大的(de)彝族(zu)聚居區(qu),是(shi)中國(guo)(guo)重要的(de)優質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)葉產區(qu)和現代(dai)煙(yan)(yan)草農業試點地區(qu)之(zhi)一,其(qi)得天獨(du)厚(hou)的(de)光(guang)(guang)熱、水土資源等(deng)自然優勢,為(wei)盛產獨(du)具“清甜香”風格特(te)色的(de)優質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)葉創造了(le)條件。涼山清甜香烤煙(yan)(yan)種植(zhi)區(qu)光(guang)(guang)照充足(zu)、熱量豐富、降水充沛、多(duo)夜雨,氣(qi)溫(wen)年較(jiao)差小、日較(jiao)差大,光(guang)(guang)合效(xiao)率高,十分有利于煙(yan)(yan)葉光(guang)(guang)合作用的(de)高積累,有利于形成“清甜香”型風格特(te)征的(de)優質(zhi)烤煙(yan)(yan),土層較(jiao)厚(hou),通(tong)透性良好,保(bao)水、保(bao)肥力強(qiang),土壤(rang)養分等(deng)理化指標(biao)有利于優質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)葉生長。
品質特點
經(jing)國(guo)內外專家鑒定評(ping)價,涼(liang)山清甜(tian)香烤煙在(zai)香氣量(liang)、吃味(wei)、雜(za)氣等內在(zai)品(pin)(pin)質上(shang)屬于中(zhong)(zhong)式卷煙制品(pin)(pin)中(zhong)(zhong)的調香味(wei)原料,烤煙外觀金(jin)(jin)黃(huang)、光(guang)澤鮮明,組(zu)織(zhi)疏松(song),油(you)份(fen)適中(zhong)(zhong),化學成(cheng)分協調,配(pei)伍性(xing)強,安全性(xing)較(jiao)好。“高糖、適煙堿、高鉀”,具有獨特的“清甜(tian)香”型(xing)風格,深受工業(ye)企業(ye)青睞,進入了中(zhong)(zhong)華、芙蓉(rong)王、精(jing)品(pin)(pin)白沙、黃(huang)鶴(he)樓、嬌(jiao)子、廣雙喜、紅金(jin)(jin)龍、哈德門等高檔(dang)品(pin)(pin)牌和大品(pin)(pin)牌卷煙的主配(pei)方。產品(pin)(pin)供不應求,需(xu)求量(liang)呈逐年上(shang)升趨勢。
生產情況
涼山州(zhou)是中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)重要的(de)優(you)(you)(you)質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)和(he)(he)現代煙(yan)(yan)草農業(ye)試(shi)點地區(qu)之一,是中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)第 二大(da)優(you)(you)(you)質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu),形成了“科研、生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、收(shou)(shou)(shou)購、銷(xiao)售(shou)、煙(yan)(yan)用物資供應、復烤加工、倉儲物流等”完整的(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)體系。2004年~2008年涼山煙(yan)(yan)區(qu)累(lei)(lei)積為(wei)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)卷煙(yan)(yan)工業(ye)企業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)優(you)(you)(you)質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)899.92萬(wan)(wan)擔,煙(yan)(yan)農累(lei)(lei)計銷(xiao)售(shou)收(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)達54.15億(yi)元(yuan),煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)稅(shui)利累(lei)(lei)計36.33億(yi)元(yuan);其中(zhong)2008年生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)優(you)(you)(you)質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)234.47萬(wan)(wan)擔,煙(yan)(yan)農銷(xiao)售(shou)收(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)16.49億(yi)元(yuan),煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)稅(shui)利12.5億(yi)元(yuan)。2009年全(quan)(quan)州(zhou)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)收(shou)(shou)(shou)購煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)13.65萬(wan)(wan)噸(dun),煙(yan)(yan)農收(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)近19.6億(yi)元(yuan)。同時,利用自然生(sheng)(sheng)態優(you)(you)(you)勢,依靠科技創新,培育(yu)出獨具(ju)特色的(de)“清甜(tian)香(xiang)”型(xing)煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie),在中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)品(pin)系中(zhong)獨樹一幟(zhi),“涼山清甜(tian)香(xiang)烤煙(yan)(yan)”獲“四川省(sheng)名牌產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)”和(he)(he)“國(guo)(guo)(guo)家地理標志保護”殊榮(rong),使(shi)涼山成為(wei)四川最大(da)的(de)優(you)(you)(you)質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)、烤煙(yan)(yan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)基地和(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家重要的(de)煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)、烤煙(yan)(yan)戰略生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、儲備基地。2011年11月初,大(da)涼山“清甜(tian)香(xiang)”煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)11個優(you)(you)(you)良(liang)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)、共12.5萬(wan)(wan)粒煙(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)搭載“神舟八(ba)號飛船(chuan)”進(jin)入(ru)(ru)太空16天(tian)(tian),與天(tian)(tian)宮(gong)一號進(jin)行兩次交會對接后,于11月17日返回地面,這是全(quan)(quan)球首次進(jin)行烤煙(yan)(yan)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)航天(tian)(tian)太空育(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)試(shi)驗。
自然生態(tai)環境和(he)人文歷史(shi)因素
(1)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)地(di)貌(mao)情況:涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)州(zhou)位(wei)于青藏高原東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)緣(yuan),四(si)川省西南(nan)(nan)部橫斷(duan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)區東(dong)(dong)北部,區域內地(di)貌(mao)復(fu)雜多樣,以(yi)層狀地(di)貌(mao)發育(yu)。地(di)貌(mao)以(yi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)為(wei)主,約(yue)占(zhan)幅員面積的80%,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)原次(ci)之,丘(qiu)陵(ling)、沖(chong)積平原及寬谷和(he)斷(duan)陷盆地(di)約(yue)占(zhan)10%。涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)州(zhou)基本(ben)煙(yan)田布局在河谷、低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、丘(qiu)陵(ling)、低(di)中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)和(he)平壩五(wu)種地(di)貌(mao)類型范(fan)圍,適宜清甜(tian)香(xiang)烤煙(yan)生產(chan)的海拔高度范(fan)圍為(wei)1300~2200m,主要集中(zhong)在1500~1800m之間(jian)。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)類型以(yi)紫色土(tu)(tu)、紅壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)、黃棕壤(rang)(rang)、棕壤(rang)(rang)為(wei)主,占(zhan)總面積的80%,土(tu)(tu)層深厚,土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)結構(gou)好,土(tu)(tu)質疏松,透(tou)氣性好,有機質1~3%;堿解(jie)氮80~150mg/kg;速效磷5~20mg/kg;速效鉀100~200mg/kg;pH值5.0~7.0;0~60cm土(tu)(tu)層氯離(li)子小于30mg/kg,即土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)微酸(suan),堿解(jie)氮和(he)速效鉀含量(liang)豐富,土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)質地(di)疏松,通透(tou)性好,耕作層深厚,養分含量(liang)較高,這是形成涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)清甜(tian)香(xiang)烤煙(yan)“高糖、適煙(yan)堿、高鉀”特(te)點的必要條(tiao)件。
(2)水(shui)(shui)文情況(kuang):涼(liang)山州境(jing)(jing)內雨量豐富(fu),河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)縱橫(heng),山地(di)水(shui)(shui)系發達(da),除(chu)安(an)寧河(he)(he)(he)谷外,多(duo)數(shu)為山地(di)河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)。流(liu)(liu)域面積在100平(ping)方公(gong)(gong)里以(yi)上的大(da)小(xiao)河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)共160多(duo)條,流(liu)(liu)域面積1000平(ping)方公(gong)(gong)里以(yi)上的主要有雅龍(long)江(jiang)等13條河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu),其中安(an)寧河(he)(he)(he)是涼(liang)山州最(zui)大(da)的河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu),全長(chang)326公(gong)(gong)里,流(liu)(liu)經州境(jing)(jing)內222公(gong)(gong)里,貫(guan)穿冕寧、西(xi)昌(chang)和(he)德昌(chang)3個縣市,有大(da)小(xiao)支(zhi)流(liu)(liu)18條,最(zui)大(da)支(zhi)流(liu)(liu)有孫水(shui)(shui)何(he)、錦川河(he)(he)(he)、河(he)(he)(he)曲河(he)(he)(he)。
(3)氣(qi)候(hou)情況:涼山州立體(ti)氣(qi)候(hou)特征(zheng)明顯,光熱(re)水(shui)資源豐富,雨熱(re)同季(ji)(ji),農業(ye)氣(qi)候(hou)條件非常優越。涼山州屬亞熱(re)帶(dai)季(ji)(ji)風氣(qi)候(hou)區,可劃分為三(san)個亞熱(re)帶(dai)氣(qi)候(hou)垂直帶(dai)和一個溫(wen)(wen)帶(dai)氣(qi)候(hou)帶(dai),年日照(zhao)(zhao)時數(shu)1627~2600h,年日照(zhao)(zhao)輻射總量(liang)(liang)4300~6100MJ/平方米(mi),是我國同緯度(du)地區日照(zhao)(zhao)時數(shu)和總輻射量(liang)(liang)最多的地區之一;年平均氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)14~19℃,≥10℃年有(you)效積(ji)溫(wen)(wen)5100~6000℃,無(wu)(wu)霜期(qi)220~360d;年降水(shui)量(liang)(liang)838~1176mm,干、雨季(ji)(ji)分明,雨季(ji)(ji)從5月至6月初開始,10月中旬(xun)結束,降水(shui)占全(quan)年降水(shui)量(liang)(liang)的80%~90%,夜雨率(lv)(lv)占70%~80%。涼山清(qing)甜香烤(kao)煙種植煙區全(quan)年氣(qi)候(hou)溫(wen)(wen)和,夏無(wu)(wu)酷暑,冬(dong)無(wu)(wu)嚴(yan)寒,光照(zhao)(zhao)充足,雨水(shui)充沛,氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)年較(jiao)差(cha)小(xiao)、日較(jiao)差(cha)大,光合(he)效率(lv)(lv)高,十分有(you)利于煙葉光合(he)作用的高積(ji)累,有(you)利于形成(cheng)“清(qing)甜香”風格特征(zheng)的優質烤(kao)煙。
(4)人(ren)文歷史情況:涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)彝族自(zi)治州(zhou)(zhou)有彝、漢(han)、蒙(meng)、藏、回等(deng)14個(ge)世(shi)(shi)居民(min)族,總(zong)人(ren)口448.4萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)人(ren),其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)彝族208.29萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)人(ren),占(zhan)總(zong)人(ren)口的(de)(de)(de)(de)46.45%,是全(quan)國(guo)最(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)彝族聚居區(qu)(qu)。 1941年(nian)(nian),會(hui)理(li)王守庸組建華康烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)股份有限公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司,從(cong)(cong)云(yun)南(nan)(nan)玉溪(xi)引進(jin)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi),無償發給農(nong)戶種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),在(zai)(zai)攀(pan)蓮鄉(xiang)川主(zhu)廟、丙谷(gu)鄉(xiang)各(ge)建了10座烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)房。次年(nian)(nian),全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)100余(yu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing),收購(gou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)3.5萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin),均(jun)銷往云(yun)南(nan)(nan)玉溪(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)廠(chang)。 1942年(nian)(nian),西(xi)(xi)(xi)康技藝專科學校農(nong)藝系教(jiao)授詹維廉、西(xi)(xi)(xi)昌(chang)裕民(min)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司經(jing)理(li)徐(xu)仲偉(wei)輾轉(zhuan)找到云(yun)南(nan)(nan)熱帶植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物研(yan)究(jiu)所(suo)所(suo)長(chang)(chang)(chang)、西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)聯大(da)(da)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物系教(jiao)授蔡希陶先(xian)生(sheng),從(cong)(cong)云(yun)南(nan)(nan)引進(jin)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)“大(da)(da)金元(yuan)”在(zai)(zai)西(xi)(xi)(xi)昌(chang)縣(xian)(xian)試種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)功(gong),但未能推(tui)廣。同年(nian)(nian),美國(guo)華盛頓特(te)區(qu)(qu)政(zheng)府向(xiang)中(zhong)(zhong)華農(nong)業協(xie)會(hui)寄贈500克“大(da)(da)金元(yuan)”種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi),中(zhong)(zhong)華農(nong)業協(xie)會(hui)轉(zhuan)交徐(xu)仲偉(wei),亦在(zai)(zai)西(xi)(xi)(xi)昌(chang)縣(xian)(xian)試種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。該品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)流傳民(min)間,經(jing)自(zi)選演變為(wei)(wei)晾(liang)曬(shai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),俗稱“老(lao)憨煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”、“大(da)(da)附耳煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”。 1960年(nian)(nian),會(hui)理(li)、米(mi)易(yi)、寧南(nan)(nan)等(deng)縣(xian)(xian)引種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)云(yun)南(nan)(nan)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)功(gong)。至1965年(nian)(nian),共收購(gou)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)53.22萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)。后因(yin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、烘(hong)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)技術不(bu)(bu)(bu)過關,煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)質(zhi)量差而停種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。1963年(nian)(nian),西(xi)(xi)(xi)昌(chang)縣(xian)(xian)再(zai)次從(cong)(cong)云(yun)南(nan)(nan)引種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),在(zai)(zai)縣(xian)(xian)委試驗田栽培和烘(hong)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)均(jun)獲成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)功(gong)。1975年(nian)(nian),會(hui)理(li)縣(xian)(xian)從(cong)(cong)云(yun)南(nan)(nan)省玉溪(xi)地(di)區(qu)(qu)引進(jin)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi),種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)353.87公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing),當年(nian)(nian)收購(gou)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)67.595萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)。會(hui)東、西(xi)(xi)(xi)昌(chang)、德昌(chang)、寧南(nan)(nan)、普格等(deng)縣(xian)(xian)相繼推(tui)廣種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。到1985年(nian)(nian),涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)(qu)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)積達(da)(da)7320余(yu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing),收購(gou)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)12085噸,成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)全(quan)國(guo)優質(zhi)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)基地(di)。1990年(nian)(nian),西(xi)(xi)(xi)昌(chang)市有22個(ge)鄉(xiang)(鎮)、82個(ge)村、3152家(jia)農(nong)戶種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),移栽面(mian)(mian)積713.33公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)。當年(nian)(nian)因(yin)自(zi)然災害,實(shi)際種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)積593.53公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing),收干(gan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)76.5萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin),總(zong)產(chan)(chan)值260萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)元(yuan)。 二十世(shi)(shi)紀(ji)90年(nian)(nian)代,涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)(qu)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)實(shi)現(xian)歷史性跨越式增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)。年(nian)(nian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)積從(cong)(cong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)1萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)至3.8萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)(1997年(nian)(nian)),年(nian)(nian)總(zong)產(chan)(chan)量從(cong)(cong)1萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)余(yu)噸增(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)至7.9萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)余(yu)噸(1997年(nian)(nian))。2000年(nian)(nian),涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)(qu)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)積2.2萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)余(yu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing),總(zong)產(chan)(chan)量3.4萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)余(yu)噸,中(zhong)(zhong)上(shang)等(deng)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)比例達(da)(da)63.51%,為(wei)(wei)四川省烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)積最(zui)(zui)集中(zhong)(zhong)、產(chan)(chan)量最(zui)(zui)高(gao)、質(zhi)量最(zui)(zui)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)(qu)。 涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)清(qing)(qing)(qing)甜(tian)香(xiang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)已(yi)有70年(nian)(nian)左右的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史,有廣泛的(de)(de)(de)(de)群眾(zhong)基礎,在(zai)(zai)長(chang)(chang)(chang)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)甜(tian)香(xiang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)實(shi)踐中(zhong)(zhong),勞動人(ren)民(min)積累(lei)了豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)經(jing)驗。涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)“清(qing)(qing)(qing)甜(tian)香(xiang)”風格特(te)征突出,煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)外觀(guan)金黃(huang)、桔黃(huang)、光(guang)澤鮮明,組織疏松,油份適中(zhong)(zhong),是烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)型卷煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)制品主(zhu)配方的(de)(de)(de)(de)原料。上(shang)海(hai)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(集團)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司、湖北中(zhong)(zhong)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)集團、鄭州(zhou)(zhou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草研(yan)究(jiu)院(yuan)等(deng)綜(zong)合質(zhi)量評(ping)價:“涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)清(qing)(qing)(qing)甜(tian)香(xiang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)化學成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分含量處于適宜的(de)(de)(de)(de)范(fan)圍之內,煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)安(an)全(quan)性較(jiao)(jiao)好(hao)(hao)”、“涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)清(qing)(qing)(qing)甜(tian)香(xiang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)香(xiang)氣量較(jiao)(jiao)足(zu)(zu),煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣狀(zhuang)態較(jiao)(jiao)好(hao)(hao),具有作為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)料煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量特(te)征”、“與進(jin)口煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)進(jin)行(xing)比較(jiao)(jiao),涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)清(qing)(qing)(qing)甜(tian)香(xiang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)外觀(guan)質(zhi)量符合要求,化學成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分協(xie)調”。2004年(nian)(nian)-2008年(nian)(nian)涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)(qu)累(lei)積為(wei)(wei)全(quan)國(guo)卷煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)工業企業生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)清(qing)(qing)(qing)甜(tian)香(xiang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)45萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)噸,煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)農(nong)累(lei)計銷售收入達(da)(da)54.18億(yi)元(yuan), 煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)稅利累(lei)計36.33億(yi)元(yuan),五(wu)年(nian)(nian)創煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)稅36.33億(yi)元(yuan),清(qing)(qing)(qing)甜(tian)香(xiang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)已(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)州(zhou)(zhou)高(gao)二半山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)農(nong)民(min)增(zeng)收離不(bu)(bu)(bu)得、財政(zheng)增(zeng)收少(shao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得、企業增(zeng)效垮不(bu)(bu)(bu)得、卷煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)工業缺不(bu)(bu)(bu)得的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要經(jing)濟作物和支(zhi)柱產(chan)(chan)業。