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產地環境

四川省(sheng)涼山州是中國最大的(de)彝族聚居(ju)區，是中國重要的(de)優(you)(you)(you)質煙(yan)葉(xie)產區和現代煙(yan)草農業試點(dian)地區之一，其得天獨厚的(de)光(guang)(guang)熱(re)、水(shui)土(tu)資(zi)源等自然優(you)(you)(you)勢，為盛產獨具“清(qing)甜香”風格特色的(de)優(you)(you)(you)質煙(yan)葉(xie)創(chuang)造(zao)了(le)條件。涼山清(qing)甜香烤煙(yan)種(zhong)植區光(guang)(guang)照(zhao)充(chong)足、熱(re)量(liang)豐富、降水(shui)充(chong)沛(pei)、多夜雨，氣溫年較差小、日較差大，光(guang)(guang)合效率(lv)高，十分有利(li)于煙(yan)葉(xie)光(guang)(guang)合作用的(de)高積(ji)累，有利(li)于形(xing)成“清(qing)甜香”型風格特征的(de)優(you)(you)(you)質烤煙(yan)，土(tu)層較厚，通透性良(liang)好(hao)，保水(shui)、保肥力強(qiang)，土(tu)壤養分等理(li)化指標有利(li)于優(you)(you)(you)質煙(yan)葉(xie)生長。

品質特點

經國內外(wai)專家鑒定評價，涼山清甜(tian)香烤煙(yan)在香氣(qi)(qi)量、吃味(wei)、雜氣(qi)(qi)等(deng)內在品(pin)質上屬(shu)于中(zhong)式卷煙(yan)制品(pin)中(zhong)的調香味(wei)原料，烤煙(yan)外(wai)觀金(jin)黃(huang)、光澤鮮明，組(zu)織疏松，油份(fen)適中(zhong)，化學成(cheng)分協調，配(pei)伍性(xing)強，安全性(xing)較好。“高糖(tang)、適煙(yan)堿(jian)、高鉀”，具有獨特的“清甜(tian)香”型風格，深(shen)受工業企業青睞(lai)，進入了(le)中(zhong)華、芙蓉王(wang)、精(jing)品(pin)白沙、黃(huang)鶴(he)樓、嬌子、廣(guang)雙喜、紅金(jin)龍、哈德門等(deng)高檔(dang)品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)和(he)大品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)卷煙(yan)的主(zhu)配(pei)方。產品(pin)供不應求，需求量呈逐年上升趨(qu)勢。

生產情況

涼(liang)(liang)山州是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)國重(zhong)要的優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)產(chan)(chan)(chan)區和(he)現(xian)代煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草農業(ye)試(shi)點地(di)區之一(yi)，是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)國第(di) 二大(da)優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)產(chan)(chan)(chan)區，形成了“科(ke)研(yan)、生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、收(shou)(shou)購(gou)、銷售、煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)用物資供應、復烤(kao)(kao)加工(gong)、倉儲(chu)物流等”完(wan)整的產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)體系(xi)(xi)。2004年(nian)～2008年(nian)涼(liang)(liang)山煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區累積(ji)為全國卷煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)工(gong)業(ye)企業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)899.92萬(wan)擔(dan)，煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)農累計(ji)銷售收(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)達(da)54.15億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)稅(shui)利累計(ji)36.33億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)；其中(zhong)2008年(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)234.47萬(wan)擔(dan)，煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)農銷售收(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)16.49億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)稅(shui)利12.5億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)。2009年(nian)全州生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)收(shou)(shou)購(gou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)13.65萬(wan)噸，煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)農收(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)近19.6億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)。同時，利用自然(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)態優(you)(you)勢，依靠科(ke)技(ji)創新，培育(yu)出獨(du)(du)具特色的“清(qing)甜香(xiang)”型煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)，在中(zhong)國煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)品(pin)系(xi)(xi)中(zhong)獨(du)(du)樹(shu)一(yi)幟，“涼(liang)(liang)山清(qing)甜香(xiang)烤(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”獲(huo)“四川(chuan)省(sheng)名(ming)牌(pai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)”和(he)“國家地(di)理標志保護”殊(shu)榮，使涼(liang)(liang)山成為四川(chuan)最(zui)大(da)的優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)、烤(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)基(ji)地(di)和(he)國家重(zhong)要的煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)、烤(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)戰略生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、儲(chu)備基(ji)地(di)。2011年(nian)11月初(chu)，大(da)涼(liang)(liang)山“清(qing)甜香(xiang)”煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)11個優(you)(you)良品(pin)種、共12.5萬(wan)粒(li)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種搭載“神舟八號飛船”進(jin)(jin)入(ru)(ru)太空16天，與天宮一(yi)號進(jin)(jin)行兩次(ci)交會(hui)對接后，于11月17日返回地(di)面，這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)全球首(shou)次(ci)進(jin)(jin)行烤(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)品(pin)種航天太空育(yu)種試(shi)驗。

自然生態環境和人文(wen)歷史因素

（1）土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤地(di)貌情況:涼(liang)(liang)山州(zhou)位于(yu)青(qing)藏高原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)東南緣，四川(chuan)省西南部(bu)橫斷(duan)山區(qu)東北部(bu)，區(qu)域內(nei)地(di)貌復雜(za)多樣，以層狀地(di)貌發育。地(di)貌以山地(di)為(wei)主(zhu)，約(yue)占幅員(yuan)面積(ji)的(de)80%，山原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)次之，丘(qiu)陵(ling)、沖(chong)積(ji)平原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)及寬谷(gu)和斷(duan)陷盆地(di)約(yue)占10%。涼(liang)(liang)山州(zhou)基(ji)本煙田布局(ju)在河谷(gu)、低山、丘(qiu)陵(ling)、低中(zhong)(zhong)山、中(zhong)(zhong)山山地(di)和平壩五種地(di)貌類型范圍，適(shi)宜(yi)清(qing)甜香(xiang)烤煙生產(chan)的(de)海拔高度范圍為(wei)1300～2200m，主(zhu)要(yao)集中(zhong)(zhong)在1500～1800m之間。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤類型以紫(zi)色(se)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、紅壤土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、黃(huang)棕壤、棕壤為(wei)主(zhu)，占總(zong)面積(ji)的(de)80％，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層深(shen)厚(hou)，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤結構好，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)質疏松，透氣(qi)性好，有機質1～3%；堿解(jie)氮(dan)(dan)80～150mg/kg;速效磷5～20mg/kg;速效鉀(jia)100～200mg/kg;pH值5.0～7.0；0～60cm土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層氯離(li)子(zi)小于(yu)30mg/kg，即土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤微酸，堿解(jie)氮(dan)(dan)和速效鉀(jia)含量(liang)豐富，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤質地(di)疏松，通透性好，耕作(zuo)層深(shen)厚(hou)，養分(fen)含量(liang)較高，這是形成涼(liang)(liang)山清(qing)甜香(xiang)烤煙“高糖、適(shi)煙堿、高鉀(jia)”特(te)點的(de)必要(yao)條件。

（2）水文情(qing)況:涼山(shan)州(zhou)境內雨(yu)量豐富，河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)縱(zong)橫，山(shan)地水系發(fa)達，除安(an)寧河(he)(he)谷外(wai)，多(duo)數為山(shan)地河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)。流(liu)(liu)域(yu)面積(ji)在100平方公(gong)(gong)里(li)以(yi)上的大(da)小河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)共160多(duo)條，流(liu)(liu)域(yu)面積(ji)1000平方公(gong)(gong)里(li)以(yi)上的主要有雅龍江(jiang)等13條河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)，其中(zhong)安(an)寧河(he)(he)是涼山(shan)州(zhou)最(zui)大(da)的河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)，全長326公(gong)(gong)里(li)，流(liu)(liu)經州(zhou)境內222公(gong)(gong)里(li)，貫穿冕寧、西昌和德昌3個縣市，有大(da)小支流(liu)(liu)18條，最(zui)大(da)支流(liu)(liu)有孫水何、錦川河(he)(he)、河(he)(he)曲河(he)(he)。

（3）氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)情況:涼山(shan)(shan)州立體氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)特征明(ming)顯，光熱水(shui)資源豐富(fu)，雨熱同季，農(nong)業(ye)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)條件(jian)非常優(you)越。涼山(shan)(shan)州屬亞(ya)熱帶季風氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)區(qu)(qu)，可劃分為三個亞(ya)熱帶氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)垂直(zhi)帶和(he)一個溫(wen)帶氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)帶，年(nian)(nian)日照時數1627～2600h，年(nian)(nian)日照輻射總量4300～6100MJ/平方米，是我國同緯度(du)地區(qu)(qu)日照時數和(he)總輻射量最多(duo)的(de)地區(qu)(qu)之(zhi)一；年(nian)(nian)平均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)14～19℃，≥10℃年(nian)(nian)有效積溫(wen)5100～6000℃，無(wu)霜期220～360d；年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)水(shui)量838～1176mm，干(gan)、雨季分明(ming)，雨季從5月至6月初開始，10月中旬(xun)結束，降(jiang)水(shui)占全年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)水(shui)量的(de)80%～90%，夜雨率占70%～80%。涼山(shan)(shan)清甜(tian)香烤煙(yan)種植(zhi)煙(yan)區(qu)(qu)全年(nian)(nian)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)溫(wen)和(he)，夏無(wu)酷暑，冬無(wu)嚴(yan)寒(han)，光照充足，雨水(shui)充沛，氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)年(nian)(nian)較差小、日較差大(da)，光合效率高，十分有利于(yu)(yu)煙(yan)葉光合作用(yong)的(de)高積累，有利于(yu)(yu)形成“清甜(tian)香”風格特征的(de)優(you)質(zhi)烤煙(yan)。

（4）人文(wen)歷(li)(li)史(shi)情況:涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)彝(yi)族自治州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)有(you)彝(yi)、漢、蒙、藏、回等(deng)(deng)14個世居民(min)族，總(zong)人口(kou)448.4萬(wan)人，其中(zhong)彝(yi)族208.29萬(wan)人，占總(zong)人口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)46.45%，是全(quan)國最大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彝(yi)族聚(ju)居區(qu)(qu)(qu)。 1941年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，會(hui)(hui)理(li)王守庸組(zu)建華(hua)康(kang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)股份有(you)限公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)，從(cong)(cong)云南(nan)玉(yu)溪引進(jin)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，無償發給農戶種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)，在(zai)攀(pan)蓮鄉(xiang)川主廟、丙谷鄉(xiang)各建了(le)10座烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)房。次年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，全(quan)縣種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)100余公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)，收(shou)(shou)購(gou)(gou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉3.5萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)，均銷(xiao)往云南(nan)玉(yu)溪煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)廠。 1942年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，西(xi)康(kang)技藝專科學(xue)校(xiao)農藝系教授詹(zhan)維廉、西(xi)昌(chang)(chang)裕(yu)民(min)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)經(jing)(jing)理(li)徐仲偉輾轉找到云南(nan)熱帶(dai)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)研(yan)(yan)究所所長、西(xi)南(nan)聯大(da)(da)(da)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)系教授蔡希(xi)陶先生(sheng)(sheng)，從(cong)(cong)云南(nan)引進(jin)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)“大(da)(da)(da)金元(yuan)”在(zai)西(xi)昌(chang)(chang)縣試種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)成(cheng)功(gong)，但未能推廣。同年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，美國華(hua)盛頓特(te)區(qu)(qu)(qu)政府向中(zhong)華(hua)農業(ye)協會(hui)(hui)寄贈500克“大(da)(da)(da)金元(yuan)”種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，中(zhong)華(hua)農業(ye)協會(hui)(hui)轉交徐仲偉，亦在(zai)西(xi)昌(chang)(chang)縣試種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。該品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)流傳民(min)間(jian)，經(jing)(jing)自選演變為(wei)(wei)晾曬煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，俗稱“老憨煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”、“大(da)(da)(da)附(fu)耳煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”。 1960年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，會(hui)(hui)理(li)、米易(yi)、寧(ning)南(nan)等(deng)(deng)縣引種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)云南(nan)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)成(cheng)功(gong)。至(zhi)1965年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，共(gong)收(shou)(shou)購(gou)(gou)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)53.22萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)。后因(yin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)、烘(hong)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)技術不(bu)過關，煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉質量(liang)(liang)(liang)差(cha)而停種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。1963年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，西(xi)昌(chang)(chang)縣再次從(cong)(cong)云南(nan)引種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，在(zai)縣委試驗(yan)田栽(zai)培和烘(hong)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)均獲成(cheng)功(gong)。1975年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，會(hui)(hui)理(li)縣從(cong)(cong)云南(nan)省玉(yu)溪地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)引進(jin)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)353.87公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)，當年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)收(shou)(shou)購(gou)(gou)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)67.595萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)。會(hui)(hui)東、西(xi)昌(chang)(chang)、德昌(chang)(chang)、寧(ning)南(nan)、普格等(deng)(deng)縣相繼推廣種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)。到1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積達(da)7320余公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)，收(shou)(shou)購(gou)(gou)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)12085噸(dun)(dun)，成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)全(quan)國優質烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)基(ji)地(di)(di)。1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，西(xi)昌(chang)(chang)市(shi)有(you)22個鄉(xiang)（鎮(zhen)）、82個村(cun)、3152家農戶種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，移栽(zai)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積713.33公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)。當年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)因(yin)自然災害，實(shi)際種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積593.53公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)，收(shou)(shou)干(gan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)76.5萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)，總(zong)產(chan)(chan)值(zhi)260萬(wan)元(yuan)。 二(er)十(shi)世紀90年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)，涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)實(shi)現歷(li)(li)史(shi)性跨越(yue)式增(zeng)長。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積從(cong)(cong)不(bu)足(zu)1萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)增(zeng)長至(zhi)3.8萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)（1997年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)），年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)總(zong)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)從(cong)(cong)1萬(wan)余噸(dun)(dun)增(zeng)長至(zhi)7.9萬(wan)余噸(dun)(dun)（1997年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）。2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積2.2萬(wan)余公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)，總(zong)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)3.4萬(wan)余噸(dun)(dun)，中(zhong)上(shang)等(deng)(deng)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)比(bi)例達(da)63.51%，為(wei)(wei)四川省烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積最集(ji)中(zhong)、產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)最高(gao)、質量(liang)(liang)(liang)最好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)。 涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)清(qing)甜(tian)香(xiang)(xiang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)已有(you)70年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)左右(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)(li)史(shi)，有(you)廣泛(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)群眾(zhong)基(ji)礎，在(zai)長期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)甜(tian)香(xiang)(xiang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)實(shi)踐中(zhong)，勞動(dong)人民(min)積累(lei)了(le)豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)經(jing)(jing)驗(yan)。涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉“清(qing)甜(tian)香(xiang)(xiang)”風格特(te)征突出，煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉外觀(guan)金黃、桔黃、光(guang)澤鮮明(ming)，組(zu)織疏(shu)松，油份適中(zhong)，是烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)型(xing)卷(juan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)制品主配方的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原料。上(shang)海煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)(集(ji)團)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)、湖北(bei)中(zhong)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)集(ji)團、鄭州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)研(yan)(yan)究院等(deng)(deng)綜合(he)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)評價(jia)：“涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)清(qing)甜(tian)香(xiang)(xiang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)化學(xue)成(cheng)分含(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)處于適宜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范(fan)圍(wei)之內(nei)，煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉安全(quan)性較好”、“涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)清(qing)甜(tian)香(xiang)(xiang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)香(xiang)(xiang)氣量(liang)(liang)(liang)較足(zu)，煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣狀態較好，具有(you)作為(wei)(wei)主料煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)特(te)征”、“與進(jin)口(kou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉進(jin)行比(bi)較，涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)清(qing)甜(tian)香(xiang)(xiang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)外觀(guan)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)符合(he)要(yao)求，化學(xue)成(cheng)分協調”。2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)-2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)累(lei)積為(wei)(wei)全(quan)國卷(juan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)工業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)清(qing)甜(tian)香(xiang)(xiang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)45萬(wan)噸(dun)(dun)，煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)農累(lei)計銷(xiao)售收(shou)(shou)入達(da)54.18億(yi)元(yuan)， 煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉稅利累(lei)計36.33億(yi)元(yuan)，五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)創煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉稅36.33億(yi)元(yuan)，清(qing)甜(tian)香(xiang)(xiang)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)已成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)高(gao)二(er)半山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)農民(min)增(zeng)收(shou)(shou)離不(bu)得(de)、財(cai)政增(zeng)收(shou)(shou)少不(bu)得(de)、企(qi)業(ye)增(zeng)效垮不(bu)得(de)、卷(juan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)工業(ye)缺不(bu)得(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)經(jing)(jing)濟作物(wu)和支(zhi)柱(zhu)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)。