一、液力變矩器由什么組成
液(ye)(ye)(ye)力變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)矩器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)借助于(yu)液(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)的高(gao)速(su)運動來傳遞功率(lv),一般由四(si)部分組(zu)成:1、泵(beng)(beng)(beng)輪(lun)(lun)(lun):泵(beng)(beng)(beng)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)是液(ye)(ye)(ye)力變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)扭器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的主(zhu)動元件(jian)(jian),與液(ye)(ye)(ye)力變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)矩器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)殼(ke)制(zhi)成(或焊接(jie))一體(ti)(ti),液(ye)(ye)(ye)力變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)矩器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)殼(ke)體(ti)(ti)總(zong)成用(yong)螺栓固定于(yu)發動機曲軸后端凸緣(yuan)上,隨(sui)曲軸一起(qi)(qi)旋轉。泵(beng)(beng)(beng)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)內部有一系列徑向向后彎曲的葉片(pian),以(yi)(yi)給工作液(ye)(ye)(ye)一個額外加(jia)(jia)速(su)度(du)和附加(jia)(jia)能(neng)量。2、渦(wo)輪(lun)(lun)(lun):渦(wo)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)是液(ye)(ye)(ye)力變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)矩器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的從動元件(jian)(jian),它通(tong)過花(hua)鍵(jian)與行星齒輪(lun)(lun)(lun)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速(su)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輸入軸連接(jie),從運動的液(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)吸收(shou)動能(neng)并把動能(neng)轉變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)為旋轉動能(neng)。如(ru)同泵(beng)(beng)(beng)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)一樣,渦(wo)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)也裝(zhuang)有許多葉片(pian),但是渦(wo)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)葉片(pian)要多于(yu)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)葉片(pian),而且彎曲方向也與泵(beng)(beng)(beng)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)葉片(pian)彎曲方向相反(fan)。3、導輪(lun)(lun)(lun):導輪(lun)(lun)(lun)位(wei)于(yu)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)與渦(wo)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)之(zhi)間,是液(ye)(ye)(ye)力變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)矩器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的反(fan)應元件(jian)(jian),它通(tong)過單向離合器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)安裝(zhuang)在導輪(lun)(lun)(lun)套管(與變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速(su)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)殼(ke)體(ti)(ti)相連)上,用(yong)以(yi)(yi)控(kong)制(zhi)從渦(wo)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)中心回到泵(beng)(beng)(beng)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)中間的液(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)回流,即改變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)離開渦(wo)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)返(fan)回泵(beng)(beng)(beng)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)的液(ye)(ye)(ye)流方向。4、殼(ke)體(ti)(ti):液(ye)(ye)(ye)力變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)扭器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)殼(ke)體(ti)(ti)有組(zu)裝(zhuang)(可(ke)拆(chai))式和焊接(jie)(不(bu)(bu)可(ke)拆(chai))式兩(liang)種。組(zu)裝(zhuang)式殼(ke)體(ti)(ti),即殼(ke)體(ti)(ti)做成兩(liang)半(ban),用(yong)螺栓連接(jie)在一起(qi)(qi),為可(ke)拆(chai)式,其維修方便,平衡精度(du)不(bu)(bu)高(gao),用(yong)在轉速(su)較低的場合。焊接(jie)式液(ye)(ye)(ye)力變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)矩器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一般是不(bu)(bu)可(ke)拆(chai)卸的,如(ru)重型(xing)載貨(huo)汽車用(yong)的大尺寸液(ye)(ye)(ye)力變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)扭器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),拆(chai)檢(jian)后將會影(ying)響其平衡狀況。
二、液力變矩器的原理是什么
液力(li)變矩器主要是(shi)依(yi)靠泵(beng)(beng)(beng)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)、渦輪(lun)(lun)(lun)和(he)(he)導(dao)(dao)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)三(san)個工(gong)作輪(lun)(lun)(lun)來傳遞功(gong)率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de),工(gong)作時(shi),發(fa)動機運轉時(shi)帶動液力(li)變扭器的(de)(de)(de)(de)殼體和(he)(he)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)與(yu)之一同旋轉,泵(beng)(beng)(beng)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)液壓(ya)油在(zai)離心力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)下,由泵(beng)(beng)(beng)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)葉(xie)(xie)片外緣(yuan)沖向渦輪(lun)(lun)(lun),并(bing)沿渦輪(lun)(lun)(lun)葉(xie)(xie)片流(liu)(liu)(liu)向導(dao)(dao)輪(lun)(lun)(lun),再經導(dao)(dao)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)葉(xie)(xie)片流(liu)(liu)(liu)回泵(beng)(beng)(beng)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)葉(xie)(xie)片內緣(yuan),形(xing)成循環(huan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)液流(liu)(liu)(liu)。導(dao)(dao)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)是(shi)改變渦輪(lun)(lun)(lun)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸出扭矩。由于(yu)從渦輪(lun)(lun)(lun)葉(xie)(xie)片下緣(yuan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)向導(dao)(dao)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)液壓(ya)油仍(reng)有相當大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)沖擊力(li),只要將泵(beng)(beng)(beng)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)、渦輪(lun)(lun)(lun)和(he)(he)導(dao)(dao)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)葉(xie)(xie)片設(she)計成一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)狀和(he)(he)角(jiao)度,就可(ke)以利用(yong)上(shang)述沖擊力(li)來提高渦輪(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸出扭矩。
三、液力變矩器的作用是什么
液(ye)(ye)力(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)矩(ju)(ju)器(qi)以液(ye)(ye)體為(wei)工作介質(zhi)進行液(ye)(ye)壓傳動(dong)(dong)(dong),其主要的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)包括:1、傳遞轉矩(ju)(ju):發(fa)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機的(de)(de)(de)轉矩(ju)(ju)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)液(ye)(ye)力(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)矩(ju)(ju)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)主動(dong)(dong)(dong)元件,再通(tong)過(guo)(guo)ATF傳給液(ye)(ye)力(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)矩(ju)(ju)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)從(cong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)元件,最后傳給變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速器(qi)。2、無級變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速:液(ye)(ye)力(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)矩(ju)(ju)器(qi)可以在(zai)一定范圍(wei)內實(shi)現轉速和轉矩(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)無級變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化,所(suo)以有了(le)液(ye)(ye)力(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)矩(ju)(ju)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)車(che)總是能(neng)在(zai)起步(bu)的(de)(de)(de)一剎那兒獲得一個很大的(de)(de)(de)起步(bu)優勢(shi),這就(jiu)是變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)矩(ju)(ju)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)矩(ju)(ju)作用(yong),就(jiu)是在(zai)你(ni)同時踩(cai)住(zhu)油門剎車(che)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)矩(ju)(ju)器(qi)儲存(cun)了(le)一部分能(neng)量3、自動(dong)(dong)(dong)離(li)(li)合(he):液(ye)(ye)力(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)矩(ju)(ju)器(qi)由于(yu)采用(yong)ATF傳遞動(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li),當踩(cai)下制動(dong)(dong)(dong)踏(ta)板時,發(fa)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機也不(bu)(bu)會(hui)熄火,此(ci)時相當于(yu)離(li)(li)合(he)器(qi)分離(li)(li)。相比于(yu)雙(shuang)離(li)(li)合(he)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速箱來說,液(ye)(ye)力(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)矩(ju)(ju)器(qi)又可以通(tong)過(guo)(guo)油液(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)軟性連接(jie),和自身的(de)(de)(de)油液(ye)(ye)冷(leng)卻,也不(bu)(bu)會(hui)有雙(shuang)離(li)(li)合(he)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)速箱的(de)(de)(de)離(li)(li)合(he)片(pian)過(guo)(guo)熱的(de)(de)(de)問題(ti),在(zai)平順性和低(di)速的(de)(de)(de)持續穩定工作有天然(ran)的(de)(de)(de)優勢(shi)。
四、液力變矩器壞了表現有哪些
1、加速緩慢:液力變矩器損壞后,變速器可能無法正常地將發動機輸出的扭矩傳遞到車輪上,導致加速緩慢、反應遲鈍。2、損耗油液:液力變矩器內部有液體封閉循環,如果密封性不好就會造成液體泄漏,消耗掉更多的變速器油液。3、發動機轉速異常高:當車輛在行駛時,發動機轉速異常高,卻沒有達到預期的車速,這是因為液力變矩器的故障阻礙了扭矩輸出。4、變速箱抖動:變速箱抖動是因為液力變矩器損壞后,變速箱內部壓力不均衡,導致變速箱內的零件摩擦或者劇烈震動。5、漏油:當液力變矩器出現泄漏時,會有油漬出現在車底下,也可能出現變速器油液異常下降的情況。如果您遇到以上問題,就要考慮是不是汽車液力變矩器損壞了,建議立即聯系專業的汽車修理工或維修站檢查,如有損壞,及時維修或更換液力變矩器,更換的話,要注意選擇正規液力變矩器品牌的產品進行更換。