紅軍長征時(shi)期(qi),湘江戰(zhan)役后,于1934年12月12日中共中央領(ling)導負責同志在綏寧縣芙(fu)蓉鄉(xiang)一座古廟召開會議(yi),史稱"轉(zhuan)兵會議(yi)"。
1951年11月,原屬綏寧縣(xian)的芙蓉。金殿等地域劃歸通(tong)(tong)道(dao)縣(xian),1959年劉伯承元帥(shuai)在八一雜志發表(biao)《回顧長(chang)征》的文章中(zhong)首(shou)次提"通(tong)(tong)道(dao)轉兵"。通(tong)(tong)道(dao)縣(xian)委(wei)與懷化區委(wei)黨史(shi)人員(yuan)依照長(chang)征日(ri)記記錄,通(tong)(tong)過多方搜集相關資料(liao)與尋(xun)找開國元勛、老紅軍、專家認證,最終確認芙蓉木林庵是通(tong)(tong)道(dao)轉兵會(hui)議會(hui)址。
1986年(nian)10月,通(tong)(tong)過湖南(nan)省黨史部門批(pi)準,中(zhong)共(gong)懷化地委黨史辦(ban)與中(zhong)共(gong)通(tong)(tong)道(dao)侗族(zu)自治縣黨史辦(ban)聯合出版《紅軍長征過通(tong)(tong)道(dao)》公布(bu)通(tong)(tong)道(dao)會(hui)議會(hui)址是芙(fu)蓉木(mu)林(lin)庵。
通(tong)道(dao)轉兵(bing):1934年12月12日,中(zhong)共中(zhong)央(yang)和軍(jun)委主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要領導人(ren)在(zai)芙蓉(rong)木林庵召開(kai)(kai)緊急(ji)會議,討論(lun)紅軍(jun)前(qian)進(jin)的戰(zhan)略(lve)方向問題。毛澤東力(li)(li)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)放棄去(qu)湘西(xi)會合二六(liu)軍(jun)團(tuan)的意圖,改向敵人(ren)兵(bing)力(li)(li)薄(bo)弱的貴州前(qian)進(jin),爭取(qu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)。他的正確主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)張得到(dao)了與會大(da)部分同志的贊同。史稱“通(tong)道(dao)轉兵(bing)”。它不僅使紅軍(jun)避免遭(zao)受全軍(jun)覆沒的命運,而且為黎平會議乃至遵(zun)義會議的召開(kai)(kai)創(chuang)造了條件。
長征(zheng)前(qian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)紅(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)共八萬六(liu)千(qian)多人(ren),1934年從福建的(de)(de)(de)長汀(ting)和(he)江西的(de)(de)(de)瑞金、于都出發開始長征(zheng)。在突破敵人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)四道(dao)(dao)封鎖(suo)線后(hou),12月9日(ri)(ri)從湘桂邊境進(jin)(jin)入綏寧(ning)縣。敵人(ren)判明紅(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)將去湘西的(de)(de)(de)意(yi)圖,蔣介石加緊(jin)兵力(li)部(bu)(bu)署(shu),把防堵(du)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)紅(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)北(bei)(bei)上(shang)與紅(hong)二、六(liu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)團會合。調(diao)集五(wu)六(liu)倍于中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)紅(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)兵力(li)部(bu)(bu)署(shu)在綏寧(ning)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)、城(cheng)步、武岡、芷江、會同(tong)、靖州一(yi)帶,企圖全殲中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)紅(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)。12月12日(ri)(ri),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)委(wei)一(yi)、二縱(zong)隊(dui)分別從綏寧(ning)西南部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)流源、辰(chen)口向西進(jin)(jin)軍(jun)(jun)(jun),陸(lu)定一(yi)(時(shi)任中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)革(ge)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)委(wei)宣傳部(bu)(bu)長)日(ri)(ri)記(ji)記(ji)載(zai):12月12日(ri)(ri)、軍(jun)(jun)(jun)委(wei)二縱(zong)隊(dui)到(dao)芙蓉(rong)(rong)寺附近(jin),野戰司令(ling)部(bu)(bu)到(dao)芙蓉(rong)(rong)。時(shi)任中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)委(wei)三局政(zheng)委(wei)的(de)(de)(de)伍云甫日(ri)(ri)記(ji)里記(ji)載(zai):12月12日(ri)(ri)...下午到(dao)達芙蓉(rong)(rong)宿(su)營。傍晚,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)委(wei)負責人(ren)朱德(de)、周恩(en)來、博(bo)古、毛澤東、張聞天、王稼祥(xiang)以及共產國際派來的(de)(de)(de)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)事顧問李(li)德(de)等(deng)在芙蓉(rong)(rong)古廟木林(lin)庵(an)緊(jin)急召開會議。會上(shang)毛澤東的(de)(de)(de)提議,得到(dao)大多數同(tong)志的(de)(de)(de)贊同(tong),19時(shi)半,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)委(wei)在芙蓉(rong)(rong)發出了西進(jin)(jin)貴州的(de)(de)(de)"萬萬火(huo)急"電令(ling)。通過這次(ci)會議,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)紅(hong)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)放棄從湖南西南湘桂黔邊界北(bei)(bei)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)原計(ji)劃,決(jue)定轉道(dao)(dao)貴州。13日(ri)(ri),伍云甫日(ri)(ri)記(ji)記(ji)錄:從芙蓉(rong)(rong)出發,經(jing)蘆(爐(lu))溪到(dao)播陽......
1951年11月,原屬綏寧縣的芙蓉。金殿等地域劃歸通道縣,1959年劉伯承元帥在八一雜志發表《回顧長征》的文章中首次提到"通道轉兵",講了紅軍12月占領湖南通道城后,立即改向貴州的通道轉兵,而沒講會議,但是提到當時毛主席的提議,得到大多數同志的贊同,必然有個會議討論研究,這樣就提出了通道會議,從此"通道轉兵會議"開始流傳開來。為了核實這次會議,1971年通道侗族自治縣黨委政府向區委。省(sheng)委(wei)(wei)詢(xun)問(wen)未知。再由省(sheng)委(wei)(wei)上報問(wen)詢(xun)中央(yang)軍事(shi)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會,1972年中央(yang)軍事(shi)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會工(gong)作(zuo)人員(yuan)轉(zhuan)告(gao)鄧穎超同志去問(wen)周恩來總(zong)理,周總(zong)理回(hui)答:當時是(shi)(shi)開過(guo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)會議(yi)(yi)和黎(li)平(ping)會議(yi)(yi)。通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)縣委(wei)(wei)與懷化區委(wei)(wei)黨(dang)史人員(yuan)到芙(fu)蓉(rong)進行多次調查(cha).走訪,通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)還在世的開國元勛、老紅軍、專家(jia)認證,最終確認芙(fu)蓉(rong)木林庵(an)是(shi)(shi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)轉(zhuan)兵(bing)會址。芙(fu)蓉(rong)1951年劃(hua)管(guan)通(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao),在人們意識概念中自然(ran)認為通(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)轉(zhuan)兵(bing)會議(yi)(yi)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)芙(fu)蓉(rong)轉(zhuan)兵(bing)會議(yi)(yi),簡(jian)稱"通(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)會議(yi)(yi)",或(huo)因(yin)地(di)名(ming)而稱"芙(fu)蓉(rong)會議(yi)(yi)",全名(ming)叫 "通(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)芙(fu)蓉(rong)轉(zhuan)兵(bing)會議(yi)(yi)"。
通道會議(yi)是在(zai)芙(fu)蓉召開的(de)(de)。至于通道會議(yi)在(zai)芙(fu)蓉的(de)(de)具體(ti)位置,我們認為是芙(fu)蓉的(de)(de)木(mu)林庵(an)。木(mu)林庵(an)是座落在(zai)半(ban)山腰的(de)(de)一(yi)個獨立庵(an)堂,前面有一(yi)條(tiao)小溪,站(zhan)在(zai)這里,整(zheng)個芙(fu)蓉盡(jin)收眼底。這些特征(zheng),完全與一(yi)些老同志的(de)(de)回憶相(xiang)吻合。
通(tong)道(dao)會(hui)(hui)議(yi)轉兵(bing)決(jue)策(ce),紅軍(jun)(jun)實(shi)施西(xi)進,是拒(ju)絕李德、博古的(de)錯誤指(zhi)揮(hui),變更(geng)中央軍(jun)(jun)事指(zhi)揮(hui)權。通(tong)道(dao)會(hui)(hui)議(yi)上,毛(mao)澤東(dong)力挽(wan)危局,得到周恩(en)來(lai)、朱德、王稼祥、張(zhang)聞天等人(ren)贊同(tong)和支持,是第五次反“圍(wei)剿”以來(lai),毛(mao)澤東(dong)的(de)正(zheng)確意(yi)見(jian)第一次得到中央領(ling)導人(ren)尊重,并(bing)對中央決(jue)策(ce)產生(sheng)重大影響。通(tong)道(dao)會(hui)(hui)議(yi),不僅避免了紅軍(jun)(jun)北上湘西(xi)遭(zao)受毀滅命運,為(wei)(wei)黨和紅軍(jun)(jun)的(de)長征開(kai)辟了一條新的(de)生(sheng)路,更(geng)重要的(de)是,毛(mao)澤東(dong)正(zheng)確路線逐步為(wei)(wei)多數領(ling)導人(ren)共(gong)識,實(shi)為(wei)(wei)黎平會(hui)(hui)議(yi)形成決(jue)議(yi)和遵義會(hui)(hui)議(yi)轉折打下了組織基(ji)礎和思想基(ji)礎。