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一.產品介紹

涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)彝(yi)族自治州是全國(guo)彝(yi)族聚(ju)居最多的地(di)區，綿羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)是彝(yi)族人(ren)(ren)民(min)在婚喪(sang)嫁娶、過年(nian)(nian)過節、走(zou)親(qin)訪(fang)友、招待(dai)貴客(ke)時必須宰殺的牲畜(chu)，它的地(di)位僅次于(yu)牛。涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)細(xi)(xi)毛(mao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)是彝(yi)族人(ren)(ren)民(min)傳統的生產和生活資料(liao)，價格適中(zhong)(zhong)，因此，在彝(yi)族人(ren)(ren)民(min)的生活中(zhong)(zhong)具有(you)不(bu)可替(ti)代(dai)的作用。 涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)細(xi)(xi)毛(mao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)培(pei)育(yu)起始于(yu)20世紀(ji)50年(nian)(nian)代(dai)后(hou)(hou)期，至70年(nian)(nian)代(dai)初為細(xi)(xi)毛(mao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)改(gai)(gai)良(liang)(liang)(liang)階段：引進新(xin)疆細(xi)(xi)毛(mao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)進行(xing)雜(za)交改(gai)(gai)良(liang)(liang)(liang)試(shi)驗，并(bing)在全州推廣，到(dao)1974年(nian)(nian)改(gai)(gai)良(liang)(liang)(liang)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)5.8萬(wan)(wan)只，并(bing)逐步建立了(le)(le)多個州屬和縣屬種(zhong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)場(chang)。但是，由于(yu)細(xi)(xi)毛(mao)改(gai)(gai)良(liang)(liang)(liang)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)對(dui)當(dang)地(di)雨季潮濕、炎熱氣候適應較差，不(bu)宜于(yu)制作披氈(zhan)、察爾瓦等，群眾對(dui)細(xi)(xi)毛(mao)改(gai)(gai)良(liang)(liang)(liang)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)積極性(xing)不(bu)高(gao)，致使改(gai)(gai)良(liang)(liang)(liang)步伐緩慢。1966年(nian)(nian)開(kai)始從國(guo)外引入邊區萊斯特以及羅姆尼(ni)等半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)細(xi)(xi)毛(mao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)與細(xi)(xi)毛(mao)改(gai)(gai)良(liang)(liang)(liang)后(hou)(hou)代(dai)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)進行(xing)雜(za)交組(zu)合(he)試(shi)驗，至1986年(nian)(nian)全州半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)細(xi)(xi)毛(mao)改(gai)(gai)良(liang)(liang)(liang)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)達11.85萬(wan)(wan)只。1986年(nian)(nian)國(guo)家(jia)科(ke)委(wei)、農(nong)業部將培(pei)育(yu)48—50支粗檔半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)細(xi)(xi)毛(mao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)新(xin)品(pin)種(zhong)連續納入國(guo)家(jia)“七五(wu)”、“八五(wu)”、“九五(wu)”重(zhong)點科(ke)技攻關計(ji)劃，由涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)州畜(chu)牧(mu)局主持，組(zu)織四(si)川農(nong)業大學(xue)、四(si)川省畜(chu)牧(mu)獸醫研(yan)究所、涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)州畜(chu)牧(mu)獸醫科(ke)學(xue)研(yan)究所等進行(xing)聯合(he)攻關。到(dao)1995年(nian)(nian)，成(cheng)功育(yu)成(cheng)了(le)(le)涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)細(xi)(xi)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)新(xin)品(pin)種(zhong)，存(cun)欄11萬(wan)(wan)余(yu)只，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)特一(yi)級公母(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)達到(dao)5190只，等級羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)達到(dao)35237只，基礎(chu)母(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)達到(dao)45958只。2007年(nian)(nian)存(cun)欄22.31萬(wan)(wan)只，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)特、一(yi)級羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)14.5萬(wan)(wan)只，并(bing)在州內外廣泛推廣，其(qi)適應性(xing)和雜(za)交改(gai)(gai)良(liang)(liang)(liang)效果良(liang)(liang)(liang)好。 2009年(nian)(nian)10月(yue)通過國(guo)家(jia)畜(chu)禽遺(yi)傳資源委(wei)員會審定并(bing)正式命名，是我(wo)國(guo)培(pei)育(yu)的第一(yi)個半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)細(xi)(xi)毛(mao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)新(xin)品(pin)種(zhong)（證(zheng)書編號：農(nong)03新(xin)品(pin)種(zhong)證(zheng)字第6號），填補了(le)(le)我(wo)國(guo)養羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)業中(zhong)(zhong)的空白(bai)。

二(er).自然(ran)生態環境和人文歷史因素

（1）地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)理特征(zheng)(zheng)：涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)彝族自治(zhi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)位于(yu)(yu)四川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)省(sheng)(sheng)西(xi)(xi)南(nan)部，北起大(da)(da)渡河，接川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)西(xi)(xi)北山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)原(yuan)(yuan)和山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，靠(kao)雅安、甘孜兩市(shi)（州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)），南(nan)至金沙江河谷(gu)，接攀(pan)枝花市(shi)，東臨金沙江與(yu)云南(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)隔江相望，東北低與(yu)樂山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、宜(yi)賓兩地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)接壤。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)理處(chu)于(yu)(yu)青藏高(gao)原(yuan)(yuan)、云貴(gui)(gui)高(gao)原(yuan)(yuan)向四川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)盆地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)度(du)(du)帶(dai)，西(xi)(xi)跨(kua)橫(heng)斷山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)系，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌輪(lun)廓較為(wei)(wei)(wei)復雜(za)多樣(yang)(yang)，其主(zhu)要特征(zheng)(zheng)是(shi)(shi)：第(di)一(yi)(yi)，北部高(gao)，西(xi)(xi)部低，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)勢由西(xi)(xi)北向東南(nan)傾斜(xie)。第(di)二(er)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)勢起伏大(da)(da)，高(gao)差懸殊。川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)內(nei)(nei)海拔最高(gao)處(chu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)西(xi)(xi)北部木(mu)里(li)縣境(jing)內(nei)(nei)5958米(mi)，海拔最低處(chu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)雷波(bo)縣境(jing)內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)巖洞金沙江谷(gu)底，僅有325米(mi)，相對(dui)高(gao)度(du)(du)達到(dao)5633米(mi)。第(di)三(san)，山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)相間排列，切割(ge)(ge)強烈，谷(gu)深坡陡。第(di)四，峰巒重迭(die)，而且多樣(yang)(yang)類型。如(ru)黃茅埂(geng)以(yi)東，稱小涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)切割(ge)(ge)破(po)碎，山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)高(gao)坡陡；黃茅埂(geng)以(yi)西(xi)(xi)稱大(da)(da)涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)切割(ge)(ge)微弱，主(zhu)要地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌類型為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)或中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)原(yuan)(yuan)，超(chao)過(guo)4000米(mi)以(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)很少(shao)，它又是(shi)(shi)云貴(gui)(gui)高(gao)原(yuan)(yuan)向北伸廷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)角。涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈主(zhu)要是(shi)(shi)屬(shu)(shu)于(yu)(yu)橫(heng)斷山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈，分屬(shu)(shu)沙魯(lu)里(li)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、大(da)(da)雪山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、小相嶺(ling)—魯(lu)南(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、大(da)(da)小涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)等(deng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)系。州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈大(da)(da)都呈南(nan)北走向，從西(xi)(xi)北到(dao)東南(nan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分布是(shi)(shi)：柏林山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、魯(lu)南(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、錦屏山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、牦牛山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、螺(luo)吉山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、小相嶺(ling)、大(da)(da)涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、小涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)由于(yu)(yu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)高(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)多，水(shui)深水(shui)急，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌相嵌成一(yi)(yi)個雄(xiong)偉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峽谷(gu)，富饒美(mei)麗(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)西(xi)(xi)南(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)內(nei)(nei)以(yi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，海拔高(gao)于(yu)(yu)1000米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)原(yuan)(yuan)、高(gao)原(yuan)(yuan)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)共(gong)有565.18萬公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，占全(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)幅(fu)(fu)員面(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)93.6%，其中(zhong)(zhong)屬(shu)(shu)低中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、高(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、極高(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)為(wei)(wei)(wei)535.05萬畝，占全(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)幅(fu)(fu)員面(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)88.5%。涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)半細毛羊主(zhu)要分布在海拔1500—4000米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)幅(fu)(fu)員面(mian)積(ji)(ji)500.96萬公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃。全(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)天(tian)然草(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)241.16萬公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，是(shi)(shi)耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)7.48倍，可(ke)利用面(mian)積(ji)(ji)198.71萬公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃。草(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)規模既有高(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)成片(pian)草(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，也(ye)有村莊附近的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)零星(xing)草(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，全(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)共(gong)有成片(pian)草(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)3504塊，面(mian)積(ji)(ji)215.51萬公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，占草(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)89.36%，草(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)共(gong)有13類，33個組(zu)，93個型，天(tian)然草(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多達155科，782屬(shu)(shu)，2106種(zhong)，其中(zhong)(zhong)草(cao)(cao)(cao)本植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)有1909種(zhong)，占草(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)90.6%，飼(si)用植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)約(yue)占75%左右。飼(si)用植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)既有大(da)(da)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優質禾本科牧草(cao)(cao)(cao)，也(ye)有品質優良(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)豆(dou)科牧草(cao)(cao)(cao)，各類草(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)中(zhong)(zhong)優、良(liang)、中(zhong)(zhong)三(san)等(deng)以(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)牧草(cao)(cao)(cao)占絕對(dui)重量優勢，一(yi)(yi)般都在60%以(yi)上(shang)。天(tian)然草(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)單位面(mian)積(ji)(ji)測定(ding)鮮草(cao)(cao)(cao)產(chan)量為(wei)(wei)(wei)每公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃2348.3—17142公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤，全(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)平均(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)5942.5公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤。人工牧草(cao)(cao)(cao)主(zhu)要種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)白三(san)葉(xie)、多年生黑麥(mai)草(cao)(cao)(cao)、光葉(xie)紫(zi)花苕(tiao)、紫(zi)花苜蓿等(deng)。 

（2）水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)：涼山州(zhou)內水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)豐富。主要(yao)江(jiang)河(he)(he)有(you)(you)金(jin)沙(sha)江(jiang)、雅(ya)礱江(jiang)、大(da)渡河(he)(he)三大(da)干(gan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，金(jin)沙(sha)江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)經州(zhou)內會(hui)理、會(hui)東、寧南、布拖、金(jin)陽和(he)雷波等6個縣，州(zhou)內全(quan)長(chang)(chang)598.7公(gong)里，流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)域面積2.489萬平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)公(gong)里。主要(yao)支(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)有(you)(you)塵(chen)河(he)(he)，鲹魚(yu)河(he)(he)、黑水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)、西(xi)溪(xi)河(he)(he)、溜(liu)筒(tong)河(he)(he)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)洛河(he)(he)。雅(ya)礱江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)經木里、鹽源(yuan)、冕寧、西(xi)昌和(he)德昌，州(zhou)內全(quan)長(chang)(chang)448公(gong)里，流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)域面積2.29萬平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)公(gong)里，主要(yao)支(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)有(you)(you)安寧河(he)(he)、理塘河(he)(he)、臥落河(he)(he)、孫水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)。大(da)渡河(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)州(zhou)內全(quan)長(chang)(chang)35公(gong)里，流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)域面積4526平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)公(gong)里，主要(yao)支(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)有(you)(you)泥(ni)日(ri)河(he)(he)匯(hui)入。涼山州(zhou)境內水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)縱橫(heng)交錯(cuo)，流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)域500—1000平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)公(gong)里的河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)有(you)(you)22條，100—500平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)公(gong)里的河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)達160條。境內各(ge)河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)大(da)部分(fen)靠降(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)補(bu)充，在(zai)地(di)域上(shang)的變化很大(da)，時(shi)空分(fen)布也(ye)不(bu)均(jun)勻，但總體上(shang)屬于(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)豐富，高于(yu)全(quan)省、全(quan)國平(ping)(ping)均(jun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)。州(zhou)內洪(hong)枯季(ji)節變化明顯，一(yi)(yi)般5—10月洪(hong)汛(xun)(xun)期，11月到(dao)次年(nian)4月為枯水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)期，汛(xun)(xun)期降(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)一(yi)(yi)般占(zhan)年(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)85%以上(shang)，汛(xun)(xun)期平(ping)(ping)均(jun)徑流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)占(zhan)年(nian)徑流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)的67.5%—88.6%，而(er)枯水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)期徑流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)僅占(zhan)年(nian)徑流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)總量(liang)(liang)的11.4%—32.5%。由(you)于(yu)降(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)的嚴重失衡，加之草地(di)、林地(di)的生態保護滯后，導致我(wo)州(zhou)自(zi)然災害較為頻繁。每年(nian)汛(xun)(xun)期來臨時(shi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)土流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)失嚴重，泥(ni)石(shi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)損毀草地(di)草場、畜(chu)(chu)圈和(he)牲(sheng)畜(chu)(chu)傷(shang)亡(wang)。而(er)枯水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)期干(gan)旱少雨，牧(mu)草生長(chang)(chang)發育遲(chi)緩(huan)，草料供給不(bu)足(zu)，牲(sheng)畜(chu)(chu)飲水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)困難，制約著草食畜(chu)(chu)的快速健康發展。 

（3）氣(qi)(qi)候條(tiao)件：涼(liang)山州(zhou)屬亞(ya)熱(re)(re)帶季(ji)(ji)風氣(qi)(qi)候區(qu)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)10.1—19.3℃，≥10.0℃的(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)效年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)積溫(wen)(wen)2380—6352℃，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)日照(zhao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)數1227—2603小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，太陽輻射量(liang)(liang)91.8—145.5千卡/平(ping)方厘米(mi)，無霜期(qi)201—321天，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)796—1164毫米(mi)。由于受地(di)形地(di)貌等(deng)多(duo)(duo)種因(yin)素(su)(su)(su)的(de)(de)影(ying)響，州(zhou)內氣(qi)(qi)候類型(xing)多(duo)(duo)種多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)，獨具特點。一(yi)是垂直變(bian)化(hua)大，水平(ping)區(qu)間(jian)有(you)(you)(you)明(ming)顯差異，素(su)(su)(su)有(you)(you)(you)“一(yi)山有(you)(you)(you)四季(ji)(ji)，十里(li)不(bu)同天”之(zhi)說(shuo)。以小(xiao)(xiao)相嶺和黃茅埂為(wei)界，具有(you)(you)(you)南(nan)(nan)干(gan)北濕、東(dong)潤西(xi)(xi)燥、低熱(re)(re)高涼(liang)的(de)(de)特征。西(xi)(xi)部(bu)氣(qi)(qi)候溫(wen)(wen)和、干(gan)燥，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)11.5—12.4℃，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)793—828毫米(mi)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)日照(zhao)長達2600小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)；南(nan)(nan)部(bu)和東(dong)部(bu)海(hai)(hai)拔1200米(mi)以下的(de)(de)干(gan)熱(re)(re)河(he)谷，是典型(xing)的(de)(de)南(nan)(nan)亞(ya)熱(re)(re)帶氣(qi)(qi)候，素(su)(su)(su)有(you)(you)(you)“熱(re)(re)帶非地(di)”之(zhi)稱，被譽(yu)為(wei)“不(bu)是海(hai)(hai)南(nan)(nan)，勝似(si)海(hai)(hai)南(nan)(nan)”，是全省熱(re)(re)量(liang)(liang)資源(yuan)最(zui)好的(de)(de)地(di)段(duan)。西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)及中部(bu)地(di)區(qu)，光熱(re)(re)資源(yuan)充(chong)足(zu)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)溫(wen)(wen)12.0—17.0℃，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)日照(zhao)1700—2600小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)1000—1400毫米(mi)；北部(bu)山地(di)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)日照(zhao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)數1600-1800小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)溫(wen)(wen)13.0-16.0℃，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)1000毫米(mi)左(zuo)右。二(er)是降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)集中，干(gan)濕季(ji)(ji)節分明(ming)，夏半年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)云雨(yu)(yu)(yu)較多(duo)(duo)，氣(qi)(qi)候涼(liang)爽，冬半年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)日照(zhao)充(chong)足(zu)，少雨(yu)(yu)(yu)干(gan)暖。一(yi)般5—10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份為(wei)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)季(ji)(ji)，降(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)占全年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)90%以上。三是年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)溫(wen)(wen)差小(xiao)(xiao)，日溫(wen)(wen)差大，冬暖夏涼(liang)，四季(ji)(ji)如春。最(zui)熱(re)(re)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)為(wei)七月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份，各縣月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)均(jun)(jun)溫(wen)(wen)在17.0—24.4℃之(zhi)間(jian)，最(zui)冷月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)為(wei)一(yi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份，月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)均(jun)(jun)溫(wen)(wen)在1.6—10.8℃之(zhi)間(jian)。

三.地域范圍

涼山半細毛(mao)羊(yang)地理標(biao)志畜產(chan)品產(chan)地范(fan)圍為四川省涼山彝族自治州(zhou)所轄(xia)的會(hui)東、寧(ning)(ning)南、普格、布拖(tuo)、昭覺、金陽(yang)、美(mei)姑、雷(lei)波、越(yue)西、甘(gan)洛、喜德、冕寧(ning)(ning)、鹽源13個縣472個鄉(xiang)鎮2949個行政村(cun)5512個村(cun)民(min)小(xiao)組，幅員面積(ji)(ji)37710平方公里(li)，其(qi)(qi)地理坐標(biao)為東經108°04'—103°52'，北緯(wei)26°03'—29°18'。其(qi)(qi)中保(bao)護面積(ji)(ji)2694平方公里(li)，生產(chan)面積(ji)(ji)1536平方公里(li)，年(nian)存欄187萬只(zhi)，年(nian)產(chan)量154萬只(zhi)。

四.產品品質特(te)性(xing)特(te)征

（1）涼山半細毛羊肉質感(gan)官特征：宰殺(sha)后，肌肉豐滿(man)緊密、有(you)堅實感(gan)、顏色鮮(xian)艷、光(guang)澤潤滑、水嫩多汁、紅(hong)色均勻，用手觸摸濕潤不粘(zhan)手、肌纖(xian)維韌性強(qiang)、有(you)彈性，胴體表面被覆(fu)一層薄薄的白(bai)色、均勻的脂肪(fang)分布，無膻味(wei)。煮沸后的羊肉湯澄清(qing)透明，羊脂團浮聚于湯表面，香(xiang)氣四溢，風味(wei)十(shi)足，具(ju)有(you)鮮(xian)、香(xiang)、濃等特色。

（2）涼山半(ban)細毛羊肉(rou)(rou)(rou)內(nei)在品質指標和風(feng)味(wei)特征：涼山半(ban)細毛羊羊肉(rou)(rou)(rou)經測定(ding)：水份含(han)(han)量(liang)為70.90%，蛋(dan)(dan)白質含(han)(han)量(liang)23.31%，脂肪含(han)(han)量(liang)7.34%，灰分含(han)(han)量(liang)0.85%。肌肉(rou)(rou)(rou)中(zhong)富含(han)(han)多種氨(an)基酸(suan)(suan)(suan)，其(qi)中(zhong)賴(lai)氨(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)4.93%、組(zu)氨(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)1.85%、氨(an)精酸(suan)(suan)(suan)3.89%、蘇氨(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)2.64%、纈氨(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)2.75%、蛋(dan)(dan)氨(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)1.24%、異亮氨(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)2.69%、亮氨(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)4.77%、苯(ben)丙氨(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)2.37%。屠宰率(lv)高且(qie)鮮肉(rou)(rou)(rou)色澤純正，具有清香味(wei)，熟(shu)肉(rou)(rou)(rou)肉(rou)(rou)(rou)質細嫩鮮美，肉(rou)(rou)(rou)湯香味(wei)濃郁，風(feng)味(wei)獨特。 

（3）安全生產(chan)和產(chan)品質量控制：產(chan)地環(huan)境、飼料環(huan)境、飼養(yang)管理(li)(li)、飲用水(shui)、獸藥的使用、疫病防(fang)治均符合地理(li)(li)標志保護相關規定。