新能源汽車保養有哪些項目

通常情況下，新能源汽車保養項(xiang)目分別為制動系(xi)統(tong)、空(kong)調系(xi)統(tong)、充(chong)電系(xi)統(tong)、底盤部分檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)、車身部分檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)、動力電池系(xi)統(tong)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)、冷卻系(xi)統(tong)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)、轉(zhuan)向(xiang)系(xi)統(tong)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)、附加(jia)項(xiang)目等(deng)9個大項(xiang)目，共計近50項(xiang)小項(xiang)。

高壓線束檢測

這個(ge)環節(jie)主要是檢查高(gao)壓(ya)線(xian)束的(de)(de)(de)導電性(xing)和(he)(he)絕緣性(xing)。像傳(chuan)統汽車的(de)(de)(de)燃(ran)油系統一樣(yang),高(gao)壓(ya)線(xian)束的(de)(de)(de)好壞(huai)直接決(jue)定(ding)著這臺(tai)車能不能開和(he)(he)安全與否的(de)(de)(de)問題。檢測的(de)(de)(de)儀(yi)器(qi)是萬用表，檢測過程是將連接動力電池的(de)(de)(de)線(xian)束與電源控制器(qi)分離，然后用探(tan)針逐個(ge)測試，如在規定(ding)數(shu)值內則判定(ding)為合(he)格。值得(de)注意的(de)(de)(de)是，大多數(shu)汽車廠(chang)家對(dui)高(gao)壓(ya)線(xian)束保修時(shi)間(jian)為5年(nian)。

電池組檢測

大家(jia)在購買電(dian)動汽(qi)車時，都會關心電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)壽(shou)命，國內汽(qi)車廠商的(de)電(dian)動汽(qi)車，多采用磷酸(suan)鐵鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)，它比普通手機中使(shi)用的(de)鋰(li)離子電(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽(shou)命更長、充放電(dian)更快、安(an)全(quan)性更高。通常，磷酸(suan)鐵鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)可滿充滿放電(dian)2000次以上，按(an)照(zhao)一年(nian)充200次計算，電(dian)池(chi)(chi)可以有將近10年(nian)的(de)使(shi)用壽(shou)命。

動(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)是通過一(yi)臺(tai)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦和數據連接(jie)器實現的，檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)過程需要(yao)拆(chai)下新能源汽車的儀表(biao)盤下擋(dang)板。鏈接(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦后，就(jiu)可以使用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)軟件輕松(song)看(kan)到各(ge)類電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)信息，包括電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)成(cheng)組的情況(kuang)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)溫度、CAN總線通訊狀(zhuang)態(tai)等。一(yi)旦有個別電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)單體出(chu)現問題，就(jiu)會(hui)影響整個動(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的工作狀(zhuang)態(tai)。

一次保養的時(shi)間(jian)大概在45分鐘左右(you)。隨著使(shi)(shi)用的時(shi)間(jian)，由(you)于功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)性組件的性能(neng)(neng)(neng)磨(mo)損、老化、腐蝕等原因(yin)，可能(neng)(neng)(neng)致使(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)車(che)安全(quan)性能(neng)(neng)(neng)逐漸降低，定期(qi)按(an)照規定進行(xing)(xing)保養，才能(neng)(neng)(neng)保障(zhang)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)汽車(che)的安全(quan)行(xing)(xing)駛。

電池養護

1、充電時間

每個(ge)車主對車的(de)使用情況各不(bu)同的(de)，因此，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電要(yao)根據自己(ji)的(de)實際情況進行(xing)，供(gong)選擇的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電模式有快充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)。沒必要(yao)過于相信別人經驗之談，要(yao)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)幾小時(shi)才行(xing)，或充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿后在(zai)過充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)1小時(shi)，這都不(bu)科學，電池(chi)在(zai)出廠前都進行(xing)過擴容，電池(chi)管理系統(tong)顯(xian)示以(yi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿就真的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿了，過充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)會(hui)帶來很多隱(yin)形的(de)危害。還有就是(shi)盡(jin)量不(bu)要(yao)選擇快充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，除非你應(ying)急時(shi)，選擇快充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，快充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)對電池(chi)的(de)危害就不(bu)贅述了。

切記不(bu)要過(guo)度充電(dian)、過(guo)度放電(dian)，盡量使用交流充電(dian)（慢充）。

該圖片由注冊用戶"仰望星空"提供，版權聲明反饋

2、充電頻次

關于充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)頻次(ci)這個(ge)(ge)問題，也要根據自己的(de)行(xing)駛(shi)來進行(xing)判斷。在正常行(xing)駛(shi)的(de)情(qing)況下，如果電(dian)(dian)(dian)池管理系統的(de)提示(shi)該(gai)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)了，就真的(de)該(gai)當充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)了；千萬不要硬抗(kang)，應盡快停止運行(xing)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，否(fou)則電(dian)(dian)(dian)池會因為過度放電(dian)(dian)(dian)而(er)縮短(duan)壽(shou)命。有(you)些人習慣每次(ci)出(chu)門前(qian)都充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，有(you)時只(zhi)運行(xing)了很短(duan)的(de)時間(jian)就續充(chong)，這個(ge)(ge)時候充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時間(jian)不宜過長，否(fou)則就會過度充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)從而(er)使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池發熱。

可以(yi)發現，純電動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)對散熱系統(tong)的要求還(huan)是(shi)很(hen)高的，常(chang)規保養(yang)項目雖然少，周期(qi)長(chang)，省(sheng)錢(qian)省(sheng)心，只是(shi)用電腦過一(yi)(yi)遍各項參數就(jiu)差(cha)不多(duo)了(le)，但該有的定期(qi)檢查必須得(de)去，而且(qie)很(hen)重要。對燃油車(che)來(lai)說，保養(yang)不到位(wei)(wei)頂多(duo)是(shi)車(che)子磨損厲(li)害(hai)一(yi)(yi)點，油耗高一(yi)(yi)點，而對電動(dong)車(che)來(lai)說，檢查不到位(wei)(wei)，一(yi)(yi)旦出現動(dong)力系統(tong)故(gu)障(zhang)（特別是(shi)電池），就(jiu)一(yi)(yi)定不是(shi)小事(shi)情。

電動汽車保養周期為多久

每位(wei)車(che)(che)主在購車(che)(che)時都會得到(dao)一本(ben)車(che)(che)主手(shou)冊，里(li)(li)面會附有一張保(bao)(bao)養(yang)周(zhou)期表，明確告(gao)知車(che)(che)主在什么時候進行保(bao)(bao)養(yang)、該如何維護保(bao)(bao)養(yang)。不同(tong)車(che)(che)系和品(pin)牌(pai)的新能(neng)源車(che)(che)型(xing)，其保(bao)(bao)養(yang)周(zhou)期是不同(tong)的，最短的1個月/3000公(gong)里(li)(li)就要做首(shou)保(bao)(bao)，而(er)大部(bu)分(fen)車(che)(che)型(xing)則是1萬公(gong)里(li)(li)或1年才(cai)需要首(shou)次保(bao)(bao)養(yang)。所(suo)以，按(an)照保(bao)(bao)養(yang)手(shou)冊來進行保(bao)(bao)養(yang)就好了。

需要(yao)提醒的是(shi)，也要(yao)根據車輛的具體使用環(huan)境來確定保(bao)養(yang)里程，比(bi)如說你經(jing)常跑山路，或者經(jing)常在高(gao)速上行駛等等情況要(yao)自(zi)行縮短保(bao)養(yang)里程。

新能源汽車保養方法

1、避免大電流放電

電(dian)(dian)動車(che)在起步、載人、上坡(po)時(shi)，盡(jin)量避免猛踩加速(su)，形成瞬(shun)間大電(dian)(dian)流(liu)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)。大電(dian)(dian)流(liu)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)容易(yi)導致產生硫酸鉛結(jie)晶，從而損(sun)害電(dian)(dian)池(chi)極(ji)板的(de)物理性能。

2、嚴禁存放時虧電

所謂的虧(kui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)，即是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池使用后(hou)沒有及時充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，虧(kui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)下(xia)容易引起電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池硫(liu)酸(suan)鹽化，堵塞電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)離子通道，造成(cheng)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)不足，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池容量下(xia)降。

正確的做法是電(dian)(dian)池(chi)閑置不(bu)用時，應(ying)每月充(chong)電(dian)(dian)一次，讓電(dian)(dian)池(chi)保持健康的狀態。不(bu)過得益于電(dian)(dian)池(chi)現代化的BMS電(dian)(dian)池(chi)管(guan)理系統，即使充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時間稍長也不(bu)會對車(che)輛(liang)造成影響哦。

3、正確掌握充電時間

在使(shi)用過程中，應根據實(shi)際(ji)情況準確把握充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時間，參考平(ping)時使(shi)用頻(pin)率及(ji)行(xing)(xing)駛里程情況，把握充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)頻(pin)次。正(zheng)常行(xing)(xing)駛時，如(ru)果電(dian)(dian)量表指示紅燈和黃燈亮，就應充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)了；如(ru)只剩(sheng)下(xia)紅燈亮，應停(ting)止運行(xing)(xing)，盡快充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，否則電(dian)(dian)瓶過度放電(dian)(dian)會(hui)嚴重縮(suo)短其壽命。

充(chong)(chong)(chong)滿電(dian)后運行(xing)時間(jian)(jian)較短就充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)時間(jian)(jian)不(bu)宜過(guo)長(chang)，否則會(hui)形成過(guo)度充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)，使電(dian)瓶發(fa)熱。過(guo)度充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)、過(guo)度放電(dian)和(he)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)不(bu)足都會(hui)縮短電(dian)瓶壽命(ming)。

一(yi)般情(qing)況蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池平均充電(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間在(zai)10小時(shi)(shi)左右。充電(dian)(dian)過程如電(dian)(dian)瓶溫(wen)度超過65℃，應停止充電(dian)(dian)。

4、經常檢查輪胎氣壓

將輪(lun)(lun)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)氣(qi)壓(ya)保持在正(zheng)確的(de)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)壓(ya)，必須每兩星期或至少每月檢查(cha)一(yi)次(ci)輪(lun)(lun)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)氣(qi)壓(ya)。不正(zheng)確的(de)輪(lun)(lun)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)氣(qi)壓(ya)會造(zao)成耗(hao)電、行駛里程(cheng)短，降低駕駛的(de)舒(shu)適性，降低輪(lun)(lun)胎(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)壽(shou)命(ming)并(bing)降低行車(che)安全性。

6、防止暴曬

電動車嚴禁在陽光下暴曬(shai)。溫度過(guo)高(gao)的(de)環境會使(shi)蓄電池內部壓力增加而使(shi)電池失水，引發電池活性下降(jiang)，加速(su)極板老(lao)化。

7、定期檢查

在使用過程中，如果電動汽車的續航里程在短(duan)時(shi)間內突然大幅度(du)下降十幾公里，則(ze)很有可能是電(dian)池(chi)(chi)組中(zhong)最少有一(yi)塊(kuai)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)出現問(wen)題。此(ci)時(shi)，應及時(shi)到銷(xiao)售中(zhong)心或代(dai)理商(shang)維修(xiu)部進行(xing)檢查(cha)、修(xiu)復或配組。這樣能相(xiang)對(dui)延(yan)長電(dian)池(chi)(chi)組的壽命，最大程度(du)地節省您(nin)的開支(zhi)。