驚嘆號故障

1、故障原因

一般(ban)這個故(gu)障在排除硬件(jian)問題以后(hou)，大(da)多是軟件(jian)和系(xi)統標(biao)定的問題。大(da)致原因是系(xi)統檢(jian)測到(dao)電池(chi)溫度(du)超過預設的安全值，或者系(xi)統檢(jian)測到(dao)偶發故(gu)障信號，自作(zuo)主張(zhang)的限制了車輛的部分功能。

2、應對方案

和(he)解決(jue)電(dian)(dian)腦死機，手機卡頓的方法一樣，重啟就能解決(jue)大部分問題。純電(dian)(dian)動汽車(che)其(qi)實(shi)也可(ke)以看做(zuo)一個大個頭(tou)的電(dian)(dian)子產品，所(suo)有電(dian)(dian)子系統和(he)主機的供電(dian)(dian)都由(you)發(fa)動機艙內的小電(dian)(dian)瓶負責。

此時只要用扳手擰下(xia)小(xiao)電(dian)瓶的負極接線并(bing)保持斷開5分鐘左右(you)，讓車(che)輛車(che)載系統處(chu)于(yu)徹底斷電(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)，之后再(zai)將(jiang)小(xiao)電(dian)瓶負極線擰緊恢復。

此時(shi)車輛(liang)(liang)的系統(tong)經過(guo)斷電處(chu)理(li)后，可視為“重啟”，所(suo)有標定和檢測都恢(hui)復初(chu)始值(zhi)，此時(shi)再啟動(dong)車輛(liang)(liang)，幾乎(hu)都可以順利成功。

動力電池絕緣故障

可能原因：電動汽車電池箱或(huo)插件(jian)(jian)進水，電芯漏液，環境(jing)濕(shi)度大，絕(jue)(jue)緣誤(wu)報(bao)，整車其他高壓(ya)部件(jian)(jian)(控制器、壓(ya)縮機等(deng))絕(jue)(jue)緣不過。

處理方法：正極對地，如果有電壓或絕緣阻值小于規定值，則判處負極電路漏電；負極對地，如果有電(dian)壓或絕緣阻(zu)值小于規定值，則判(pan)處(chu)(chu)正(zheng)極電(dian)路漏(lou)電(dian)。根據其(qi)漏(lou)電(dian)電(dian)壓大小除(chu)以此時的單(dan)串電(dian)壓值就可以計(ji)算出漏(lou)電(dian)點位(wei)，然后根據不同情況分析處(chu)(chu)理。

功率限制燈亮

這是(shi)車主常(chang)見的(de)“烏(wu)龜燈”亮了，故障現象是(shi)車輛(liang)的(de)輸(shu)出功(gong)率受到限(xian)制(zhi)，車輛(liang)只能在40公里/小時的(de)限(xian)速下行(xing)駛。

1、故障原因

出現這(zhe)種現象(xiang)有幾個(ge)原(yuan)因，其(qi)中(zhong)除(chu)去動(dong)力電池(chi)即將耗盡，車(che)輛(liang)進入保護狀態這(zhe)個(ge)非故障(zhang)原(yuan)因之外(wai)，最重要(yao)的就(jiu)是系統(tong)檢測車(che)輛(liang)在電路系統(tong)有故障(zhang)，或動(dong)力電池(chi)溫(wen)度(du)超過安(an)全(quan)范圍，需(xu)要(yao)降(jiang)低功(gong)率以保證車(che)輛(liang)相關部件的安(an)全(quan)。

2、應對方案

如果是(shi)因為動力電(dian)(dian)池虧(kui)電(dian)(dian)出現烏龜燈，那(nei)么只要盡(jin)快找地方(fang)(fang)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)就能解(jie)決；如果是(shi)電(dian)(dian)池溫度過(guo)高(gao)，建議(yi)找地方(fang)(fang)暫(zan)時停車(che)(che)熄(xi)火，等電(dian)(dian)池恢復安全(quan)溫度后再繼續行駛；如果急著趕路，車(che)(che)主又能自行確認車(che)(che)輛沒有其(qi)他故障，那(nei)么可(ke)以臨時停車(che)(che)，斷掉發(fa)動機艙內小電(dian)(dian)瓶的負(fu)極，讓車(che)(che)輛重啟并“沖掉”之前的故障警告(gao)記錄。

如(ru)果(guo)在重啟以(yi)及長時(shi)間冷(leng)卻都無法讓烏(wu)龜燈(deng)熄(xi)滅(mie)，而且確認動力(li)電池電量充沛(pei)，那就還(huan)是趕緊聯系修車吧。

該圖片由注冊用戶"仰望星空"提供，版權聲明反饋

動力電池溫度故障

1、電池溫差過大

可能(neng)原因(yin)：散(san)熱風扇(shan)插頭松動，散(san)熱風扇(shan)故障。

故障排除(chu)：重新拔插風(feng)扇插頭線;給風(feng)扇單(dan)獨供電，檢查風(feng)扇是否正常(chang)。

2、電池溫度過高或過低

可能原(yuan)因：散(san)熱風扇(shan)插頭松動(dong)，散(san)熱風扇(shan)故障，溫度探頭損(sun)壞。

故障排除：重新拔(ba)插風扇插頭線;給風扇單獨(du)供電，檢查風扇是(shi)否正常;檢查電池實際溫度是(shi)否過高或(huo)過低;測量(liang)溫度探頭內阻。

3、電動機產生大量火花，局部過熱、抖動

可能原因：

電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)進水造(zao)成短(duan)路(lu)把電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)燒(shao)壞(huai);

電動機(ji)超負載運行使換向器短路(lu)燒壞，現象是換向器變黑。

電動機異響

可能原因：

電動機和后(hou)橋連接同(tong)心度達不到(dao)標準(zhun);

電刷和(he)換向器接合不好，需(xu)校正調整;

電動機里(li)面轉子上的軸(zhou)承壞，需更換。

動力電池故障

動力電池故障(zhang)（零部件自身故障(zhang)除外(wai)，如顯(xian)示、采(cai)集模塊異(yi)常，實際并未出現該故障(zhang)）

常見電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)均可在(zai)MP5中查(cha)(cha)看(kan)，如?①電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)均衡故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)、單(dan)(dan)(dan)體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)超高(gao)(gao)(gao)或(huo)(huo)超低(di)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)等(deng)，出現該類型故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)時(shi)，可通過(guo)(guo)(guo)儀表(biao)(biao)液晶(jing)(jing)顯示屏(ping)查(cha)(cha)看(kan)動力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)值，是(shi)否(fou)存在(zai)一(yi)級(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：單(dan)(dan)(dan)節或(huo)(huo)多節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)值大(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)3.85V或(huo)(huo)者(zhe)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)2.5V；二級(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：單(dan)(dan)(dan)節或(huo)(huo)多節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)值大(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)3.75V或(huo)(huo)者(zhe)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)2.7V；三(san)級(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：單(dan)(dan)(dan)節或(huo)(huo)多節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)值大(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)3.65V或(huo)(huo)者(zhe)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)2.8V。②電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)體(ti)(ti)溫(wen)度(du)過(guo)(guo)(guo)高(gao)(gao)(gao)或(huo)(huo)過(guo)(guo)(guo)低(di)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)，出現該類型故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)時(shi)，可通過(guo)(guo)(guo)儀表(biao)(biao)液晶(jing)(jing)顯示屏(ping)查(cha)(cha)看(kan)動力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)單(dan)(dan)(dan)體(ti)(ti)溫(wen)度(du)最(zui)(zui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)及最(zui)(zui)低(di)值，是(shi)否(fou)存在(zai)一(yi)級(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：最(zui)(zui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)度(du)大(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)75℃；二級(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：最(zui)(zui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)度(du)大(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)70℃，最(zui)(zui)低(di)溫(wen)度(du)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)0℃；三(san)級(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：最(zui)(zui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)度(du)大(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)60℃，最(zui)(zui)低(di)溫(wen)度(du)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)5℃。③電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)絕緣(yuan)等(deng)級(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)，可采用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)信息液晶(jing)(jing)顯示屏(ping)查(cha)(cha)看(kan)當前絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻值，是(shi)否(fou)存在(zai)一(yi)級(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)500KΩ；二級(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)300KΩ；三(san)級(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)100KΩ。

當出(chu)現①類(lei)型(xing)故(gu)障時，確(que)定(ding)單節(jie)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)在幾號電(dian)池(chi)(chi)箱(xiang)內，拆箱(xiang)更換該(gai)節(jie)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)，此類(lei)故(gu)障目前均由電(dian)池(chi)(chi)廠家售后人員處理；當出(chu)現②類(lei)型(xing)故(gu)障時，需溫度恢復(fu)至(zhi)正常(chang)(chang)范圍(wei)，方可(ke)使(shi)用(yong)；當出(chu)現③類(lei)型(xing)故(gu)障時，需使(shi)用(yong)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)檢測(ce)表，使(shi)用(yong)1000V測(ce)試檔對所有高壓連接線(xian)進行(xing)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)值測(ce)試，正常(chang)(chang)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)均在1GΩ以上，出(chu)現異常(chang)(chang)值則需確(que)認是(shi)否(fou)為(wei)該(gai)線(xian)束絕緣(yuan)(yuan)出(chu)現問(wen)題(ti)，或(huo)該(gai)線(xian)束連接的高壓用(yong)電(dian)器出(chu)現絕緣(yuan)(yuan)故(gu)障。

電氣設備件不工作

電(dian)動汽車(che)主要(yao)電(dian)氣(qi)設(she)備有(you)各種燈(deng)具（前組(zu)合燈(deng)、測(ce)燈(deng)、倒車(che)燈(deng)、后組(zu)合燈(deng)等(deng)）、收音機、頂部風扇(shan)、真(zhen)空泵(beng)、刮水器、組(zu)合儀(yi)表(biao)、電(dian)動助力轉向器、空調(diao)等(deng)。現場調(diao)試過(guo)程中，收音機、真(zhen)空泵(beng)、組(zu)合儀(yi)表(biao)和刮水器經(jing)常出(chu)現不工(gong)(gong)作故障。?電(dian)氣(qi)設(she)備工(gong)(gong)作不正常主要(yao)是指工(gong)(gong)作狀態(tai)與(yu)設(she)計狀態(tai)不一致，如真(zhen)空泵(beng)不停地抽氣(qi)、組(zu)合儀(yi)表(biao)顯示不正常、收音機有(you)很大的干擾等(deng)。

電氣設備不工作的故障分析與處理

電(dian)氣設(she)備(bei)(bei)工(gong)作需要符合(he)一(yi)定的(de)條件(jian)，普(pu)遍(bian)的(de)條件(jian)是(shi)需要有(you)(you)(you)電(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)給(gei)(gei)、搭鐵。電(dian)氣設(she)備(bei)(bei)不工(gong)作多是(shi)因為(wei)沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)電(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)給(gei)(gei)，首(shou)先使用萬用表確(que)定有(you)(you)(you)無電(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)給(gei)(gei)，確(que)認線(xian)束插(cha)接(jie)口(kou)有(you)(you)(you)無松動情況(kuang)出現，再(zai)確(que)認搭鐵是(shi)否正常。如果均無上述情況(kuang)，則有(you)(you)(you)可(ke)能是(shi)此(ci)電(dian)氣設(she)備(bei)(bei)自身問(wen)題(ti)，可(ke)以換一(yi)個同款設(she)備(bei)(bei)接(jie)上嘗試。這類故(gu)障一(yi)般(ban)是(shi)線(xian)束環(huan)節導致電(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)給(gei)(gei)中斷(duan)，可(ke)以根據電(dian)氣原理(li)圖往前(qian)推確(que)定故(gu)障點。

電動汽車整車沒電

1、保險(xian)絲壞(huai)(huai)，用萬用表(biao)測量電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓如有電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓輸(shu)出(chu)則(ze)正常，如無(wu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓輸(shu)出(chu)則(ze)保險(xian)絲壞(huai)(huai)或電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)接插頭掉或電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)壞(huai)(huai)。

2、接線插頭(tou)松動，檢查電源開關接插件。

3、電(dian)源(yuan)開(kai)關壞，用萬用表測量電(dian)源(yuan)開(kai)關輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)、輸(shu)(shu)出線兩端電(dian)壓，如有(you)正常電(dian)壓輸(shu)(shu)出則電(dian)源(yuan)開(kai)關正

常，如無電壓(ya)輸(shu)出。則電源開關壞〔電池(chi)有電壓(ya)輸(shu)出情況下(xia)〕則予以維修(xiu)或(huo)更(geng)換。

充電機不充電

1、充電機保險(xian)絲(si)燒壞，此時(shi)充電機各指示燈均不亮，須更換(huan)保險(xian)絲(si)。

2、電池(chi)(chi)組線掉，則把電池(chi)(chi)連(lian)接線接好。

3、充電機插頭和電池插座接(jie)插不到位，應重新(xin)接(jie)插。

4、充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)壞，此時充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)保險絲正常(chang)，用(yong)萬用(yong)表測充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)壓應為零。這種情況下，先斷開電(dian)(dian)源、停止使用(yong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)，過十幾分種后重新使用(yong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)。

電動機不轉

1、保險絲(si)燒掉，更換。

2、電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)開(kai)關壞(huai)，更換(huan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)開(kai)關。判斷方法(fa)：打開(kai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)開(kai)關，用(yong)萬(wan)用(yong)表(biao)歐姆(mu)檔測量一下電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)開(kai)關的(de)輸入端(duan)與輸出(chu)端(duan)之間的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，如(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻值為零則正常，如(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻值無窮大，則電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)開(kai)關壞(huai)。

3、加速器壞，用(yong)萬用(yong)表(biao)直流電(dian)壓(ya)檔測量(liang)一(yi)下加速器輸(shu)出(chu)端電(dian)壓(ya)，如(ru)有電(dian)壓(ya)輸(shu)出(chu)則正常，如(ru)無電(dian)壓(ya)輸(shu)出(chu)則不正常，入伍電(dian)壓(ya)輸(shu)出(chu)則加速器壞，須更換。

4、控(kong)制器壞(huai)，須更換電控(kong)。用(yong)(yong)萬(wan)用(yong)(yong)表測量電控(kong)輸出端(duan)電壓，有(you)輸出電壓則好，否(fou)則則壞(huai)。

5、電動機燒壞，更換電動機。

6、電動機各連接線線頭松動，把電動機各連接線頭重新檢查(cha)一(yi)遍。