一、純電動汽車容易自燃嗎
純電動汽車不易自(zi)(zi)燃爆炸。雖然近年來(lai)不斷有各種新聞報(bao)道(dao)某品牌(pai)新能(neng)源(yuan)電動汽(qi)車自(zi)(zi)燃,但根據(ju)國家監(jian)管平臺安全監(jian)管數據(ju)顯示,近兩年新能(neng)源(yuan)汽(qi)車起(qi)火事故(gu)的(de)概率僅為0.000026%,而(er)傳統(tong)燃油車的(de)起(qi)火事故(gu)概率為0.0001-0.0002%。
由此可見,新能源(yuan)電動汽車起火(huo)的(de)概率還是比(bi)較小的(de)。目前,我國新能源(yuan)汽車保有量已超過1000萬輛(liang),但無故(gu)發(fa)生自燃事故(gu)的(de)新能源(yuan)汽車屈指可數(shu)。
當然,新能源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)不易自(zi)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)并不代表(biao)車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)不會自(zi)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)。純(chun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)自(zi)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)基本源于動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。起火(huo)事故的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)因中(zhong),動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)自(zi)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)占比為31%。快速充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時,導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性不好的(de)(de)(de)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容易產生(sheng)大量(liang)熱量(liang),溫(wen)度急劇(ju)升高,導(dao)致熱失(shi)控(kong)。汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)在(zai)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程中(zhong)發生(sheng)自(zi)燃(ran)(ran)(ran),也有可能是車(che)(che)(che)主操(cao)作不當引發。車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)控(kong)系(xi)統出現故障,或者電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組發生(sheng)碰撞、變形,導(dao)致電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)內(nei)部元器件損壞及正負(fu)極短路,純(chun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)仍(reng)然存在(zai)自(zi)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)爆炸的(de)(de)(de)風險。所以(yi)大家(jia)在(zai)使(shi)用純(chun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)的(de)(de)(de)時候要注意防范(fan)。
二、電動汽車如何防自燃
1、一定要定期給電池進行保養(yang)。
2、給汽(qi)車(che)充電的時候,一定要確認汽(qi)車(che)周圍的環境是(shi)安全的,沒有易燃易爆的物(wu)品(pin)。
3、汽車充(chong)電的時(shi)候(hou)一定(ding)要用標準的充(chong)電頭(tou),避(bi)免長(chang)時(shi)間充(chong)電。
4、炎熱(re)的(de)夏季最好將電動(dong)汽車停在通(tong)風陰涼的(de)地方,盡(jin)可能避免長時間陽(yang)光曝(pu)曬。
5、一定要避免車輛(liang)電(dian)池組碰(peng)撞(zhuang)的(de)發生。
6、避免長時(shi)間駕駛(shi),長時(shi)間駕駛(shi)會導(dao)致電池負荷(he)增(zeng)大,適時(shi)在服務區休息(xi)讓(rang)電池降溫。
三、純電動汽車發生自燃怎么處理
1、發(fa)現車(che)輛著火,如能切斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan),必須(xu)立即切斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan),并將鑰(yao)匙(chi)放在信(xin)號(hao)屏蔽的地方,最好放置到(dao)距離車(che)輛10米以外的地方。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)一(yi)旦(dan)脫離鑰(yao)匙(chi),會自動(dong)斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鎖車(che),降低了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣系統帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)引發(fa)故障的可能。
2、動力電(dian)池(chi)著(zhu)火后很難撲(pu)(pu)滅,因為大部(bu)(bu)分動力電(dian)池(chi)都是(shi)鋰電(dian)池(chi),可能(neng)需(xu)要24小時(shi)(shi)才能(neng)撲(pu)(pu)滅火情(qing)。如果(guo)冒(mao)煙,證明電(dian)池(chi)內部(bu)(bu)溫度仍然很高,隨時(shi)(shi)可能(neng)有復燃的情(qing)況,此時(shi)(shi)一定要密(mi)切關(guan)注電(dian)池(chi)情(qing)況,并及時(shi)(shi)致(zhi)電(dian)消防(fang)(fang)部(bu)(bu)門,以便消防(fang)(fang)部(bu)(bu)門盡快撲(pu)(pu)滅火災。
3、車(che)輛著(zhu)火(huo)時,盡快(kuai)遠離車(che)輛,注意防(fang)止高溫(wen)和有毒氣體(ti),因為動力電池一旦著(zhu)火(huo),會(hui)發生彎曲、變(bian)形、損壞(huai),并伴有大量有毒氣體(ti),如氰化(hua)氫、氟化(hua)氫等,此時一定要注意自(zi)身安(an)全。
4、行(xing)駛中(zhong)如發生碰(peng)撞(zhuang)、自燃,應(ying)盡(jin)快(kuai)切斷電(dian)源并離(li)開車(che)(che)(che)輛。如果車(che)(che)(che)門變形(xing)打不(bu)開,可用(yong)車(che)(che)(che)內(nei)可用(yong)的東西砸碎車(che)(che)(che)窗玻璃(li),從車(che)(che)(che)窗逃(tao)生。