中國神話

盤古神話,西王母神話

神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)是人(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)早期歷史的(de)活化石，是人(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)各共同體(ti)集體(ti)創(chuang)造(zao)、代代相承的(de)一(yi)(yi)種以超自然(ran)形象(xiang)為主人(ren)(ren)公(gong)、以特(te)定(ding)宗教信仰為內核(he)并為其(qi)服務的(de)神(shen)(shen)(shen)圣敘事(shi)。它既(ji)是一(yi)(yi)種經典性的(de)文學體(ti)裁，也是遠(yuan)古(gu)人(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)的(de)知識體(ti)系(xi)和信仰體(ti)系(xi)。中(zhong)國神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)指古(gu)往今來生活于這(zhe)片土(tu)地之上的(de)各個民族(zu)(zu)創(chuang)造(zao)的(de)全部神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)的(de)集合(he)。按照(zhao)其(qi)表現(xian)的(de)內容可(ke)分為六大(da)類(lei)(lei)：宇宙(zhou)起(qi)(qi)源神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)、人(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)起(qi)(qi)源神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)、洪水再生神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)和其(qi)他災難神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)、族(zu)(zu)群(qun)起(qi)(qi)源神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)、文化發(fa)明神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)、戰(zhan)爭神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)。其(qi)中(zhong)，盤古(gu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)、邵原神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)群(qun)（盤古(gu)開天(tian)(tian)辟地、女(nv)媧摶土(tu)造(zao)人(ren)(ren)、女(nv)媧煉石補(bu)天(tian)(tian)、軒轅祭天(tian)(tian)與(yu)戰(zhan)神(shen)(shen)(shen)蚩(chi)尤、伏羲演八卦(gua)、神(shen)(shen)(shen)農嘗百草(cao)播五(wu)谷、顓頊與(yu)共工(gong)、大(da)禹治(zhi)水）、西王(wang)母神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)等神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)被列入中(zhong)國非物質文化遺產名錄(lu)。

民間傳說

梁祝傳說,白蛇傳傳說,牛郎織女傳說,孟姜女傳說

民間(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)是(shi)(shi)圍繞客觀(guan)實在物，運用(yong)文(wen)學表(biao)現手(shou)法和(he)歷史表(biao)達(da)方(fang)式構建出來的(de)，具(ju)有(you)審美意味的(de)散文(wen)體口頭敘事文(wen)學。傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)人(ren)物往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)是(shi)(shi)歷史上實有(you)的(de)，在敘述(shu)該人(ren)物活動時，敘述(shu)者往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)用(yong)親(qin)眼(yan)所(suo)見、親(qin)耳(er)所(suo)聞來加重(zhong)其內容(rong)的(de)可(ke)信性(xing)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國民間(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)分(fen)為：人(ren)物傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、史事傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、地(di)方(fang)風物傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、風俗傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、動植物傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)五大(da)類(lei)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國民間(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)對人(ren)類(lei)文(wen)化(hua)多樣性(xing)文(wen)明發展有(you)巨大(da)貢獻，是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華文(wen)化(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)一(yi)顆(ke)璀璨明珠。作(zuo)為民眾生(sheng)活文(wen)化(hua)重(zhong)要(yao)組成部分(fen)的(de)民間(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，不僅以它特有(you)的(de)方(fang)式保存民眾的(de)歷史，而且在大(da)力發展旅游事業(ye)的(de)今天，民間(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)仍然能夠發揮(hui)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)。其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)梁祝傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、白蛇傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、牛郎織女(nv)(nv)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、孟姜女(nv)(nv)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國四大(da)民間(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，也是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國非物質文(wen)化(hua)遺(yi)產名(ming)錄中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)具(ju)有(you)代表(biao)性(xing)的(de)民間(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)。

民間故事

走馬鎮民間故事,伍家溝民間故事

中(zhong)(zhong)國民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是廣(guang)大民(min)(min)(min)眾創(chuang)作并傳承(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)反映人類社會生活以及民(min)(min)(min)眾理(li)想(xiang)(xiang)愿望的(de)(de)(de)口頭文學作品。自20世紀90年(nian)代以來，《中(zhong)(zhong)國故(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)集(ji)成(cheng)》各省卷開始陸續出(chu)(chu)版，至目前已全部出(chu)(chu)齊。中(zhong)(zhong)國民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)簡要分(fen)為四(si)大門類：幻想(xiang)(xiang)故(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、生活故(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)笑話、民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)寓言(yan)。其中(zhong)(zhong)幻想(xiang)(xiang)故(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)占了中(zhong)(zhong)國民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)一半，如(ru)田螺姑(gu)娘、神筆(bi)、猴(hou)子撈月、稻(dao)草(cao)人等。在中(zhong)(zhong)國，民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)布范圍極(ji)廣(guang)，每(mei)個地區(qu)都(dou)有諸多著名(ming)的(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。為此在中(zhong)(zhong)國非(fei)物質文化遺產(chan)名(ming)錄中(zhong)(zhong)也將一些(xie)極(ji)具代表性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地區(qu)及著名(ming)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)講述(shu)家(jia)，列入(ru)了保護范圍。如(ru)走(zou)馬鎮民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(走(zou)馬鎮工農村(cun)被列為“中(zhong)(zhong)國民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)村(cun)”)、伍(wu)家(jia)溝民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、譚振(zhen)山民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、滿(man)族(zu)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、錫伯族(zu)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、回族(zu)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、鄂溫(wen)克族(zu)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等。

中國英雄史詩

格薩爾,瑪納斯,江格爾

史(shi)詩(shi)是一種古老而源(yuan)遠(yuan)流長(chang)的韻體敘事文學(xue)樣式，一種專門描寫民(min)族起源(yuan)、民(min)族遷(qian)徙(xi)(xi)、民(min)族戰(zhan)爭(zheng)、民(min)族英(ying)雄的不朽業績等傳(chuan)說的長(chang)篇(pian)民(min)間敘事詩(shi)，是原始社會或奴隸社會民(min)族歷史(shi)的形(xing)象化(hua)記(ji)載，是“詩(shi)性(xing)的歷史(shi)”，可以視為某一民(min)族早期生活的百(bai)科全(quan)書。中(zhong)(zhong)國史(shi)詩(shi)的主(zhu)要(yao)類別有創世史(shi)詩(shi)、遷(qian)徙(xi)(xi)史(shi)詩(shi)、英(ying)雄史(shi)詩(shi)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)國少(shao)數(shu)民(min)族的三大(da)(da)史(shi)詩(shi)——藏(zang)族《格(ge)(ge)薩爾(er)》、蒙古族《江格(ge)(ge)爾(er)》和柯爾(er)克孜(zi)族《瑪(ma)(ma)納(na)斯(si)》，是公認(ren)的中(zhong)(zhong)國偉大(da)(da)英(ying)雄史(shi)詩(shi)，已(yi)經引起國內外廣泛的關(guan)注。《格(ge)(ge)薩（斯(si)）爾(er)》《江格(ge)(ge)爾(er)》《瑪(ma)(ma)納(na)斯(si)》均(jun)被列(lie)入第一批國家級非(fei)物質文化(hua)遺產代表性(xing)項目名錄(lu)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)，《瑪(ma)(ma)納(na)斯(si)》和《格(ge)(ge)薩（斯(si)）爾(er)》被列(lie)入聯合國教科文組織《保護非(fei)物質文化(hua)遺產公約》人類非(fei)物質文化(hua)遺產代表作名錄(lu)。

童謠

北京童謠,閩南童謠,納西族童謠

童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)，也被(bei)稱作(zuo)兒歌，指傳唱于兒童(tong)(tong)(tong)之(zhi)口的(de)(de)(de)(de)沒有(you)樂譜的(de)(de)(de)(de)歌謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)，是(shi)流傳于全(quan)國各地的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種由(you)特殊群體(ti)念唱、傳播(bo)，具(ju)有(you)特殊意義的(de)(de)(de)(de)民謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)種類。童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)在我(wo)國已有(you)千年的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)，歷朝(chao)官修正史(shi)及雜傳、筆記(ji)、小(xiao)說中不乏童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)錄。童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)主(zhu)要有(you)書面、口頭(tou)兩種傳承方式，其(qi)語言淺顯易(yi)懂，內容(rong)(rong)樸實自然，是(shi)民間(jian)文(wen)學藝術的(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)秀(xiu)代表(biao)。童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)中積淀(dian)了(le)(le)優(you)秀(xiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)民族文(wen)化，蘊(yun)涵著(zhu)豐富(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)教育(yu)內容(rong)(rong)。我(wo)國童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)中北京(jing)童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、閩(min)南童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、紹興童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、納西族童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)入選國家級非物質文(wen)化遺(yi)產名錄，長沙童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)等(deng)被(bei)列(lie)入湖南省級非遺(yi)項(xiang)目(mu)名錄。其(qi)中，北京(jing)童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)表(biao)現了(le)(le)各時(shi)期北京(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)城市性格和北京(jing)人的(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)想感情，承載著(zhu)我(wo)國幾千年的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)，代表(biao)作(zuo)有(you)《東(dong)直門掛著(zhu)匾(bian)》《大頭(tou)兒大》《一(yi)園青菜成了(le)(le)精》《過水面》《風婆婆》《金箍嚕棒》等(deng)。

諺語

滬諺,陜北民諺

諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)是千百年(nian)來流傳在(zai)人民大眾口(kou)頭上相對固(gu)定成型(xing)而(er)短小(xiao)精(jing)煉的(de)(de)(de)(de)語(yu)(yu)句，以極其簡單和通俗易懂(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)言辭說明一個深刻的(de)(de)(de)(de)道理，是中國(guo)(guo)民間文(wen)學重(zhong)要組成部分(fen)，也是中華民族寶貴的(de)(de)(de)(de)非物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)遺(yi)(yi)產(chan)(chan)之一。諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)反映(ying)了勞動人民的(de)(de)(de)(de)生活(huo)實踐(jian)經(jing)驗，口(kou)語(yu)(yu)性(xing)強，通俗易懂(dong)，反映(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)內容(rong)涉及社會生活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)個方面(mian)。諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)按類型(xing)可(ke)以分(fen)為(wei)生活(huo)諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)、農業諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)、風土諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)、時政諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)。據Maigoo小(xiao)編(bian)了解(jie)，諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)（滬諺(yan)）入選第三批(pi)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)級非物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)遺(yi)(yi)產(chan)(chan)名錄(lu)，諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)（陜北民諺(yan)）入選第四批(pi)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)級非物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)遺(yi)(yi)產(chan)(chan)名錄(lu)，諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)（哈薩克族諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)）入選第五批(pi)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)級非物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)遺(yi)(yi)產(chan)(chan)名錄(lu)，還(huan)有部分(fen)地級市(shi)諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)入選省市(shi)級非物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)遺(yi)(yi)產(chan)(chan)名錄(lu)。

歌謠

劉三姐歌謠,苗族古歌,土家族哭嫁歌

民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)，是(shi)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)文(wen)學體裁之一，是(shi)篇幅短小(xiao)，以抒情(qing)為主(zhu)的(de)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)詩歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)的(de)總(zong)稱，也是(shi)中國(guo)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)文(wen)學重要組成部分(fen)(fen)(fen)。歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)由“民(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)”和“民(min)(min)(min)謠(yao)”兩部分(fen)(fen)(fen)構(gou)成，按(an)內容(rong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)，有苦歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、情(qing)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、盤歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、風俗歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、節令歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)等，按(an)民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)，有藏(zang)族(zu)(zu)民(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、苗(miao)(miao)族(zu)(zu)民(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、壯(zhuang)族(zu)(zu)民(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、侗族(zu)(zu)民(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)等。歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)是(shi)人民(min)(min)(min)的(de)口頭創作，最貼(tie)近生活，直接表達了人民(min)(min)(min)的(de)思想(xiang)感(gan)情(qing)和意(yi)志(zhi)愿望，在文(wen)學史上有重要意(yi)義。中國(guo)非(fei)遺民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)中，有苗(miao)(miao)族(zu)(zu)古歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、劉三姐歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)、布依族(zu)(zu)盤歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、土家族(zu)(zu)梯瑪(ma)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、壯(zhuang)族(zu)(zu)嘹歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、土家族(zu)(zu)哭嫁歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、仫佬族(zu)(zu)古歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)等具有少數民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)特(te)色的(de)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)，還有吳歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、桐城歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、酉(you)陽古歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、常山喝彩(cai)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)、雷州(zhou)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)等地方(fang)特(te)色歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)，這些民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)都(dou)入選國(guo)家級非(fei)物質(zhi)文(wen)化遺產名錄。

民間謎語

澄海燈謎,青林寺謎語

謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)源自中國古代民間(jian)，是(shi)帶有知(zhi)識性(xing)和趣味性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)民間(jian)韻文(wen)作品(pin)，也(ye)是(shi)一種和游戲娛(yu)樂分不開的(de)(de)(de)民間(jian)口頭(tou)語(yu)言藝術，歷經(jing)數(shu)千年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)演(yan)變和發(fa)展(zhan)，是(shi)中國古代勞動人(ren)民集體智慧(hui)創造的(de)(de)(de)文(wen)化產(chan)物，也(ye)是(shi)中國民間(jian)文(wen)學重要組成(cheng)部分。謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)根據謎(mi)(mi)(mi)底所反映的(de)(de)(de)事物性(xing)質(zhi)和對象(xiang)，一般分為三大類：物謎(mi)(mi)(mi)、事謎(mi)(mi)(mi)、字謎(mi)(mi)(mi)。中國民間(jian)謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)歷經(jing)數(shu)千年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)演(yan)變、發(fa)展(zhan)、完(wan)善才形成(cheng)現今的(de)(de)(de)體系格局，成(cheng)為廣大人(ren)民喜聞樂見的(de)(de)(de)文(wen)學形式，并(bing)流傳至今。謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)（澄海(hai)燈謎(mi)(mi)(mi)）入選第二批國家(jia)(jia)級非(fei)物質(zhi)文(wen)化遺(yi)產(chan)名(ming)錄，青林(lin)寺謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)入選第一批國家(jia)(jia)級非(fei)物質(zhi)文(wen)化遺(yi)產(chan)名(ming)錄。此外，青林(lin)寺村(cun)被中國民協命(ming)名(ming)為“中國謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)村(cun)”，澄海(hai)被文(wen)化部命(ming)名(ming)為“中國民間(jian)燈謎(mi)(mi)(mi)藝術之鄉”。

民間敘事長詩

孔雀東南飛,阿詩瑪

民(min)間敘事(shi)(shi)(shi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是民(min)間文學體(ti)裁(cai)之(zhi)一(yi)，為一(yi)種具(ju)有(you)比(bi)較完(wan)整(zheng)的(de)故(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)情節(jie)的(de)韻(yun)(yun)文或散韻(yun)(yun)結(jie)合的(de)民(min)間詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)歌，也是中國民(min)間文學的(de)重要組成部分。民(min)間敘事(shi)(shi)(shi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是人(ren)民(min)群眾集體(ti)創作、口頭流傳的(de)以第三人(ren)稱進行敘事(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)具(ju)完(wan)整(zheng)故(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)情節(jie)并注重人(ren)物刻畫的(de)長(chang)(chang)(chang)篇韻(yun)(yun)文或韻(yun)(yun)散相間的(de)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)歌作品，也稱“故(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)歌”或“故(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”。在(zai)中國非遺項目(mu)中，也產生了很多國家級非遺民(min)間敘事(shi)(shi)(shi)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，如(ru)云南石林(lin)彝族敘事(shi)(shi)(shi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)《阿詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)瑪》、甘(gan)肅米東(dong)《米拉尕黑》、青(qing)海(hai)互助土族民(min)間敘事(shi)(shi)(shi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)《祁家延西》、云南西雙(shuang)版(ban)納傣族《召樹屯與喃木諾娜(na)》等，還有(you)聞名(ming)遐邇的(de)《孔雀東(dong)南飛(fei)》《木蘭(lan)辭(ci)》，為我國古(gu)代民(min)間敘事(shi)(shi)(shi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中璀璨耀眼(yan)的(de)“雙(shuang)子(zi)星座”。

民間說唱

寶卷

民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)是(shi)以說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)唱(chang)的(de)形(xing)式(shi)來(lai)敷演故事(shi)或(huo)刻畫人物(wu)形(xing)象的(de)口(kou)頭(tou)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)作(zuo)(zuo)品，也叫說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，是(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)部分。民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)同民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)曲(qu)(qu)藝既有(you)(you)密(mi)切的(de)關系，又(you)有(you)(you)明(ming)顯(xian)的(de)區別，不同于民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)曲(qu)(qu)藝，民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)側重(zhong)于文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)方(fang)面(mian)，主要(yao)是(shi)從文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)角(jiao)度探討作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)曲(qu)(qu)藝表演底本(ben)的(de)構(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)與特點(dian)，屬(shu)于民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)范疇(chou)。民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)從內容(rong)和形(xing)式(shi)上，分為(wei)(wei)唱(chang)故事(shi)、說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)故事(shi)、說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)笑話三個類別。我國(guo)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)歷史(shi)悠久，形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)了富有(you)(you)民(min)(min)(min)族特色的(de)藝術傳(chuan)統(tong)。在中(zhong)國(guo)非(fei)遺保護中(zhong)，說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)以曲(qu)(qu)藝或(huo)者(zhe)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)名義進(jin)入到(dao)各(ge)級(ji)非(fei)遺名錄當中(zhong)，其中(zhong)，河西寶(bao)(bao)卷、靖江(jiang)寶(bao)(bao)卷、吳地寶(bao)(bao)卷、岷(min)縣寶(bao)(bao)卷、楊家(jia)將(jiang)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)等入選國(guo)家(jia)級(ji)非(fei)物(wu)質文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化遺產名錄，成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)非(fei)物(wu)質文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化遺產重(zhong)要(yao)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)部分。尤(you)其是(shi)寶(bao)(bao)卷，是(shi)一種綜合文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、音樂、表演于一體的(de)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)，被稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)俗文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)“活化石”。

榜單聲明：中國(guo)十大非(fei)物質(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化遺(yi)產的(de)民(min)(min)間(jian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)學排行(xing)(xing)榜，是Maigoo小編主要依據國(guo)內(nei)國(guo)家級(ji)非(fei)物質(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化遺(yi)產之民(min)(min)間(jian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)學的(de)歷(li)史、藝術、科(ke)學價(jia)值(zhi)、傳承(cheng)情況以(yi)及(ji)在(zai)國(guo)內(nei)地區的(de)影響力等(deng)因素進(jin)行(xing)(xing)選擇，參考(kao)聯合國(guo)教(jiao)科(ke)文(wen)(wen)(wen)組織(zhi)評(ping)選的(de)《人類非(fei)物質(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化遺(yi)產代表作名(ming)錄》和國(guo)務院批(pi)準并(bing)公布的(de)國(guo)家級(ji)非(fei)物質(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化遺(yi)產名(ming)錄，并(bing)綜合參考(kao)互聯網相關排行(xing)(xing)榜/榜單進(jin)行(xing)(xing)推薦，名(ming)單僅供(gong)參考(kao)，排名(ming)不分先后，歡迎(ying)大家在(zai)評(ping)論(lun)區留言(yan)補充。