中國神話

盤古神話,西王母神話

神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)是(shi)人類(lei)(lei)早(zao)期歷(li)史的(de)活(huo)化(hua)石(shi)，是(shi)人類(lei)(lei)各(ge)共(gong)同體(ti)集體(ti)創造(zao)、代代相承的(de)一(yi)種(zhong)以(yi)超(chao)自(zi)然形象為(wei)(wei)主人公(gong)、以(yi)特定(ding)宗教信仰為(wei)(wei)內核(he)并為(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)服務的(de)神(shen)(shen)(shen)圣敘事。它既是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)經典性的(de)文(wen)學(xue)體(ti)裁，也(ye)是(shi)遠(yuan)古(gu)人類(lei)(lei)的(de)知(zhi)識體(ti)系和信仰體(ti)系。中國神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)指(zhi)古(gu)往今來(lai)生(sheng)活(huo)于這片土(tu)地(di)之上的(de)各(ge)個(ge)民族創造(zao)的(de)全部神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)集合。按照其(qi)(qi)表現(xian)的(de)內容可分(fen)為(wei)(wei)六大類(lei)(lei)：宇宙起源(yuan)(yuan)神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、人類(lei)(lei)起源(yuan)(yuan)神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、洪水(shui)再(zai)生(sheng)神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)和其(qi)(qi)他災難神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、族群起源(yuan)(yuan)神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、文(wen)化(hua)發明神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、戰爭神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。其(qi)(qi)中，盤古(gu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、邵原(yuan)神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)群（盤古(gu)開天(tian)(tian)辟地(di)、女(nv)媧(wa)摶(tuan)土(tu)造(zao)人、女(nv)媧(wa)煉石(shi)補天(tian)(tian)、軒轅(yuan)祭天(tian)(tian)與戰神(shen)(shen)(shen)蚩尤、伏羲演八(ba)卦、神(shen)(shen)(shen)農嘗(chang)百草播五谷、顓頊與共(gong)工(gong)、大禹治水(shui)）、西(xi)王母(mu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)等神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)被列(lie)入中國非(fei)物質(zhi)文(wen)化(hua)遺產名錄。

民間傳說

梁祝傳說,白蛇傳傳說,牛郎織女傳說,孟姜女傳說

民間(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)是圍繞客觀(guan)實在(zai)物，運(yun)用(yong)(yong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)學表現(xian)手法和歷史(shi)表達(da)方式構(gou)建出來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，具(ju)有審美(mei)意(yi)味的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)散文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)體口頭(tou)敘事文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)學。傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)物往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)是歷史(shi)上實有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，在(zai)敘述該人(ren)物活動(dong)時(shi)，敘述者往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)用(yong)(yong)親(qin)眼所見、親(qin)耳所聞來(lai)加重其內容的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可信性。中(zhong)(zhong)國民間(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)分(fen)(fen)為(wei)：人(ren)物傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、史(shi)事傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、地(di)方風物傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、風俗傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、動(dong)植物傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)五(wu)大(da)(da)(da)類(lei)。中(zhong)(zhong)國民間(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)對人(ren)類(lei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化多樣(yang)性文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)發展有巨大(da)(da)(da)貢獻，是中(zhong)(zhong)華文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一顆璀璨(can)明(ming)珠(zhu)。作為(wei)民眾(zhong)生(sheng)活文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化重要(yao)組成部分(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民間(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，不(bu)僅以(yi)它(ta)特有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方式保存民眾(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)，而且在(zai)大(da)(da)(da)力發展旅(lv)游(you)事業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)今天，民間(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)仍(reng)然能夠(gou)發揮重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)。其中(zhong)(zhong)梁祝傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、白蛇(she)傳(chuan)(chuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、牛郎織(zhi)女(nv)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、孟姜(jiang)女(nv)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)是中(zhong)(zhong)國四大(da)(da)(da)民間(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，也是中(zhong)(zhong)國非(fei)物質文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化遺產名錄中(zhong)(zhong)具(ju)有代表性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民間(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)。

民間故事

走馬鎮民間故事,伍家溝民間故事

中(zhong)國民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)是廣大民(min)(min)眾創(chuang)作并傳(chuan)承(cheng)的(de)反映人類(lei)社會生(sheng)活以(yi)及(ji)民(min)(min)眾理想愿望的(de)口頭文(wen)學(xue)作品(pin)。自20世紀90年代(dai)以(yi)來，《中(zhong)國故(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)集成》各省卷開始陸續出版，至目(mu)前(qian)已全部出齊。中(zhong)國民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)簡要分為(wei)四大門類(lei)：幻(huan)想故(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)、生(sheng)活故(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)、民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)笑話、民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)寓言。其中(zhong)幻(huan)想故(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)占了中(zhong)國民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)一半(ban)，如田螺姑娘、神筆、猴子撈月(yue)、稻草人等(deng)。在(zai)中(zhong)國，民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)分布范(fan)圍極廣，每個地(di)區都(dou)有(you)諸多著名(ming)(ming)的(de)民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)。為(wei)此在(zai)中(zhong)國非物質文(wen)化(hua)遺產名(ming)(ming)錄中(zhong)也將(jiang)一些極具代(dai)表性的(de)民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)區及(ji)著名(ming)(ming)民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)講述家，列入了保護(hu)范(fan)圍。如走馬鎮民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(走馬鎮工農(nong)村被列為(wei)“中(zhong)國民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)村”)、伍家溝(gou)民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)、譚(tan)振山民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)、滿族(zu)民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)、錫伯族(zu)民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)、回(hui)族(zu)民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)、鄂溫克族(zu)民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)等(deng)。

中國英雄史詩

格薩爾,瑪納斯,江格爾

史(shi)(shi)詩(shi)(shi)是一種古(gu)(gu)老(lao)而(er)源(yuan)遠流(liu)長的(de)(de)韻(yun)體敘事文(wen)學(xue)樣式，一種專門描寫民(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)起源(yuan)、民(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)遷(qian)徙(xi)、民(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)戰爭、民(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)英雄的(de)(de)不朽(xiu)業績(ji)等(deng)傳(chuan)說的(de)(de)長篇民(min)間敘事詩(shi)(shi)，是原始社會或奴隸社會民(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)歷史(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)形象化(hua)記載，是“詩(shi)(shi)性(xing)的(de)(de)歷史(shi)(shi)”，可以視為某一民(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)早期(qi)生活(huo)的(de)(de)百(bai)科(ke)全書(shu)。中國(guo)史(shi)(shi)詩(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)主要(yao)類別有創(chuang)世(shi)史(shi)(shi)詩(shi)(shi)、遷(qian)徙(xi)史(shi)(shi)詩(shi)(shi)、英雄史(shi)(shi)詩(shi)(shi)，其(qi)中中國(guo)少數(shu)民(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)三大(da)史(shi)(shi)詩(shi)(shi)——藏族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)《格(ge)薩爾(er)》、蒙(meng)古(gu)(gu)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)《江格(ge)爾(er)》和(he)柯爾(er)克孜族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)《瑪納斯》，是公(gong)認的(de)(de)中國(guo)偉(wei)大(da)英雄史(shi)(shi)詩(shi)(shi)，已經引(yin)起國(guo)內外廣泛的(de)(de)關(guan)注。《格(ge)薩（斯）爾(er)》《江格(ge)爾(er)》《瑪納斯》均(jun)被列入第一批(pi)國(guo)家級非(fei)物質文(wen)化(hua)遺產(chan)代表性(xing)項目名(ming)錄，其(qi)中，《瑪納斯》和(he)《格(ge)薩（斯）爾(er)》被列入聯合國(guo)教科(ke)文(wen)組織《保護(hu)非(fei)物質文(wen)化(hua)遺產(chan)公(gong)約》人類非(fei)物質文(wen)化(hua)遺產(chan)代表作名(ming)錄。

童謠

北京童謠,閩南童謠,納西族童謠

童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)，也被(bei)稱作(zuo)兒歌(ge)，指(zhi)傳(chuan)唱于兒童(tong)(tong)(tong)之口的(de)(de)沒有(you)(you)樂(le)譜的(de)(de)歌(ge)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)，是(shi)流傳(chuan)于全國(guo)(guo)各(ge)地(di)的(de)(de)一種由(you)特(te)殊群體(ti)念唱、傳(chuan)播，具有(you)(you)特(te)殊意(yi)義的(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)種類。童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)在我(wo)國(guo)(guo)已有(you)(you)千年的(de)(de)歷史，歷朝(chao)官修正史及雜傳(chuan)、筆記、小(xiao)說中(zhong)不乏童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)記錄(lu)。童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)主(zhu)要(yao)有(you)(you)書面、口頭兩種傳(chuan)承方式，其語言(yan)淺顯易懂，內容(rong)樸(pu)實(shi)自然，是(shi)民(min)(min)(min)間文學藝術的(de)(de)優(you)(you)秀代(dai)表。童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)中(zhong)積淀(dian)了(le)優(you)(you)秀的(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)族文化，蘊涵著豐富的(de)(de)教(jiao)育內容(rong)。我(wo)國(guo)(guo)童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)中(zhong)北京(jing)(jing)童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)、閩南(nan)童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)、紹興童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)、納西(xi)族童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)入選國(guo)(guo)家級非物質文化遺產名(ming)錄(lu)，長(chang)沙童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)等(deng)被(bei)列入湖南(nan)省級非遺項目(mu)名(ming)錄(lu)。其中(zhong)，北京(jing)(jing)童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)表現了(le)各(ge)時期北京(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)城市(shi)性格(ge)和北京(jing)(jing)人的(de)(de)思(si)想感(gan)情，承載著我(wo)國(guo)(guo)幾千年的(de)(de)歷史，代(dai)表作(zuo)有(you)(you)《東直門掛著匾(bian)》《大(da)頭兒大(da)》《一園(yuan)青菜成(cheng)了(le)精(jing)》《過水(shui)面》《風婆(po)婆(po)》《金(jin)箍嚕(lu)棒》等(deng)。

諺語

滬諺,陜北民諺

諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是千百(bai)年來(lai)流傳在(zai)人民(min)大眾口頭上相對(dui)固定成型而短小精煉的(de)(de)(de)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)句，以(yi)極其簡單(dan)和(he)通俗易(yi)懂的(de)(de)(de)言辭(ci)說(shuo)明一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)深刻的(de)(de)(de)道理(li)，是中(zhong)國民(min)間文(wen)(wen)(wen)學重要組成部(bu)分(fen)，也是中(zhong)華民(min)族寶貴(gui)的(de)(de)(de)非(fei)物質文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)遺產之一(yi)(yi)。諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)反映了勞動(dong)人民(min)的(de)(de)(de)生活(huo)實踐(jian)經驗，口語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)性(xing)強，通俗易(yi)懂，反映的(de)(de)(de)內容涉(she)及社會生活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)各個(ge)(ge)方面。諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)按(an)類型可以(yi)分(fen)為(wei)生活(huo)諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、農(nong)業諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、風土諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、時政諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。據(ju)Maigoo小編了解，諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)（滬諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)）入(ru)選第三批(pi)國家級(ji)(ji)非(fei)物質文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)遺產名(ming)錄，諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)（陜北民(min)諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)）入(ru)選第四批(pi)國家級(ji)(ji)非(fei)物質文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)遺產名(ming)錄，諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)（哈薩克族諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)）入(ru)選第五批(pi)國家級(ji)(ji)非(fei)物質文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)遺產名(ming)錄，還有部(bu)分(fen)地級(ji)(ji)市(shi)諺(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)入(ru)選省市(shi)級(ji)(ji)非(fei)物質文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)遺產名(ming)錄。

歌謠

劉三姐歌謠,苗族古歌,土家族哭嫁歌

民(min)(min)(min)(min)間歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)，是(shi)(shi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間文(wen)學(xue)(xue)體裁(cai)之一(yi)，是(shi)(shi)篇幅(fu)短小，以抒情(qing)為(wei)主的(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間詩歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)總稱，也是(shi)(shi)中國民(min)(min)(min)(min)間文(wen)學(xue)(xue)重(zhong)要(yao)組(zu)成(cheng)部分。歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)由“民(min)(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)”和(he)“民(min)(min)(min)(min)謠(yao)(yao)”兩部分構(gou)成(cheng)，按內(nei)容分，有(you)(you)(you)苦歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、情(qing)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、盤(pan)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、風俗歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、節令歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)等(deng)，按民(min)(min)(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)分，有(you)(you)(you)藏族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、苗族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、壯(zhuang)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、侗族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)等(deng)。歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)人民(min)(min)(min)(min)的(de)(de)口(kou)頭創(chuang)作，最(zui)貼(tie)近生(sheng)活(huo)，直(zhi)接表(biao)達(da)了人民(min)(min)(min)(min)的(de)(de)思(si)想(xiang)感(gan)情(qing)和(he)意志愿望，在(zai)文(wen)學(xue)(xue)史上有(you)(you)(you)重(zhong)要(yao)意義。中國非(fei)遺民(min)(min)(min)(min)間歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)中，有(you)(you)(you)苗族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)古(gu)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、劉(liu)三姐歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)、布(bu)依族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)盤(pan)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、土家族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)梯瑪歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、壯(zhuang)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)嘹歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、土家族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)哭(ku)嫁歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、仫佬族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)古(gu)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)等(deng)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)少(shao)數(shu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)特(te)色的(de)(de)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)，還有(you)(you)(you)吳歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、桐(tong)城歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、酉陽古(gu)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、常山喝彩歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)、雷(lei)州(zhou)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)等(deng)地方特(te)色歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)，這些民(min)(min)(min)(min)間歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)都入(ru)選國家級非(fei)物質文(wen)化(hua)遺產名錄。

民間謎語

澄海燈謎,青林寺謎語

謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)(yu)(yu)源自中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)古代(dai)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)，是帶有知識性(xing)和(he)趣味性(xing)的民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)韻文作(zuo)品，也(ye)(ye)是一種和(he)游(you)戲娛樂(le)分(fen)不開的民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)口頭語(yu)(yu)(yu)言藝術，歷經數千(qian)年的演變和(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，是中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)古代(dai)勞動(dong)人民(min)(min)(min)(min)集(ji)體智慧(hui)創造的文化產物，也(ye)(ye)是中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)文學重要(yao)組成(cheng)部(bu)分(fen)。謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)(yu)(yu)根據謎(mi)(mi)(mi)底(di)所(suo)反映的事物性(xing)質和(he)對象，一般分(fen)為(wei)三(san)大類：物謎(mi)(mi)(mi)、事謎(mi)(mi)(mi)、字(zi)謎(mi)(mi)(mi)。中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)(yu)(yu)歷經數千(qian)年的演變、發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)、完善(shan)才形(xing)成(cheng)現今的體系(xi)格局(ju)，成(cheng)為(wei)廣大人民(min)(min)(min)(min)喜(xi)聞樂(le)見的文學形(xing)式，并流傳至今。謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)(yu)(yu)（澄(cheng)海(hai)燈謎(mi)(mi)(mi)）入選第(di)(di)二(er)批國(guo)家(jia)級(ji)非(fei)物質文化遺(yi)產名錄(lu)，青林(lin)寺謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)(yu)(yu)入選第(di)(di)一批國(guo)家(jia)級(ji)非(fei)物質文化遺(yi)產名錄(lu)。此外，青林(lin)寺村被中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)協(xie)命(ming)名為(wei)“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)(yu)(yu)村”，澄(cheng)海(hai)被文化部(bu)命(ming)名為(wei)“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)燈謎(mi)(mi)(mi)藝術之(zhi)鄉”。

民間敘事長詩

孔雀東南飛,阿詩瑪

民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)敘(xu)事(shi)(shi)長(chang)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)文學(xue)體(ti)裁之一(yi)(yi)，為一(yi)(yi)種具有比較完(wan)整(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)故(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)情節的(de)(de)(de)韻(yun)(yun)文或(huo)(huo)散韻(yun)(yun)結合的(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)歌，也(ye)是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)國民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)文學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)重要組成部分。民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)敘(xu)事(shi)(shi)長(chang)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)群(qun)眾集體(ti)創作、口頭流傳的(de)(de)(de)以(yi)第(di)三人(ren)(ren)稱進行敘(xu)事(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)具完(wan)整(zheng)故(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)情節并注重人(ren)(ren)物刻畫(hua)的(de)(de)(de)長(chang)篇韻(yun)(yun)文或(huo)(huo)韻(yun)(yun)散相間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)歌作品，也(ye)稱“故(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)歌”或(huo)(huo)“故(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”。在中(zhong)國非遺(yi)(yi)項目中(zhong)，也(ye)產生了很多國家級非遺(yi)(yi)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)敘(xu)事(shi)(shi)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，如云南石林彝族敘(xu)事(shi)(shi)長(chang)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)《阿詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)瑪》、甘肅(su)米東(dong)(dong)《米拉尕黑》、青海互助土族民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)敘(xu)事(shi)(shi)長(chang)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)《祁家延西(xi)》、云南西(xi)雙(shuang)版納(na)傣族《召樹屯與喃木(mu)諾(nuo)娜》等，還有聞名遐邇的(de)(de)(de)《孔(kong)雀東(dong)(dong)南飛(fei)》《木(mu)蘭辭(ci)》，為我國古代(dai)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)敘(xu)事(shi)(shi)長(chang)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)璀璨耀眼的(de)(de)(de)“雙(shuang)子星座”。

民間說唱

寶卷

民(min)(min)間說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)(chang)是以(yi)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)(chang)唱(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)形式來(lai)敷演(yan)故事或刻畫(hua)人物形象的(de)(de)口頭文(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)作(zuo)(zuo)品，也叫說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)(chang)文(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)，是中國民(min)(min)間文(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)部分。民(min)(min)間說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)(chang)同民(min)(min)間曲(qu)藝(yi)既有(you)密切的(de)(de)關系(xi)，又有(you)明顯的(de)(de)區別(bie)，不同于民(min)(min)間曲(qu)藝(yi)，民(min)(min)間說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)(chang)側重(zhong)于文(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)方面，主要(yao)是從文(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)角(jiao)度探討作(zuo)(zuo)為曲(qu)藝(yi)表(biao)演(yan)底本的(de)(de)構成(cheng)(cheng)與特點，屬于民(min)(min)間文(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)范疇。民(min)(min)間說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)(chang)從內容(rong)和形式上，分為唱(chang)(chang)故事、說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)故事、說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)笑話三(san)個類別(bie)。我國民(min)(min)間說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)(chang)歷史悠久，形成(cheng)(cheng)了富(fu)有(you)民(min)(min)族特色的(de)(de)藝(yi)術傳統。在中國非遺(yi)(yi)保護中，說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)(chang)文(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)以(yi)曲(qu)藝(yi)或者民(min)(min)間文(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)名義進入到(dao)各級(ji)(ji)非遺(yi)(yi)名錄當中，其中，河西寶(bao)卷(juan)(juan)、靖江寶(bao)卷(juan)(juan)、吳地寶(bao)卷(juan)(juan)、岷縣(xian)寶(bao)卷(juan)(juan)、楊家將說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)(chang)等入選國家級(ji)(ji)非物質文(wen)(wen)化遺(yi)(yi)產(chan)名錄，成(cheng)(cheng)為中國非物質文(wen)(wen)化遺(yi)(yi)產(chan)重(zhong)要(yao)組成(cheng)(cheng)部分。尤其是寶(bao)卷(juan)(juan)，是一(yi)種(zhong)綜合文(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)、音樂、表(biao)演(yan)于一(yi)體的(de)(de)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)(chang)文(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)，被(bei)稱(cheng)為中國俗文(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)“活化石”。

榜單聲明：中國(guo)十大非(fei)(fei)物(wu)質文化遺(yi)產的(de)(de)民間(jian)文學(xue)(xue)排行(xing)榜，是Maigoo小編(bian)主要依(yi)據國(guo)內國(guo)家(jia)(jia)級非(fei)(fei)物(wu)質文化遺(yi)產之(zhi)民間(jian)文學(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)歷史、藝術、科(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)價值(zhi)、傳承情況(kuang)以及(ji)在國(guo)內地區的(de)(de)影響力等因素進行(xing)選擇(ze)，參(can)考聯(lian)合國(guo)教科(ke)(ke)文組(zu)織評選的(de)(de)《人類(lei)非(fei)(fei)物(wu)質文化遺(yi)產代表作名錄》和國(guo)務院批(pi)準并(bing)公布(bu)的(de)(de)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)級非(fei)(fei)物(wu)質文化遺(yi)產名錄，并(bing)綜合參(can)考互聯(lian)網相關排行(xing)榜/榜單(dan)進行(xing)推薦，名單(dan)僅供(gong)參(can)考，排名不分先后，歡迎大家(jia)(jia)在評論區留言補充。