廟溝(gou)后(hou)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)(fang)和(he)(he)橫省(sheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)(fang)是(shi)(shi)目前(qian)所知我(wo)(wo)國早的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)(fang),據研(yan)究考證,兩座(zuo)牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)(fang)約建(jian)(jian)于(yu)南宋至元代,它們的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)現,為(wei)研(yan)究我(wo)(wo)國明(ming)代以前(qian)此類石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)(fang)提(ti)供了珍(zhen)貴實(shi)例(li)(li),具有很(hen)高的(de)(de)(de)歷史價值(zhi)。兩座(zuo)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)(fang)是(shi)(shi)我(wo)(wo)國木坊(fang)(fang)向(xiang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)坊(fang)(fang)轉型(xing)時(shi)(shi)期的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要實(shi)例(li)(li)。我(wo)(wo)國的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)坊(fang)(fang)脫胎于(yu)木坊(fang)(fang),這是(shi)(shi)學術界較(jiao)為(wei)一(yi)(yi)致(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)觀點,廟溝(gou)后(hou)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)(fang)和(he)(he)橫省(sheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)(fang)無論(lun)從(cong)構造(zao)還是(shi)(shi)細部(bu)做法(fa)(fa)均(jun)為(wei)木結(jie)構的(de)(de)(de)模仿,與明(ming)清時(shi)(shi)期建(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)坊(fang)(fang)有很(hen)大的(de)(de)(de)區別(bie),顯(xian)然(ran)正處于(yu)木坊(fang)(fang)向(xiang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)坊(fang)(fang)轉型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)中。兩座(zuo)牌(pai)(pai)坊(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)許多做法(fa)(fa)與宋《營造(zao)法(fa)(fa)式》基本吻合,是(shi)(shi)研(yan)究這一(yi)(yi)時(shi)(shi)期江南地區古建(jian)(jian)筑的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要實(shi)例(li)(li)。
廟(miao)(miao)溝后石(shi)坊(fang)(fang)在鄞(yin)縣東錢湖鎮韓嶺村廟(miao)(miao)溝后山(shan)。西(xi)向,二(er)柱,一(yi)間一(yi)樓(lou)仿木(mu)構(gou)。面(mian)闊3.29米(mi),柱高(gao)3.28米(mi)。單檐歇山(shan)頂,翼角(jiao)起(qi)翹較大(da),獸面(mian)勾頭,重(zhong)唇板瓦滴(di)水(shui)。橫省(sheng)石(shi)坊(fang)(fang)位于鄞(yin)縣五鄉鎮橫省(sheng)村省(sheng)岙仙人山(shan),亦為(wei)西(xi)向,二(er)柱一(yi)間樓(lou)仿木(mu)構(gou),面(mian)闊2.5米(mi)。其基本結構(gou)與廟(miao)(miao)溝后石(shi)坊(fang)(fang)類同。不同處在于闌額下移,插入柱身,無普拍枋,華栱(gong)用插栱(gong),闌額上(shang)刻出“七朱八(ba)白”式樣的長方形凹槽等(deng)。 兩石(shi)坊(fang)(fang)年代較早,按形制(zhi)考證,約建(jian)于南(nan)宋至元代期(qi)間,是已知年代早的石(shi)坊(fang)(fang)。仿木(mu)構(gou)形較為(wei)忠實,如單栱(gong)素方,轉角(jiao)列栱(gong)及使(shi)用上(shang)昂形斜撐、翼角(jiao)起(qi)翹顯著等(deng)皆為(wei)南(nan)方建(jian)筑做法,在建(jian)筑史(shi)上(shang)有重(zhong)要價值。