廟溝后石(shi)(shi)(shi)牌(pai)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)和橫省石(shi)(shi)(shi)牌(pai)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)是(shi)(shi)目前(qian)所(suo)知我(wo)(wo)國早的石(shi)(shi)(shi)牌(pai)坊(fang)(fang)(fang),據研(yan)究(jiu)考(kao)證(zheng),兩座(zuo)(zuo)牌(pai)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)約建(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)南(nan)宋至元(yuan)代(dai),它們的發現,為(wei)(wei)研(yan)究(jiu)我(wo)(wo)國明(ming)代(dai)以(yi)前(qian)此類(lei)石(shi)(shi)(shi)牌(pai)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)提供了珍貴實(shi)例(li),具(ju)有(you)很高(gao)的歷史價值。兩座(zuo)(zuo)石(shi)(shi)(shi)牌(pai)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)是(shi)(shi)我(wo)(wo)國木(mu)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)向石(shi)(shi)(shi)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)轉型時期(qi)(qi)的重(zhong)要實(shi)例(li)。我(wo)(wo)國的石(shi)(shi)(shi)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)脫胎于(yu)木(mu)坊(fang)(fang)(fang),這是(shi)(shi)學術(shu)界較為(wei)(wei)一致的觀點,廟溝后石(shi)(shi)(shi)牌(pai)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)和橫省石(shi)(shi)(shi)牌(pai)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)無論從構造(zao)還是(shi)(shi)細部做法(fa)均(jun)為(wei)(wei)木(mu)結(jie)構的模仿,與明(ming)清時期(qi)(qi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)的石(shi)(shi)(shi)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)有(you)很大的區別,顯然正處于(yu)木(mu)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)向石(shi)(shi)(shi)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)轉型的過程中。兩座(zuo)(zuo)牌(pai)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)的許多(duo)做法(fa)與宋《營造(zao)法(fa)式》基本吻合,是(shi)(shi)研(yan)究(jiu)這一時期(qi)(qi)江南(nan)地區古建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑的重(zhong)要實(shi)例(li)。
廟溝后(hou)石坊(fang)在(zai)(zai)鄞縣東錢湖(hu)鎮韓嶺村(cun)(cun)廟溝后(hou)山(shan)。西向(xiang),二柱,一間(jian)(jian)一樓仿木(mu)構。面闊3.29米(mi),柱高3.28米(mi)。單檐歇(xie)山(shan)頂,翼角(jiao)起翹較大,獸(shou)面勾(gou)頭,重(zhong)(zhong)唇板(ban)瓦滴水。橫省(sheng)石坊(fang)位于鄞縣五鄉鎮橫省(sheng)村(cun)(cun)省(sheng)岙仙人(ren)山(shan),亦為(wei)西向(xiang),二柱一間(jian)(jian)樓仿木(mu)構,面闊2.5米(mi)。其基(ji)本結構與廟溝后(hou)石坊(fang)類同。不(bu)同處在(zai)(zai)于闌(lan)額(e)下移,插入柱身,無普拍(pai)枋,華栱(gong)用(yong)插栱(gong),闌(lan)額(e)上刻(ke)出“七朱八白(bai)”式樣的(de)長方形(xing)凹槽等。 兩石坊(fang)年代(dai)較早,按形(xing)制考證,約建于南宋至元代(dai)期(qi)間(jian)(jian),是已知年代(dai)早的(de)石坊(fang)。仿木(mu)構形(xing)較為(wei)忠實,如單栱(gong)素方,轉角(jiao)列栱(gong)及使用(yong)上昂形(xing)斜撐、翼角(jiao)起翹顯著(zhu)等皆為(wei)南方建筑做法(fa),在(zai)(zai)建筑史上有重(zhong)(zhong)要價值。