河南板(ban)(ban)(ban)頭(tou)(tou)曲(qu)的(de)(de)曲(qu)式(shi)結構嚴謹。它以廣(guang)為流傳(chuan)的(de)(de)《老八板(ban)(ban)(ban)》(河南板(ban)(ban)(ban)頭(tou)(tou)曲(qu)中稱《單(dan)八板(ban)(ban)(ban)》)的(de)(de)旋律為基本素材加(jia)(jia)以變奏,成為能表現(xian)多種情感的(de)(de)樂曲(qu),如《小鵲》、《葡萄架》等,速度(du)有快板(ban)(ban)(ban)、中板(ban)(ban)(ban)和慢板(ban)(ban)(ban)之分,大多為68板(ban)(ban)(ban);另一種結構形式(shi)是(shi)以演唱的(de)(de)牌子(zi)曲(qu)為基調(diao),模仿《八板(ban)(ban)(ban)》的(de)(de)曲(qu)式(shi)結構改編而成,有時也(ye)加(jia)(jia)入鼓子(zi)頭(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)演奏,如《閨中怨(yuan)》、《哭周瑜(yu)》等。
河南板頭曲(qu)的標題(ti)命名方(fang)法有 3種(zhong):①以(yi)板式命名,如《雙八板》、《花(hua)流水(shui)》;②以(yi)歷史故事(shi)命名,如《哭子路(lu)》、《鶯(ying)鶯(ying)喚紅(hong)》;③以(yi)樂曲(qu)所描寫的形象命名,如《百鳥朝鳳》、《獅子滾繡球(qiu)》等。
河南板(ban)頭曲(qu)的曲(qu)目約有100余首。其代表曲(qu)目有《單八板(ban)》、《高山(shan)流水(shui)》、《打(da)雁》、《思鄉》、《思春》、《大救(jiu)駕》、《鑾鈐》、《嘆顏(yan)回》、《征西》、《落院》、《八景》、《和番(fan)》、《蕭(xiao)妃(fei)舞(wu)》、《寒鵲爭梅(mei)》等等。
“板(ban)(ban)(ban)頭曲(qu)(qu)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特點及其曲(qu)(qu)體結構(gou)(gou)關系(xi)有不少都是(shi)(shi)中國民(min)間(jian)廣為(wei)(wei)流傳(chuan)(chuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)器樂(le)(le)曲(qu)(qu)牌《八板(ban)(ban)(ban)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)體,這點和我國多數民(min)間(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)樂(le)(le)曲(qu)(qu)一樣。就(jiu)其曲(qu)(qu)體結構(gou)(gou)而(er)言(yan),基本上是(shi)(shi)屬于(yu)"八板(ban)(ban)(ban)體"樂(le)(le)曲(qu)(qu)種類。當然,"板(ban)(ban)(ban)頭曲(qu)(qu)"中也有不少是(shi)(shi)根(gen)據當地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)民(min)間(jian)音樂(le)(le)、民(min)俗小調(diao)改變(bian)而(er)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),也有由(you)大(da)調(diao)曲(qu)(qu)子(zi)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)音樂(le)(le)素材發展衍(yan)生而(er)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),但(dan)它們(men)仍大(da)多遵循著八板(ban)(ban)(ban)體樂(le)(le)曲(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)架構(gou)(gou)。從樂(le)(le)曲(qu)(qu)手法(fa)上講(jiang),八板(ban)(ban)(ban)體樂(le)(le)曲(qu)(qu)是(shi)(shi)屬于(yu)用(yong)同(tong)一個(ge)基本音樂(le)(le)主(zhu)題(ti)變(bian)化而(er)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單曲(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)"板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)變(bian)奏體",也就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)說它們(men)是(shi)(shi)以傳(chuan)(chuan)曲(qu)(qu)牌《八板(ban)(ban)(ban)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)音調(diao)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)題(ti)(典型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)),或選用(yong)其他音調(diao)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)題(ti),但(dan)均(jun)是(shi)(shi)參照傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)形(xing)象地(di)稱其為(wei)(wei)"母曲(qu)(qu)",通過運用(yong)以"板(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)變(bian)奏"為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)多種手法(fa),發展衍(yan)生出眾(zhong)多藝術特色各異(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、表現不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內容情趣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)音樂(le)(le)變(bian)體。這其中,地(di)方(fang)特色和編創(chuang)者(zhe)(往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)也是(shi)(shi)演奏者(zhe))個(ge)人的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藝術素養(yang)及風(feng)格所(suo)起的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)是(shi)(shi)不容忽視(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),因為(wei)(wei)正是(shi)(shi)基于(yu)此,才形(xing)成(cheng)了不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方(fang)樂(le)(le)種和不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)音樂(le)(le)流派(pai)。
《八(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)》的(de)(de)原型是(shi)(shi)(shi)由八(ba)(ba)(ba)句(ju)(ju)(ju)旋(xuan)律(lv)組(zu)成的(de)(de),每兩句(ju)(ju)(ju)為(wei)(wei)一單(dan)(dan)元,四(si)個單(dan)(dan)元之間相互構(gou)成典型的(de)(de)"起(qi)(qi)承(cheng)轉(zhuan)合"關系(xi),傳統上(shang)以每一句(ju)(ju)(ju)為(wei)(wei)一"板(ban)(ban)",故(gu)此曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)被取名為(wei)(wei)《八(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)》。該曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)牌是(shi)(shi)(shi)宮調(diao)式樂(le)(le)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),全(quan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)共六(liu)(liu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)拍(pai),因(yin)每一拍(pai)擊一下(xia)手扳(ban),故(gu)俗稱其為(wei)(wei)六(liu)(liu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)樂(le)(le)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。它的(de)(de)"起(qi)(qi)"和(he)"承(cheng)"在音(yin)(yin)(yin)調(diao)落(luo)音(yin)(yin)(yin)及結(jie)(jie)構(gou)關系(xi)上(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)前后呼應的(de)(de),"轉(zhuan)"的(de)(de)特(te)征(zheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)在樂(le)(le)句(ju)(ju)(ju)上(shang)有了擴展,并且落(luo)音(yin)(yin)(yin)也(ye)(ye)不同于(yu)"起(qi)(qi)"和(he)"承(cheng)"在音(yin)(yin)(yin)調(diao)落(luo)音(yin)(yin)(yin)及結(jie)(jie)構(gou)關系(xi)上(shang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)前后呼應的(de)(de),"轉(zhuan)"的(de)(de)特(te)征(zheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)在樂(le)(le)句(ju)(ju)(ju)上(shang)游(you)樂(le)(le)擴展,并且落(luo)音(yin)(yin)(yin)也(ye)(ye)不同于(yu)"起(qi)(qi)"和(he)"承(cheng)";"合" 、"轉(zhuan)"中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)一句(ju)(ju)(ju),而且結(jie)(jie)構(gou)也(ye)(ye)方整(zheng)而穩定,收(shou)束功能很明(ming)顯(xian)。例(li)如《弦索備考》中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)《八(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)》與河(he)南流行(xing)的(de)(de)箏曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)《單(dan)(dan)八(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)》,兩曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)調(diao)為(wei)(wei)八(ba)(ba)(ba)大(da)句(ju)(ju)(ju)三十(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)小節(jie),每拍(pai)擊一板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)"六(liu)(liu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)"樂(le)(le)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),均(jun)為(wei)(wei)宮調(diao)式,它們所展示的(de)(de)"八(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)體(ti)"特(te)征(zheng)非常明(ming)顯(xian)。其中(zhong)(zhong)"弦索備考"中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)《八(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)》即為(wei)(wei)"八(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)體(ti)"樂(le)(le)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)原型"母曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)",所有"八(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)體(ti)"樂(le)(le)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)--也(ye)(ye)包括"板(ban)(ban)頭曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)",大(da)多均(jun)由它衍變(bian)生發(fa)而來。
《八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)"起(qi)"和(he)"承"每(mei)句(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)由(you)相(xiang)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)四小(xiao)節八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)構(gou)(gou)(gou)成(cheng)(cheng),四個樂句(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)依次(ci)落在(zai)(zai)商(shang)音(yin)(yin)"2"、徵音(yin)(yin)"5"、商(shang)音(yin)(yin)"2"和(he)徵音(yin)(yin)"5"上(shang),而(er)且(qie)"起(qi)"的(de)(de)(de)(de)兩句(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)旋律基本相(xiang)同(tong),僅在(zai)(zai)句(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)末有(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)區別,這種旋律手(shou)(shou)法(fa)在(zai)(zai)傳統上(shang)稱為"換尾",而(er)這樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)"起(qi)"又(you)稱為"八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頭"。"轉"的(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)一句(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)擴(kuo)展了(le)(le)(le)四"板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)",兩句(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)均落在(zai)(zai)宮音(yin)(yin)"1"上(shang),"合"則再次(ci)強(qiang)調(diao)(diao)(diao)了(le)(le)(le)"轉"的(de)(de)(de)(de)落音(yin)(yin),兩句(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)也均落于(yu)(yu)宮音(yin)(yin)"1",并且(qie)在(zai)(zai)結束句(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)重(zhong)復了(le)(le)(le)"轉"的(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)二句(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(僅在(zai)(zai)第(di)一拍上(shang)有(you)(you)點(dian)差別),成(cheng)(cheng)為"換頭"。全(quan)曲(qu)結束句(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)又(you)稱"八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)尾"。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)分(fen)析的(de)(de)(de)(de)《八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)》各部(bu)分(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)征,就是在(zai)(zai)編創(chuang)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)"八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)體(ti)"樂曲(qu)時所(suo)(suo)要掌(zhang)握和(he)準循(xun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基本程式(shi)(shi)(shi)。《單八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)》是《八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)》流行于(yu)(yu)河(he)(he)(he)南省的(de)(de)(de)(de)一種主(zhu)要樣式(shi)(shi)(shi),由(you)于(yu)(yu)受(shou)河(he)(he)(he)南聲的(de)(de)(de)(de)一種主(zhu)要樣式(shi)(shi)(shi),由(you)于(yu)(yu)受(shou)河(he)(he)(he)南地(di)(di)方風格的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及古(gu)箏演奏(zou)手(shou)(shou)法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)潤色,使(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)與(yu)《八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)旋律有(you)(you)了(le)(le)(le)少(shao)許(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)差異,尤(you)其(qi)(qi)第(di)一句(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)落音(yin)(yin)變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)宮音(yin)(yin)"1"。但(dan)從(cong)總體(ti)看來,它(ta)(ta)仍不(bu)失為典型的(de)(de)(de)(de)"八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)體(ti)"樂曲(qu),而(er)且(qie)實際上(shang)它(ta)(ta)也可稱是"河(he)(he)(he)南板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頭曲(qu)"的(de)(de)(de)(de)"母曲(qu)"。《八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)》在(zai)(zai)各地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)"八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)體(ti)"樂曲(qu)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)體(ti)頗多,有(you)(you)些(xie)變(bian)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)幅度(du)還很大(da),這是由(you)于(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)同(tong)或表現內容(rong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)同(tong)造成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)結構(gou)(gou)(gou)、速(su)度(du)、節奏(zou)、節拍、旋法(fa)與(yu)調(diao)(diao)(diao)式(shi)(shi)(shi)等方面的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)同(tong)所(suo)(suo)致。但(dan)是,不(bu)管變(bian)化有(you)(you)多么(me)大(da),它(ta)(ta)們(men)在(zai)(zai)音(yin)(yin)調(diao)(diao)(diao)落音(yin)(yin),句(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)法(fa)和(he)結構(gou)(gou)(gou)等方面,總或多或少(shao)地(di)(di)具有(you)(you)共同(tong)之處(chu),即具有(you)(you)"八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)體(ti)"的(de)(de)(de)(de)結構(gou)(gou)(gou)特(te)點(dian)。在(zai)(zai)編創(chuang)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)"八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)體(ti)"時,藝人們(men)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)他們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)聰明才智(zhi),充分(fen)地(di)(di)利用原型"母曲(qu)"--《八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)可塑性(xing)進行精雕細刻,并在(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)限的(de)(de)(de)(de)六十(shi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)中靈活地(di)(di)運(yun)用其(qi)(qi)程式(shi)(shi)(shi)推陳出新,借(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)抒發各自不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)感觸和(he)情(qing)趣(qu),從(cong)而(er)使(shi)(shi)《八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)》這一有(you)(you)限的(de)(de)(de)(de)素材得以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)無限地(di)(di)展馳,并最終(zhong)創(chuang)出了(le)(le)(le)曲(qu)目繁多、豐富多彩的(de)(de)(de)(de)"河(he)(he)(he)南板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頭曲(qu)"樂種。
河南(nan)板頭曲(qu)起(qi)源宋朝,它被稱為是中國傳統民族音樂的“根本”,和福建(jian)南(nan)音、江南(nan)絲竹、廣東音樂一起(qi)并列為我國四大曲(qu)種(zhong)之(zhi)一,是河南(nan)乃至(zhi)全國的稀有樂種(zhong)。
據載,明崇禎年間,板頭(tou)曲隨河南曲子見(jian)諸市井。清初,逐(zhu)漸盛(sheng)行于上述各地(di)。其樂隊不備鑼鼓笙管,而(er)以彈撥樂器為(wei)(wei)主,另加胡琴、四胡等拉弦樂器,由此成為(wei)(wei)中國傳統民間樂隊中難得一見(jian)的弦索(suo)樂組合。
2013年,部分板頭曲經中央音樂學院民族音樂研究所整理出版。
板(ban)(ban)(ban)頭曲(qu)分為快(kuai)板(ban)(ban)(ban)和慢(man)板(ban)(ban)(ban)兩種,慢(man)板(ban)(ban)(ban)一(yi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)一(yi)眼。曲(qu)調(diao)大部分哀怨低沉;快(kuai)板(ban)(ban)(ban)有板(ban)(ban)(ban)無眼,曲(qu)調(diao)歡快(kuai)流(liu)暢。由于古箏、三弦等(deng)樂器的音(yin)域寬闊,音(yin)色(se)明(ming)亮,音(yin)韻(yun)優美(mei)(mei),適宜于表現板(ban)(ban)(ban)頭曲(qu)細膩委婉的情緒,大多數板(ban)(ban)(ban)頭曲(qu)聽起來曲(qu)調(diao)優美(mei)(mei),節奏明(ming)快(kuai),使人進入"此(ci)曲(qu)只(zhi)應天上有,人間哪得幾回(hui)聞"的藝(yi)術境界。《思(si)鄉(xiang)》哀怨,聽之催人淚下;《打雁(yan)》歡快(kuai),聽之輕(qing)松愜意(yi);《高山流(liu)水》壯美(mei)(mei),聽之思(si)緒飛揚;《雁(yan)落(luo)沙(sha)灘》深沉,聽之回(hui)味無窮…
在當前流(liu)傳下來的(de)板(ban)(ban)頭(tou)曲(qu)(qu)中,一(yi)大(da)部分是適(shi)合(he)古箏、三弦和琵琶單(dan)獨演(yan)(yan)(yan)奏的(de),也有一(yi)部分是適(shi)合(he)多種(zhong)樂器(qi)合(he)奏的(de)。根(gen)據它(ta)們(men)的(de)演(yan)(yan)(yan)奏特點和在不同(tong)場合(he)所(suo)起(qi)(qi)的(de)作用,對于板(ban)(ban)頭(tou)曲(qu)(qu)產生的(de)起(qi)(qi)因,文藝界流(liu)傳著四種(zhong)說(shuo)法:一(yi)是聚集(ji)人氣,吸引觀眾,為大(da)調曲(qu)(qu)子的(de)正式演(yan)(yan)(yan)唱作鋪墊;二是緩和演(yan)(yan)(yan)出(chu)氣氛。在不同(tong)曲(qu)(qu)目的(de)大(da)調曲(qu)(qu)子轉場期間(jian),樂隊演(yan)(yan)(yan)奏板(ban)(ban)頭(tou)曲(qu)(qu),以(yi)免演(yan)(yan)(yan)員休(xiu)息、替換時出(chu)現冷(leng)場現象;三是調弦定調。意在使不同(tong)樂器(qi)的(de)樂手之間(jian)相互默契;四是呈才(cai)性,以(yi)曲(qu)(qu)會友,以(yi)曲(qu)(qu)會佳人。
板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頭(tou)曲的(de)(de)(de)曲體形(xing)式(shi),基本上是(shi)(shi)68板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban),即盤頭(tou)16板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban),起勢6個(ge)8板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban),煞尾4板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban),民(min)間(jian)俗(su)稱"老八板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)",是(shi)(shi)民(min)族器樂曲最(zui)常用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)一種結構形(xing)式(shi)。板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頭(tou)曲的(de)(de)(de)內(nei)容,有以(yi)歷史傳說故事為題材的(de)(de)(de),如《奪(duo)箏(zheng)》、《高(gao)山流水(shui)》、《蘇(su)武思鄉》等;有描寫封建社會中婦(fu)女(nv)的(de)(de)(de)壓抑悲傷及閨怨情(qing)思的(de)(de)(de),如《盼夫(fu)歸》、《思春》、《悲秋》等;有以(yi)情(qing)景寄(ji)意、寫景抒(shu)懷(huai)的(de)(de)(de),如《滿園(yuan)春》、《春雨細柳》、《寒鵲爭(zheng)梅(mei)》等,這一部分板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)頭(tou)曲數量最(zui)多。
其樂(le)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)多(duo)半源于古老(lao)器樂(le)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)牌《八板(ban)(ban)》及其各種(zhong)變(bian)體,同(tong)時廣泛吸收(shou)河(he)南曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)子(zi)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)牌、唱腔及民間小調。代表性(xing)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)目有《天下大同(tong)》、《高山流水》、《新開(kai)板(ban)(ban)》、《陳杏元(yuan)和番》、《打雁(yan)》、《賞秋(qiu)》、《閨中(zhong)怨》、《上樓(lou)(lou)》、《下樓(lou)(lou)》等。曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)體大部分(fen)為六十八板(ban)(ban)體,結構嚴謹(jin)而(er)又靈活(huo)多(duo)變(bian)。
1949年(nian)后(hou),板(ban)頭(tou)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)得以(yi)復(fu)蘇并受(shou)到廣泛重視(shi)。1953年(nian),著(zhu)名古箏演(yan)奏(zou)家、板(ban)頭(tou)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)人(ren)(ren)曹東扶先(xian)(xian)生代(dai)表河南參加(jia)了全(quan)國第一屆民間音(yin)樂舞蹈會(hui)演(yan)。一代(dai)名家曹東扶先(xian)(xian)生傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)譜的箏曲(qu)(qu)(qu)《高山流水(shui)》、《蘇武牧羊(yang)》更是傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)遍神(shen)州,遠播海外。中國樂器表演(yan)課(ke)程(本(ben)科)教學大(da)綱中的《閨(gui)中怨》、《高山流水(shui)》、《鬧元宵》、《上樓(lou)》、《下樓(lou)》等都是板(ban)頭(tou)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)譜。此后(hou),曹東扶及(ji)其后(hou)人(ren)(ren)全(quan)力投入板(ban)頭(tou)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)的記錄整(zheng)理(li)和演(yan)奏(zou),為傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)承(cheng)、保(bao)護(hu)這一罕(han)見(jian)的音(yin)樂品(pin)種做出(chu)巨(ju)大(da)貢(gong)獻。隨著(zhu)大(da)多(duo)數傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)人(ren)(ren)去(qu)世,板(ban)頭(tou)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)正面臨(lin)凋敝(bi)失傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)的危(wei)機。
2006年5月20日(ri),河南南陽(yang)申報(bao)板頭(tou)曲經國(guo)務(wu)院批準列入第一批國(guo)家(jia)級非物(wu)質(zhi)文化遺產名錄之中。