芒果视频下载

門樓淵源

清(qing)(qing)徐(xu)(xu)曾是(shi)(shi)春秋(qiu)古郡(jun)，是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)最早的(de)建(jian)制縣之(zhi)一，是(shi)(shi)《三國(guo)(guo)演(yan)義(yi)》作者古典文(wen)(wen)學大師羅貫中(zhong)故里，以(yi)“文(wen)(wen)化名城(cheng)、醋(cu)都葡鄉”享譽黃土(tu)高原。擁有(you)老(lao)陳醋(cu)傳統(tong)釀造工藝、徐(xu)(xu)溝背鐵(tie)棍藝術、清(qing)(qing)徐(xu)(xu)磚雕、清(qing)(qing)徐(xu)(xu)彩門樓等國(guo)(guo)家級(ji)非物(wu)質文(wen)(wen)化遺產，擁有(you)清(qing)(qing)源文(wen)(wen)廟、狐突廟2處(chu)國(guo)(guo)保(bao)單位(wei)和(he)省保(bao)單位(wei)4處(chu)、市保(bao)單位(wei)6處(chu)，以(yi)及350處(chu)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)遺存(cun)，是(shi)(shi)晉商的(de)重要發(fa)祥地之(zhi)一。

清徐彩(cai)門樓(lou)是一門集民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)古建筑技藝(yi)、民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)美術、民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)彩(cai)繪、民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)手工(gong)技藝(yi)于一體的綜合藝(yi)術。“獅子龍燈(deng)跑旱船、彩(cai)樓(lou)當街撐(cheng)面面”是流(liu)傳在(zai)清徐的民(min)(min)(min)諺，形象地(di)概述(shu)了(le)清徐彩(cai)門樓(lou)在(zai)當地(di)民(min)(min)(min)俗活動中的重(zhong)要地(di)位。

當地老(lao)人說，祖祖輩(bei)輩(bei)的人們(men)(men)每(mei)逢過春節，家(jia)家(jia)都要去(qu)集市購買柏(bo)(bo)葉，將柏(bo)(bo)葉插(cha)在門(men)(men)拴上(shang)，以示接(jie)福避邪(即可壓百邪)。在大(da)年(nian)三(san)十(shi)，人們(men)(men)將柏(bo)(bo)葉綁(bang)(bang)在一(yi)(yi)根竹竿或者木(mu)棍的稍(shao)頭，再用紅(hong)紙纏上(shang)，貼上(shang)“迎(ying)喜接(jie)福”的對聯(lian)，然后綁(bang)(bang)在房(fang)頂的煙(yan)囪上(shang)，還有的將柏(bo)(bo)葉同供品擺在一(yi)(yi)起(qi)供神，祈求來(lai)年(nian)生(sheng)意興(xing)旺；后來(lai)各家(jia)在門(men)(men)前(qian)用幾根門(men)(men)桿搭架，上(shang)邊(bian)綁(bang)(bang)上(shang)柏(bo)(bo)葉枝，兩邊(bian)寫上(shang)對聯(lian)，成為了(le)柏(bo)(bo)葉門(men)(men)樓(lou)，家(jia)家(jia)戶戶門(men)(men)樓(lou)造(zao)型不同。

傳承發展

隨著時(shi)(shi)代的(de)(de)發(fa)展，人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)不斷用(yong)新(xin)的(de)(de)材料來反(fan)映他(ta)們(men)的(de)(de)審美傾(qing)向，顯示各家的(de)(de)富裕(yu)程度，于是出現了柏(bo)葉(xie)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)門(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)、扭彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)門(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)、彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)繪(hui)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)門(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)。商(shang)(shang)(shang)家更是在(zai)自(zi)家門(men)(men)(men)(men)前壘起(qi)了塔塔火(huo)，以(yi)此寓(yu)意(yi)生(sheng)意(yi)興隆、紅紅火(huo)火(huo)，也(ye)為吸引(yin)更多(duo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)關(guan)注，后(hou)來發(fa)展到(dao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)家在(zai)商(shang)(shang)(shang)鋪門(men)(men)(men)(men)口(kou)的(de)(de)街(jie)頭搭(da)過街(jie)柏(bo)葉(xie)門(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)，又(you)(you)高(gao)又(you)(you)大，會吸引(yin)很(hen)遠地(di)方人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)的(de)(de)注意(yi)，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)也(ye)借(jie)此起(qi)到(dao)宣(xuan)傳自(zi)己商(shang)(shang)(shang)號，吸引(yin)顧客光顧的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)。當觀看的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)越(yue)聚越(yue)多(duo)時(shi)(shi)，商(shang)(shang)(shang)家便用(yong)柏(bo)葉(xie)和廢食用(yong)油(you)潑在(zai)塔塔火(huo)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，象征來年(nian)生(sheng)意(yi)紅火(huo)。由此，柏(bo)葉(xie)門(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)開始發(fa)展為過街(jie)柏(bo)葉(xie)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)。隨著經濟的(de)(de)繁(fan)榮，清徐城內(nei)的(de)(de)一些較(jiao)富裕(yu)的(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)號開始設(she)想搭(da)制工藝更復雜、造(zao)型(xing)更美觀的(de)(de)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)，于是，由較(jiao)大商(shang)(shang)(shang)鋪出面牽頭，采取自(zi)愿原(yuan)則，向鄰近商(shang)(shang)(shang)行籌錢，籌起(qi)錢后(hou)請當時(shi)(shi)制作(zuo)抬(tai)閣的(de)(de)師傅制作(zuo)較(jiao)好的(de)(de)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)門(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)。在(zai)原(yuan)柏(bo)葉(xie)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)門(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)基礎(chu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，產生(sheng)了用(yong)五彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)布裹木椽子并(bing)用(yong)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)布扭彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)編(bian)織亭閣門(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)古建 型(xing)狀的(de)(de)新(xin)式(shi)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)，其名(ming)稱也(ye)由原(yuan)來的(de)(de)柏(bo)葉(xie)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)正(zheng)式(shi)取名(ming)為彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)，后(hou)來又(you)(you)在(zai)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)門(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)上(shang)(shang)(shang)掛(gua)上(shang)(shang)(shang)燈籠(long)、繡(xiu)球(qiu)等(deng)，并(bing)給每(mei)個彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)門(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)起(qi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)了吉祥如(ru)意(yi)的(de)(de)名(ming)字，如(ru)“聚財(cai)門(men)(men)(men)(men)”、“五福門(men)(men)(men)(men)”、“興旺(wang)門(men)(men)(men)(men)”、“平安門(men)(men)(men)(men)”等(deng)等(deng)，寄托著人(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)美好的(de)(de)心愿。20世紀90年(nian)代以(yi)來，在(zai)原(yuan)來扭彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)編(bian)織的(de)(de)基礎(chu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，增加了美術彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)繪(hui)部分，增加了五彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)燈光，在(zai)造(zao)型(xing)上(shang)(shang)(shang)也(ye)更加多(duo)樣。

傳統特色

清徐彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)從搭(da)的(de)(de)位置和(he)名稱上(shang)可(ke)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(即(ji)(ji)(ji)搭(da)置在(zai)街(jie)(jie)頭的(de)(de))和(he)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(即(ji)(ji)(ji)搭(da)置在(zai)各(ge)單位和(he)各(ge)家(jia)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)口的(de)(de))兩(liang)(liang)種。根(gen)據搭(da)制(zhi)的(de)(de)材料不(bu)同(tong)，可(ke)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)柏(bo)葉門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)、柏(bo)葉彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)、扭(niu)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)、彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)、噴繪(hui)(hui)(hui)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)五(wu)種，它們的(de)(de)骨架制(zhi)作基本相(xiang)同(tong)，所不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)材料和(he)工藝。柏(bo)葉門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)是(shi)(shi)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)前身，有兩(liang)(liang)種形(xing)式(shi)(shi)：一(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)各(ge)家(jia)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)前一(yi)(yi)(yi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)一(yi)(yi)(yi)頂(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)，兩(liang)(liang)旁扇(shan)形(xing)耳壁(bi)的(de)(de)單層門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)。另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種是(shi)(shi)橫跨(kua)大街(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)三門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)四柱(zhu)三頂(ding)(ding)，雙層的(de)(de)過(guo)街(jie)(jie)柏(bo)葉門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)，它是(shi)(shi)由(you)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)柱(zhu)、橫梁(liang)(liang)、門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)、樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)頂(ding)(ding)、脊檁組(zu)合而成的(de)(de)似古牌樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)式(shi)(shi)樣，門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)頂(ding)(ding)部(bu)制(zhi)作與柏(bo)葉樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)相(xiang)同(tong)，兩(liang)(liang)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)小(xiao)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)要(yao)(yao)比(bi)中門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)低，小(xiao)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)脊檁應在(zai)中門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)頂(ding)(ding)斜(xie)坡之下為(wei)宜，樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)頂(ding)(ding)不(bu)宜過(guo)高。在(zai)柏(bo)葉門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)基礎上(shang)搭(da)建成了(le)柏(bo)葉彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)，最(zui)大的(de)(de)變(bian)化是(shi)(shi)在(zai)明(ming)顯(xian)部(bu)位用(yong)(yong)五(wu)色(se)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)布進行了(le)裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)。將門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)頂(ding)(ding)部(bu)前后(hou)兩(liang)(liang)處水斜(xie)坡和(he)挑角用(yong)(yong)柏(bo)葉枝編織裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)，橫梁(liang)(liang)脊檁匾(bian)額部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)用(yong)(yong)五(wu)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)布扭(niu)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)子、綁好匾(bian)額，門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)柱(zhu)即(ji)(ji)(ji)用(yong)(yong)紅(hong)布包裹或(huo)用(yong)(yong)五(wu)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)布扭(niu)成網狀纏上(shang)去，并貼上(shang)對(dui)聯、掛上(shang)燈籠(long)。扭(niu)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)扭(niu)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)與裝(zhuang)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)兩(liang)(liang)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)，門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)頂(ding)(ding)部(bu)、門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)與橫梁(liang)(liang)、門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)柱(zhu)的(de)(de)四面為(wei)扭(niu)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)，全部(bu)要(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)布包裝(zhuang)，周邊(bian)(bian)(bian)用(yong)(yong)紅(hong)紙(zhi)金紙(zhi)條(tiao)和(he)手(shou)工紙(zhi)貼出花邊(bian)(bian)(bian)圖(tu)案(an)(an)，圖(tu)案(an)(an)的(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)藝人(ren)的(de)(de)絕技，當地常扭(niu)的(de)(de)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)子有“結(jie)魚網”、“編席子”、“結(jie)空心疙(ge)瘩”、“尖(jian)對(dui)尖(jian)”、“編九針兒”、“打燈籠(long)景”、“拉(la)瓦棱”等樣式(shi)(shi)，各(ge)部(bu)位彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)子扭(niu)好后(hou)，要(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)淡紅(hong)色(se)、淡綠(lv)色(se)、淡黃色(se)綢(chou)布襯底，可(ke)以(yi)將圖(tu)案(an)(an)襯得更加突出。彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)不(bu)拘(ju)泥(ni)傳統(tong)的(de)(de)程式(shi)(shi)畫法(fa)，圖(tu)案(an)(an)活潑自由(you)，門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)四門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)柱(zhu)為(wei)紅(hong)底金字或(huo)者是(shi)(shi)紅(hong)底加祥云圖(tu)案(an)(an)，中門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)橫梁(liang)(liang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般采用(yong)(yong)“包袱式(shi)(shi)”彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)和(he)“方(fang)心形(xing)”彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)，小(xiao)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)橫梁(liang)(liang)采用(yong)(yong)“方(fang)心式(shi)(shi)”和(he)“海漫式(shi)(shi)”彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)方(fang)法(fa)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)，小(xiao)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)采用(yong)(yong)仿古建筑彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)繪(hui)(hui)(hui)工藝方(fang)法(fa)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)畫，圖(tu)樣左右對(dui)稱，以(yi)青、綠(lv)色(se)調(diao)為(wei)主。