一.產品介紹
皮山(shan)(shan)縣是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)西(xi)漢時期西(xi)域沿塔(ta)里木盆地(di)周圍三十六國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)一的(de)(de)皮山(shan)(shan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)所(suo)在(zai)地(di),是(shi)古(gu)“絲綢之(zhi)路(lu)”南(nan)(nan)道(dao)重(zhong)要商埠(bu)驛站,是(shi)通(tong)往印度、波斯和西(xi)方諸國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)首選之(zhi)道(dao)。石(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)原名(ming)安(an)石(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)。據史(shi)載,約(yue)在(zai)公元二世紀(ji),石(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)在(zai)當時隸屬中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)王朝(chao)的(de)(de)西(xi)域之(zhi)地(di)-安(an)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)和石(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(今烏茲別克(ke)的(de)(de)布哈(ha)拉和塔(ta)什干(gan))。漢代(dai)張騫出使西(xi)域時,才將其(qi)引(yin)入內地(di)。這(zhe)其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)還有(you)一段優(you)美(mei)的(de)(de)佳話。 皮山(shan)(shan)縣是(shi)傳(chuan)說中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)失落的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)之(zhi)一,皮亞(ya)勒瑪甜石(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)以其(qi)果(guo)(guo)大、皮薄、粒(li)(li)大、汁(zhi)(zhi)多(duo)、色(se)艷、核軟、味甜、風味濃(nong)郁、品(pin)(pin)質佳良等特(te)點,素有(you)“籽粒(li)(li)透明(ming)似(si)珍(zhen)珠,果(guo)(guo)汁(zhi)(zhi)濃(nong)甜似(si)蜂蜜”的(de)(de)美(mei)譽。不僅(jin)色(se)、香(xiang)、味俱佳,而且(qie)含有(you)一定的(de)(de)蛋(dan)白質、維生(sheng)素及多(duo)種礦物質,堪稱(cheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)極品(pin)(pin),深(shen)受(shou)到(dao)人們的(de)(de)青睞。2004年(nian)(nian)被(bei)(bei)命名(ming)為(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家級甜石(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)標準示范基地(di),被(bei)(bei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)果(guo)(guo)協命名(ming)為(wei)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華名(ming)果(guo)(guo)”稱(cheng)號,2006年(nian)(nian)、2007年(nian)(nian)連(lian)續(xu)兩年(nian)(nian)被(bei)(bei)新(xin)疆(jiang)特(te)色(se)農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(上海)交易會(hui)“最(zui)佳暢(chang)銷產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)獎(jiang)”;2007年(nian)(nian)9月被(bei)(bei)新(xin)疆(jiang)名(ming)牌戰略推進委員(yuan)會(hui)評(ping)為(wei)“新(xin)疆(jiang)名(ming)牌”; 2007年(nian)(nian)10月在(zai)山(shan)(shan)東(dong)濟南(nan)(nan)召開的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際第五屆農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)交易會(hui)上“皮亞(ya)曼”牌石(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)榮(rong)獲(huo)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際第五屆農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)交易會(hui)一村(cun)一品(pin)(pin)展位(wei)金獎(jiang);2008年(nian)(nian)4月10日,皮亞(ya)勒瑪鄉石(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)協會(hui)被(bei)(bei)自治區科學技術學會(hui)被(bei)(bei)為(wei)“百強協會(hui)”。 2008年(nian)(nian)9月被(bei)(bei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)輕(qing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)質量保障(zhang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)評(ping)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)消(xiao)費者滿意名(ming)特(te)優(you)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)。
二(er).自然生(sheng)態環境和人文歷(li)史因素
皮亞勒瑪(ma)甜石(shi)榴(liu)產(chan)區為(wei)(wei)屬典型的大陸性曖溫(wen)帶干旱氣候。四季(ji)分明,光熱資(zi)源豐富(fu),冬夏兩季(ji)長(chang)而(er)春秋季(ji)短,冬季(ji)嚴寒,少(shao)積雪,春夏多沙暴,日照時間長(chang),≥0℃積溫(wen)4100℃,年(nian)(nian)(nian)均太陽能輻(fu)射158千卡/㎡,無霜期217天,年(nian)(nian)(nian)平均氣溫(wen)11.6℃,晝(zhou)夜(ye)溫(wen)差(cha)14℃。屬干燥少(shao)雨(yu)(yu)區,日照充足降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)少(shao)、蒸發(fa)量(liang)(liang)(liang)大,降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)53毫(hao)米,年(nian)(nian)(nian)蒸發(fa)量(liang)(liang)(liang)2700毫(hao)米。月(yue)降(jiang)水(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)以(yi)5月(yue)份最(zui)大,降(jiang)水(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)26.7毫(hao)米,占全年(nian)(nian)(nian)總降(jiang)水(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的52%。屬多風地區,全年(nian)(nian)(nian)盛行西(xi)北風和偏東(dong)風,一般風力(li)4-5級,最(zui)大風力(li)可(ke)達(da)9級。土(tu)(tu)壤結構主要(yao)是(shi)粘沙土(tu)(tu),其(qi)保(bao)水(shui)保(bao)持較(jiao)好(hao),土(tu)(tu)層(ceng)不均,有機含量(liang)(liang)(liang)0.19—2.9%,含氮(dan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)中等,為(wei)(wei)0.05%,速效氮(dan)含量(liang)(liang)(liang)105PPM,速效鉀38PPM—314PPM,含磷量(liang)(liang)(liang)0.021%0.105%,是(shi)皮亞勒瑪(ma)甜石(shi)榴(liu)生(sheng)長(chang)的獨特土(tu)(tu)壤條件。也(ye)是(shi)石(shi)榴(liu)生(sheng)產(chan)最(zui)適宜區域之一。
三.地域范圍
皮(pi)(pi)亞(ya)(ya)勒瑪(ma)甜石榴農產品地理標(biao)志地域(yu)保護(hu)范圍包括(kuo)皮(pi)(pi)山縣(xian)科克(ke)鐵熱克(ke)鄉、固瑪(ma)鎮(zhen)、木(mu)奎拉鄉、喬達鄉、木(mu)吉(ji)鄉、藏(zang)桂鄉、皮(pi)(pi)亞(ya)(ya)勒瑪(ma)鄉、皮(pi)(pi)亞(ya)(ya)勒瑪(ma)開發區(qu)等(deng)8個鄉鎮(zhen)、開發區(qu)。東(dong)(dong)接十四(si)師(shi)224團(tuan),西(xi)接喀什市(shi)葉城縣(xian)。南北(bei)長927公(gong)里,東(dong)(dong)西(xi)寬(kuan)144公(gong)里。地理坐標(biao)位于(yu):北(bei)緯35°22'-37°13',東(dong)(dong)經(jing)77°31'-79°15'。保護(hu)面積2060公(gong)頃,年產量2萬噸。
四.產品品質(zhi)特性特征
(1)外在感官特征:皮(pi)亞(ya)勒瑪甜(tian)石榴果(guo)(guo)形呈亞(ya)(近)球形,果(guo)(guo)徑一般為8-18厘米,果(guo)(guo)皮(pi)為玫(mei)瑰(gui)紅,陽(yang)面淡黃(huang)色,帶紅彩霞,果(guo)(guo)皮(pi)厚(hou)0.2-0.3厘米,萼片5-7裂,心皮(pi)7-9個;每果(guo)(guo)籽(zi)(zi)粒(li)(li)約300-600粒(li)(li),瑪瑙(nao)紅,馬(ma)齒狀,粒(li)(li)內有(you)白色放射(she)狀寶石花紋(俗稱松針)。平均籽(zi)(zi)粒(li)(li)重0.28克,出汁(zhi)率(lv)42%;種子極小且軟,人可(ke)吃下胃里,香氣濃(nong)郁,細嫩化渣。因果(guo)(guo)大、皮(pi)薄、粒(li)(li)大、汁(zhi)多、色艷、核軟、味(wei)甜(tian)、風味(wei)濃(nong)郁、品質佳(jia)良,營養價值高(gao)等特點,素(su)有(you)“籽(zi)(zi)粒(li)(li)透明似珍(zhen)珠,果(guo)(guo)汁(zhi)濃(nong)甜(tian)似蜂蜜”的美譽。
(2)內在品質指標:可(ke)溶性固形物(wu)含(han)量(liang)可(ke)達14%-17.5%,還(huan)原(yuan)VC≥17(mg/100g),富(fu)含(han)多種微量(liang)元(yuan)素(su)及礦物(wu)質,其(qi)中鈣≥55(mg/kg),磷(lin)≥220(mg/kg),鎂(mei)≥70(mg/kg),鋅(xin)≥3(mg/kg),銅≥1.7(mg/kg)。
(3)符合《無公害(hai)食品落葉漿果類果品》(NY 5086-2005)標準的安(an)全(quan)要求。