一.歷史起源
南京是(shi)(shi)(shi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)的(de)故鄉,自(zi)從有(you)(you)(you)了(le)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo),貼(tie)(tie)(tie)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)技藝便應運而生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。自(zi)古以來,金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)的(de)配方和(he)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)絕(jue)技是(shi)(shi)(shi)密(mi)不示人(ren)的(de),所以,人(ren)們無法想像如(ru)何(he)將(jiang)黃金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)打(da)造(zao)成(cheng)薄如(ru)蟬翼的(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo),又(you)如(ru)何(he)將(jiang)薄如(ru)蟬翼的(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)貼(tie)(tie)(tie)飾在各種物(wu)體(ti)上。藝百貼(tie)(tie)(tie)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)傳人(ren)的(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)藝技師(shi)們經(jing)過(guo)多年(nian)的(de)不斷探索與(yu)新技術研發,終(zhong)于(yu)撩開(kai)了(le)古代貼(tie)(tie)(tie)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)藝人(ren)的(de)神秘面紗。元朝(chao)時,開(kai)始大(da)量生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo),到了(le)明清,更有(you)(you)(you)進出一(yi)步的(de)發展。1975年(nian)在太(tai)平門(men)外徐(xu)達五世孫徐(xu)傅墓中出土的(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)絲(si)補服,即為400多年(nian)前金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)陵(ling)(ling)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)絲(si)的(de)物(wu)證。南(nan)京東郊龍(long)潭鎮及(ji)(ji)江寧縣(xian)花園鄉等一(yi)帶(dai)(dai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)陵(ling)(ling)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)、金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)線生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產的(de)集散地,農戶(hu)均有(you)(you)(you)“打(da)箔(bo)”、“制線”的(de)手藝,且(qie)世代相傳。金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)陵(ling)(ling)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)具有(you)(you)(you)歷(li)史悠(you)久。東郊龍(long)潭鎮及(ji)(ji)江寧縣(xian)花園鄉一(yi)帶(dai)(dai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)陵(ling)(ling)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)、金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)線生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產的(de)集散地。金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產工藝獨特,為手工捶制,是(shi)(shi)(shi)中國獨特傳統工藝。以金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)片(pian)捶打(da)成(cheng)厚(hou)度不超過(guo)0.1微米薄片(pian)之稱。主(zhu)要用(yong)作建筑、器物(wu)、 佛教塑像裝飾貼(tie)(tie)(tie)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)及(ji)(ji)名貴中成(cheng)藥的(de)配方。
二.生產工藝
金(jin)陵金(jin)箔(bo)(bo)生產工(gong)(gong)藝獨特(te),技術要求很高,從古到(dao)今(jin),一直為手工(gong)(gong)捶(chui)制,是中國特(te)種傳(chuan)統工(gong)(gong)藝。加工(gong)(gong)金(jin)箔(bo)(bo)有十多道工(gong)(gong)序,將(jiang)黃金(jin)經過化(hua)條、拍葉、落開子、炕炕、做捻(nian)子、打箔(bo)(bo)、出具、切箔(bo)(bo)等精(jing)細加工(gong)(gong),使金(jin)條捶(chui)打成薄如蟬翼的金(jin)箔(bo)(bo),100張金(jin)箔(bo)(bo)堆在一起(qi)還不到(dao)0.1厘米高。南京金(jin)箔(bo)(bo)質量高,因而(er)享譽四方。金(jin)陵金(jin)箔(bo)(bo),中華一絕(jue),世界(jie)聞名。
三.南京金箔
南京,古稱“金陵”,有2500多年生產金箔歷史,如今集中著全國70%、世界60%的金箔生產量,從事金箔行業的企業有180余家,從業人員6000多人,年創工業總產值15.6億元。經國務院授權,中國黃金協會正式命名南京市的江寧區為“中國金箔城”,這是繼山東招遠定名“中國金都”、河南靈寶定名(ming)“中(zhong)國(guo)金城(cheng)”、貴州(zhou)黔(qian)西南定名(ming)“中(zhong)國(guo)金州(zhou)”后的又一城(cheng)市殊(shu)榮(rong)。“中(zhong)國(guo)金箔(bo)城(cheng)”的榮(rong)譽是對中(zhong)國(guo)最(zui)大(da)(da)的真(zhen)金箔(bo)生產基地、世界(jie)五大(da)(da)金箔(bo)生產中(zhong)心之一的南京江寧的最(zui)佳肯定。
狹(xia)義(yi)的(de)(de)南(nan)(nan)京金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo),特指南(nan)(nan)京生產(chan)的(de)(de)純(chun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo);而廣義(yi)的(de)(de)南(nan)(nan)京金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo),則(ze)包含所(suo)有的(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)箔(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)類(lei)。如(ru)純(chun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)、純(chun)銀(yin)箔(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)、仿(fang)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(也(ye)叫(jiao)“銅箔(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)”)、仿(fang)銀(yin)箔(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(也(ye)叫(jiao)“鋁箔(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)”)、食(shi)用(yong)(yong)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)、彩色(se)箔(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)、合金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)等(deng)。其中,98純(chun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)和仿(fang)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)用(yong)(yong)途最為廣泛,適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)任何裝飾(shi)貼金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)。如(ru):賓館(guan)酒(jiu)店大廈(sha)、寺院佛像廟宇(yu)、仿(fang)古園林建筑(zhu)、現代(dai)豪華裝修(xiu)、大型(xing)雕塑(su)、豪宅家私(si)、牌匾楹聯的(de)(de)裝飾(shi)工程(cheng)貼金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)以及(ji)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)畫(hua)、金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)書、金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)郵(you)票、金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)墻紙(zhi)、金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)瓷(ci)磚馬賽克、貼金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)工藝品(pin)、金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)字招牌的(de)(de)制(zhi)作等(deng);南(nan)(nan)京金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)貼飾(shi)不(bu)僅(jin)應用(yong)(yong)于(yu)祖(zu)國的(de)(de)大江南(nan)(nan)北,更遍及(ji)世界(jie)各(ge)地。另外,食(shi)用(yong)(yong)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(也(ye)叫(jiao)“高純(chun)度金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)箔(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)”),多用(yong)(yong)于(yu)藥品(pin)、酒(jiu)類(lei)、糕點、化妝品(pin)等(deng)添加成分,既可提高商品(pin)檔次(ci),又益健康美(mei)容。
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