一、電池管理系統為什么要進行均衡管理

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)管(guan)理系(xi)統是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽車(che)動(dong)(dong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)甚至是整個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽車(che)的核心(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)控部(bu)件，對提高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的安全性，延(yan)長電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)使用壽命，提高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組的有(you)效(xiao)儲能(neng)，估算電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)剩余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量具有(you)重要意(yi)義(yi)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)管(guan)理系(xi)統一般(ban)要求均衡管(guan)理，這(zhe)是為什么呢？

其(qi)實(shi)，電(dian)池管(guan)理(li)系(xi)統之所以需要(yao)進(jin)行均衡管(guan)理(li)，是(shi)(shi)因為(wei)BMS是(shi)(shi)遵循(xun)短板效應的(de)(de)，因為(wei)某一節電(dian)芯(xin)的(de)(de)電(dian)壓(ya)比較低會導致SOX的(de)(de)估(gu)算直接不準，明明其(qi)他電(dian)芯(xin)還(huan)有(you)電(dian)，但(dan)是(shi)(shi)確(que)有(you)勁(jing)無處使，對電(dian)池包的(de)(de)影響還(huan)是(shi)(shi)非常大的(de)(de)。

動力電(dian)池在(zai)制作過(guo)程(cheng)中，各(ge)個電(dian)池內部(bu)存在(zai)不一致性(xing)，在(zai)使用過(guo)程(cheng)中很容(rong)易造成電(dian)池的過(guo)快損耗，所以在(zai)電(dian)池的內部(bu)需(xu)要(yao)均衡管理系(xi)統(tong)。

二、電池管理系統均衡管理方法有哪些

電池管理系統均(jun)衡管理(li)方法(fa)主(zhu)要(yao)有被動均(jun)衡和主(zhu)動均(jun)衡兩種：

1、被動均衡

一般采用(yong)旁路(lu)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻實現對(dui)高能量的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)其跟模塊中具有最小電(dian)(dian)(dian)量的(de)單體保持一致(zhi)，該方(fang)案結(jie)構(gou)簡單，容易實現，但由(you)于每(mei)個(ge)單體并聯一個(ge)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，從(cong)而損耗電(dian)(dian)(dian)能并產生熱(re)量，給(gei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池系統熱(re)管理提出了更(geng)高的(de)要求。

2、主動均衡

通過儲能原件(jian)實現不均(jun)(jun)衡電池間的能量(liang)轉移。該類(lei)方案普遍結構復雜，硬件(jian)成本高(gao)，對系統的可(ke)靠性設計(ji)也提出(chu)了較高(gao)的要求；但(dan)其能量(liang)利(li)用率較高(gao)，是目前電池單體均(jun)(jun)衡研究的一個熱(re)點。