一、電池管理系統的基本功能

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)管理系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)是對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)進(jin)行監控(kong)與控(kong)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，將采集的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)實(shi)時(shi)(shi)反饋給用(yong)(yong)戶，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)根(gen)據(ju)采集的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)調(diao)節(jie)參(can)(can)(can)數，充(chong)(chong)(chong)分發揮電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性能(neng)(neng)(neng)，其功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)主(zhu)要(yao)有：1、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)狀態(tai)分析：SOC估算是BMS的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核心功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)也(ye)是評估電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車續航里程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)參(can)(can)(can)數。BMS通過(guo)(guo)遍布(bu)整個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)包的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳感器(qi)檢測電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)參(can)(can)(can)數（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)和(he)(he)溫度等(deng)(deng)）信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)，由(you)于探測的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)準(zhun)確(que)外加(jia)優秀(xiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)算法處理，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)剩余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)就可以(yi)(yi)被(bei)非常準(zhun)確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計算出來。2、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)安全保護(hu)：BMS能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)營造(zao)良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運行環境(jing)。比如在(zai)(zai)寒冷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地區，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效率降低，這個時(shi)(shi)候BMS會(hui)調(diao)用(yong)(yong)加(jia)熱系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)來讓(rang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)升(sheng)溫使其達到(dao)(dao)舒(shu)適的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)環境(jing)；如果(guo)在(zai)(zai)夏季或者是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)發熱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)，BMS會(hui)調(diao)用(yong)(yong)冷卻系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)降溫，利用(yong)(yong)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)溫控(kong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)大大提高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)。3、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)管理：充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)，BMS會(hui)把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)允(yun)許(xu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單體最(zui)(zui)(zui)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、最(zui)(zui)(zui)高(gao)總(zong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、最(zui)(zui)(zui)高(gao)溫度、當(dang)前允(yun)許(xu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)(zui)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)、SOC以(yi)(yi)及當(dang)前電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓等(deng)(deng)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)與充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備進(jin)行交互，從而使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)按照(zhao)適配的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)和(he)(he)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方法進(jin)行充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)處于高(gao)位后，BMS會(hui)限制充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，進(jin)入到(dao)(dao)“涓(juan)流(liu)(liu)模式”（使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)真正飽(bao)和(he)(he)、延長使用(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)），直到(dao)(dao)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)結束最(zui)(zui)(zui)后斷開連接。4、通信(xin)(xin)：BMS把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、溫度、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)、SOC等(deng)(deng)數據(ju)通過(guo)(guo)CAN通信(xin)(xin)傳遞，最(zui)(zui)(zui)終我們(men)在(zai)(zai)儀表上(shang)才能(neng)(neng)(neng)很直觀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)看到(dao)(dao)續航里程(cheng)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)等(deng)(deng)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)。不(bu)僅如此，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)管理系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)還能(neng)(neng)(neng)對(dui)故(gu)(gu)障信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)進(jin)行分析，通過(guo)(guo)相(xiang)關策略(lve)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)進(jin)行保護(hu)和(he)(he)控(kong)制，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)讓(rang)故(gu)(gu)障燈點亮以(yi)(yi)便提醒(xing)車主(zhu)。5、故(gu)(gu)障診斷：除(chu)了(le)通信(xin)(xin)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)外，BMS還能(neng)(neng)(neng)起到(dao)(dao)故(gu)(gu)障診斷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。BMS會(hui)根(gen)據(ju)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)參(can)(can)(can)數和(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)制定相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)故(gu)(gu)障閾(yu)(yu)值表，BMS通過(guo)(guo)故(gu)(gu)障閾(yu)(yu)值表對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)進(jin)行保護(hu)并上(shang)報(bao)故(gu)(gu)障類型，方便后期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)故(gu)(gu)障排查以(yi)(yi)及檢修維護(hu)。

二、電池管理系統的英文縮寫為什么

電池(chi)管(guan)理系統的(de)(de)英文(wen)(wen)縮寫是(shi)BMS，它(ta)是(shi)英文(wen)(wen)BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM的(de)(de)首字母(mu)縮寫，翻(fan)譯過來就是(shi)電池(chi)管(guan)理系統。隨著新能源電動汽車的(de)(de)廣泛應(ying)用(yong)，電池(chi)的(de)(de)容量、安全性、健康狀(zhuang)態(tai)與續(xu)航(hang)能力日益成為關(guan)注重點，電池(chi)管(guan)理系統通過對電池(chi)進行監控與控制，可以(yi)將采集(ji)的(de)(de)電池(chi)信息(xi)實時反饋給用(yong)戶，同時根據采集(ji)的(de)(de)信息(xi)調(diao)節參數，充分發揮電池(chi)的(de)(de)性能。

三、電池管理系統開發流程

1、電池管理系統開發的前期工作：電池管理系統的開發過程是從“確定BMS的拓撲結構”、“確定BMS的各項功能”、“動力電池特性測試”這三項工作開始的。2、電池管理系統軟硬件設計及實現：軟硬件設計及其實現是電池管理系統開發的主體工作，軟件的開發與硬件的開發工作是相輔相成的，即進行軟件開發的時候需要兼顧到各部分硬件的可執行為，而進行硬件設計的時候需要充分考慮到軟件算法復雜度。3、BMS單元測試及動力電池組整體測試：在完成電池管理系統硬件設計、制作以及軟件系統的編程、調試以后，所制訂的電池管理系統的各項基本功能就可以實現了。接下來需要做的就是大量的測試工作，其中包含BMS本身的單元測試以及整個動力電池組的整體測試。電池管理系統是一個比較復雜的系統，對開發要求較高，好的電池管理系統通常是專業的電池管理系統廠家開發出來的。

四、電池管理系統的工作原理是什么

電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)管理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)終端模(mo)(mo)塊（主要進(jin)行數(shu)據采集，如：電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓參數(shu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)流參數(shu)、溫度(du)、通(tong)信(xin)信(xin)號等(deng)）、中間(jian)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)模(mo)(mo)塊（主要與整車系(xi)(xi)統進(jin)行通(tong)訊，控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機等(deng)）和顯示模(mo)(mo)塊（主要進(jin)行數(shu)據呈現(xian)，實現(xian)人機交(jiao)互(hu)）三部分組成，采用內(nei)部CAN總(zong)線技術實現(xian)模(mo)(mo)塊之間(jian)的數(shu)據信(xin)息通(tong)訊。電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)管理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統工作時(shi)，通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)終端模(mo)(mo)塊檢測動力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組中各(ge)單體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態來確定整個電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)系(xi)(xi)統的狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態，并根據它們的狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態對動力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)系(xi)(xi)統進(jin)行對應(ying)的控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)調整和策略實施，實現(xian)對動力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)系(xi)(xi)統及(ji)各(ge)單體(ti)的充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)管理(li)(li)以保證動力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)系(xi)(xi)統安全(quan)穩(wen)定地運行。