一、電池管理系統的基本功能

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)管(guan)理系(xi)統(tong)是對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)進(jin)行(xing)監控(kong)與(yu)控(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)統(tong)，將(jiang)采集(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)實(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)反饋給(gei)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)根據(ju)采集(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)調(diao)(diao)節參(can)(can)數，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)分(fen)發(fa)揮電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性能(neng)(neng)，其功(gong)能(neng)(neng)主要(yao)有：1、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)狀態分(fen)析(xi)：SOC估(gu)算是BMS的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核心功(gong)能(neng)(neng)，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也是評估(gu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)續航里程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)參(can)(can)數。BMS通過(guo)(guo)遍布整個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)包(bao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)感器檢(jian)測電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)參(can)(can)數（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)和(he)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度等）信(xin)(xin)息(xi)，由于探測的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)準(zhun)確外加優秀(xiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)算法處理，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)剩余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)就可以(yi)(yi)被(bei)非常(chang)準(zhun)確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計算出(chu)來。2、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)安(an)全(quan)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)：BMS能(neng)(neng)夠為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)營造良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運行(xing)環(huan)境(jing)。比如(ru)在寒(han)冷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地區(qu)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效率降低，這(zhe)個(ge)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)候(hou)BMS會調(diao)(diao)用(yong)(yong)加熱系(xi)統(tong)來讓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)升溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)使其達到舒(shu)適的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)環(huan)境(jing)；如(ru)果(guo)在夏季或(huo)者是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)發(fa)熱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下，BMS會調(diao)(diao)用(yong)(yong)冷卻系(xi)統(tong)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)降溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，利用(yong)(yong)智能(neng)(neng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)系(xi)統(tong)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)提(ti)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)。3、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)管(guan)理：充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，BMS會把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)統(tong)允許(xu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單體最(zui)(zui)(zui)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、最(zui)(zui)(zui)高(gao)總電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、最(zui)(zui)(zui)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度、當前(qian)允許(xu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)、SOC以(yi)(yi)及當前(qian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)等信(xin)(xin)息(xi)與(yu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備進(jin)行(xing)交互，從而(er)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)統(tong)按照適配(pei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)和(he)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方法進(jin)行(xing)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)處于高(gao)位后，BMS會限制(zhi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，進(jin)入到“涓流(liu)模式(shi)”（使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)真正(zheng)飽和(he)、延長使用(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)），直(zhi)到充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)(guo)程結束最(zui)(zui)(zui)后斷(duan)開連接。4、通信(xin)(xin)：BMS把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)、SOC等數據(ju)通過(guo)(guo)CAN通信(xin)(xin)傳(chuan)遞，最(zui)(zui)(zui)終我們(men)在儀表(biao)上(shang)才能(neng)(neng)很直(zhi)觀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)看到續航里程、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)等信(xin)(xin)息(xi)。不(bu)僅如(ru)此，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)管(guan)理系(xi)統(tong)還(huan)能(neng)(neng)對(dui)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)進(jin)行(xing)分(fen)析(xi)，通過(guo)(guo)相關(guan)策略對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)統(tong)進(jin)行(xing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)和(he)控(kong)制(zhi)，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)讓故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)燈點亮以(yi)(yi)便(bian)提(ti)醒車(che)主。5、故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)診斷(duan)：除了通信(xin)(xin)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)外，BMS還(huan)能(neng)(neng)起到故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)診斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)。BMS會根據(ju)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)參(can)(can)數和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)統(tong)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)制(zhi)定相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)閾(yu)值表(biao)，BMS通過(guo)(guo)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)閾(yu)值表(biao)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)統(tong)進(jin)行(xing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)并上(shang)報故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)類型(xing)，方便(bian)后期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)排查以(yi)(yi)及檢(jian)修維護(hu)。

二、電池管理系統的英文縮寫為什么

電(dian)池(chi)(chi)管理系統的(de)(de)英文縮寫(xie)是(shi)BMS，它是(shi)英文BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM的(de)(de)首字母縮寫(xie)，翻譯(yi)過來就(jiu)是(shi)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)管理系統。隨著(zhu)新能(neng)源電(dian)動汽車的(de)(de)廣泛(fan)應(ying)用，電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)容量、安(an)全(quan)性、健康狀態與續航能(neng)力(li)日益(yi)成(cheng)為關注重(zhong)點，電(dian)池(chi)(chi)管理系統通(tong)過對(dui)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行(xing)監控與控制，可(ke)以將采(cai)集(ji)的(de)(de)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)實時(shi)反(fan)饋給用戶，同時(shi)根(gen)據采(cai)集(ji)的(de)(de)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)調節參(can)數，充分發(fa)揮電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)性能(neng)。

三、電池管理系統開發流程

1、電池管理系統開發的前期工作：電池管理系統的開發過程是從“確定BMS的拓撲結構”、“確定BMS的各項功能”、“動力電池特性測試”這三項工作開始的。2、電池管理系統軟硬件設計及實現：軟硬件設計及其實現是電池管理系統開發的主體工作，軟件的開發與硬件的開發工作是相輔相成的，即進行軟件開發的時候需要兼顧到各部分硬件的可執行為，而進行硬件設計的時候需要充分考慮到軟件算法復雜度。3、BMS單元測試及動力電池組整體測試：在完成電池管理系統硬件設計、制作以及軟件系統的編程、調試以后，所制訂的電池管理系統的各項基本功能就可以實現了。接下來需要做的就是大量的測試工作，其中包含BMS本身的單元測試以及整個動力電池組的整體測試。電池管理系統是一個比較復雜的系統，對開發要求較高，好的電池管理系統通常是專業的電池管理系統廠家開發出來的。

四、電池管理系統的工作原理是什么

電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)由電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)終端模(mo)塊(kuai)（主要(yao)進行數據(ju)采(cai)集，如：電(dian)(dian)壓參(can)數、電(dian)(dian)流參(can)數、溫度、通(tong)(tong)信(xin)信(xin)號等）、中間(jian)控制(zhi)模(mo)塊(kuai)（主要(yao)與整車(che)系(xi)統(tong)進行通(tong)(tong)訊，控制(zhi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)等）和顯示模(mo)塊(kuai)（主要(yao)進行數據(ju)呈現(xian)，實(shi)現(xian)人機(ji)交互(hu)）三部(bu)分組成，采(cai)用內(nei)部(bu)CAN總線技(ji)術實(shi)現(xian)模(mo)塊(kuai)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)數據(ju)信(xin)息通(tong)(tong)訊。電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)工作時，通(tong)(tong)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)終端模(mo)塊(kuai)檢測動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組中各單體電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)狀態來(lai)確定整個電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)狀態，并根(gen)據(ju)它們的(de)(de)(de)(de)狀態對(dui)動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)系(xi)統(tong)進行對(dui)應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)控制(zhi)調整和策略實(shi)施(shi)，實(shi)現(xian)對(dui)動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)系(xi)統(tong)及各單體的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)以保(bao)證動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)系(xi)統(tong)安全穩定地運行。