一、電池管理系統的基本功能

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)管理(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)進行監控(kong)與控(kong)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，將采集的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)實時(shi)反(fan)饋給用(yong)戶，同時(shi)根(gen)(gen)據采集的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)調節參(can)數(shu)，充(chong)(chong)分發揮(hui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性能(neng)(neng)(neng)，其功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)主要(yao)有：1、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)狀態分析：SOC估算是(shi)BMS的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核心(xin)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，同時(shi)也(ye)是(shi)評估電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車續(xu)航里程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)參(can)數(shu)。BMS通過(guo)遍布整個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)包的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳感器檢測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)參(can)數(shu)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)和溫(wen)度(du)等）信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)，由于探(tan)測(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)準確外加優(you)秀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)算法(fa)處(chu)(chu)理(li)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)剩余(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)就可以(yi)被非常準確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計算出(chu)來(lai)。2、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)安(an)全(quan)保護(hu)(hu)：BMS能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)營(ying)造良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運行環(huan)境(jing)。比如在寒冷(leng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地區，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效率(lv)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)，這個時(shi)候BMS會(hui)(hui)(hui)調用(yong)加熱系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)來(lai)讓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)升溫(wen)使(shi)(shi)其達到(dao)(dao)舒適的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)環(huan)境(jing)；如果(guo)在夏季(ji)或者(zhe)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)發熱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下，BMS會(hui)(hui)(hui)調用(yong)冷(leng)卻系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)降(jiang)(jiang)溫(wen)，利(li)用(yong)智能(neng)(neng)(neng)溫(wen)控(kong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)大大提高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽命(ming)(ming)。3、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)管理(li)：充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，BMS會(hui)(hui)(hui)把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)允許充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單體最(zui)(zui)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、最(zui)(zui)高(gao)總電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、最(zui)(zui)高(gao)溫(wen)度(du)、當前允許充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)、SOC以(yi)及(ji)當前電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)等信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)與充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備進行交互，從而使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)按照適配的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)和充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方法(fa)進行充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)處(chu)(chu)于高(gao)位后(hou)，BMS會(hui)(hui)(hui)限制充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，進入到(dao)(dao)“涓流(liu)(liu)模式”（使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)真正飽和、延長使(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽命(ming)(ming)），直到(dao)(dao)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程結束最(zui)(zui)后(hou)斷開連(lian)接。4、通信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)：BMS把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、溫(wen)度(du)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)、SOC等數(shu)據通過(guo)CAN通信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)傳遞，最(zui)(zui)終我們在儀(yi)表上才能(neng)(neng)(neng)很直觀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)看(kan)到(dao)(dao)續(xu)航里程、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)等信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)。不(bu)僅如此，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)管理(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)還能(neng)(neng)(neng)對故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)進行分析，通過(guo)相(xiang)關策(ce)略對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)進行保護(hu)(hu)和控(kong)制，同時(shi)讓故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)燈點(dian)亮以(yi)便提醒車主。5、故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)診(zhen)斷：除了(le)通信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)外，BMS還能(neng)(neng)(neng)起到(dao)(dao)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)診(zhen)斷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。BMS會(hui)(hui)(hui)根(gen)(gen)據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)參(can)數(shu)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)制定相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)閾值表，BMS通過(guo)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)閾值表對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)進行保護(hu)(hu)并上報故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)類型，方便后(hou)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)排(pai)查以(yi)及(ji)檢修維護(hu)(hu)。

二、電池管理系統的英文縮寫為什么

電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)管(guan)理系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)英(ying)文(wen)縮(suo)寫是BMS，它是英(ying)文(wen)BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM的(de)(de)(de)(de)首字母縮(suo)寫，翻譯過來就是電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)管(guan)理系統。隨著新能源電(dian)動汽車的(de)(de)(de)(de)廣泛應用(yong)，電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)容量、安全性、健康狀(zhuang)態與續航能力日(ri)益(yi)成為關(guan)注重點，電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)管(guan)理系統通(tong)過對電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)進行監控與控制，可以將采集的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)信息實時(shi)反饋給用(yong)戶(hu)，同時(shi)根據采集的(de)(de)(de)(de)信息調節參(can)數，充分發揮(hui)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)性能。

三、電池管理系統開發流程

1、電池管理系統開發的前期工作：電池管理系統的開發過程是從“確定BMS的拓撲結構”、“確定BMS的各項功能”、“動力電池特性測試”這三項工作開始的。2、電池管理系統軟硬件設計及實現：軟硬件設計及其實現是電池管理系統開發的主體工作，軟件的開發與硬件的開發工作是相輔相成的，即進行軟件開發的時候需要兼顧到各部分硬件的可執行為，而進行硬件設計的時候需要充分考慮到軟件算法復雜度。3、BMS單元測試及動力電池組整體測試：在完成電池管理系統硬件設計、制作以及軟件系統的編程、調試以后，所制訂的電池管理系統的各項基本功能就可以實現了。接下來需要做的就是大量的測試工作，其中包含BMS本身的單元測試以及整個動力電池組的整體測試。電池管理系統是一個比較復雜的系統，對開發要求較高，好的電池管理系統通常是專業的電池管理系統廠家開發出來的。

四、電池管理系統的工作原理是什么

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)管理(li)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)終端模(mo)塊（主要進行(xing)(xing)(xing)數(shu)據采(cai)集，如：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)參(can)數(shu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流參(can)數(shu)、溫度、通(tong)信信號(hao)等）、中間(jian)控(kong)制(zhi)模(mo)塊（主要與整(zheng)(zheng)車(che)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)通(tong)訊，控(kong)制(zhi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)等）和(he)顯(xian)示模(mo)塊（主要進行(xing)(xing)(xing)數(shu)據呈現(xian)，實(shi)現(xian)人機(ji)交互）三(san)部分組(zu)成，采(cai)用(yong)內部CAN總線技術實(shi)現(xian)模(mo)塊之間(jian)的(de)數(shu)據信息通(tong)訊。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)管理(li)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)工作時(shi)，通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)終端模(mo)塊檢測動(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組(zu)中各單(dan)體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)狀(zhuang)態來確(que)定整(zheng)(zheng)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)狀(zhuang)態，并根據它們(men)的(de)狀(zhuang)態對(dui)動(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)對(dui)應的(de)控(kong)制(zhi)調整(zheng)(zheng)和(he)策略(lve)實(shi)施(shi)，實(shi)現(xian)對(dui)動(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)及(ji)各單(dan)體的(de)充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)管理(li)以保證動(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)安(an)全穩定地運行(xing)(xing)(xing)。