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又稱桐木關小種/星村小種，世界上較早的紅茶，亦稱紅茶鼻祖，用松針或松柴熏制而成，茶葉呈灰黑色但茶湯為深琥珀色

正山(shan)小種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，又(you)稱(cheng)拉普(pu)山(shan)小種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，屬紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)類(lei)，與(yu)人工小種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)合稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)小種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。開(kai)創于福(fu)建省崇安縣（1989崇安撤縣設市，更(geng)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)武夷山(shan)市）桐木地區(qu)。是世界上(shang)較早的(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，亦稱(cheng)紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)鼻(bi)祖(zu)，至今已經有(you)400多年的(de)(de)歷史，由福(fu)建武夷山(shan)深(shen)處當地茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)農(nong)于明朝中后(hou)期機(ji)緣(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)下創制而成。后(hou)來在正山(shan)小種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)基礎上(shang)發展(zhan)了工夫紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。歷史上(shang)該茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)以星村(cun)為(wei)(wei)集散地，故又(you)稱(cheng)星村(cun)小種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。鴉片(pian)戰爭(zheng)后(hou)，帝國(guo)主(zhu)義入侵(qin)，國(guo)內外茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉市場競爭(zheng)激(ji)烈，出現正山(shan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)與(yu)外山(shan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)爭(zheng)，正山(shan)含(han)有(you)正統之(zhi)(zhi)意，因(yin)此(ci)得名(ming)。茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉是用松(song)針或松(song)柴熏制而成，有(you)著非常(chang)濃烈的(de)(de)香(xiang)味。因(yin)為(wei)(wei)熏制的(de)(de)原因(yin)，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉呈灰黑(hei)色(se)，但茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)湯為(wei)(wei)深(shen)琥珀色(se)。正山(shan)小種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)產地在福(fu)建省武夷山(shan)市，受原產地保護(hu)。

“正(zheng)山(shan)小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)”紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)一(yi)詞在歐(ou)洲(zhou)較(jiao)早稱 WUYI BOHEA，其中WUYI 是(shi)武夷的(de)(de)(de)(de)諧音；在歐(ou)洲(zhou)（英國(guo)(guo)）它(ta)(ta)是(shi)中國(guo)(guo)茶(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)象征，后因貿易(yi)繁榮，當地人(ren)為區別其它(ta)(ta)假冒的(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)（人(ren)工(gong)小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)或煙(yan)小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)）擾亂市(shi)場，故取名為“正(zheng)山(shan)小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)”，“正(zheng)山(shan)”指的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)桐(tong)木(mu)及與桐(tong)木(mu)周邊相同海拔；相同地域；用相同一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)傳統(tong)(tong)工(gong)藝制作；品質相同，獨具桂圓(yuan)湯味的(de)(de)(de)(de)統(tong)(tong)稱“正(zheng)山(shan)小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)”，“正(zheng)山(shan)”既指正(zheng)確正(zheng)宗的(de)(de)(de)(de)意義，而“小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)”是(shi)指其茶(cha)(cha)樹品種(zhong)(zhong)為小(xiao)葉(xie)種(zhong)(zhong)，且產地地域及產量受地域的(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)氣候(hou)所限之意；故“正(zheng)山(shan)小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)”又稱桐(tong)木(mu)關小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)。