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又稱桐木關小種/星村小種，世界上較早的紅茶，亦稱紅茶鼻祖，用松針或松柴熏制而成，茶葉呈灰黑色但茶湯為深琥珀色

正(zheng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)小種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，又稱拉普(pu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)小種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，屬紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)類(lei)，與人工小種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)合稱為(wei)小種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)。開(kai)創(chuang)于福建(jian)(jian)(jian)省(sheng)崇安(an)(an)縣（1989崇安(an)(an)撤縣設市(shi)(shi)，更名為(wei)武(wu)夷(yi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)市(shi)(shi)）桐木地(di)區。是世界上較早的紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)，亦稱紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)鼻祖，至今已經(jing)有(you)(you)400多年的歷史，由福建(jian)(jian)(jian)武(wu)夷(yi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)深處當地(di)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)農(nong)于明朝中后期機緣之下創(chuang)制(zhi)(zhi)而(er)成。后來(lai)在(zai)正(zheng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)小種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的基礎上發展(zhan)了工夫紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)。歷史上該茶(cha)(cha)(cha)以星村為(wei)集(ji)散地(di)，故又稱星村小種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。鴉片戰爭后，帝國(guo)(guo)主義(yi)入侵(qin)，國(guo)(guo)內外(wai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉市(shi)(shi)場競爭激烈(lie)，出現(xian)正(zheng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)與外(wai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)之爭，正(zheng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)含有(you)(you)正(zheng)統之意，因此得(de)名。茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉是用(yong)松(song)針(zhen)或(huo)松(song)柴(chai)熏(xun)制(zhi)(zhi)而(er)成，有(you)(you)著非(fei)常濃烈(lie)的香味。因為(wei)熏(xun)制(zhi)(zhi)的原因，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉呈灰(hui)黑色，但茶(cha)(cha)(cha)湯為(wei)深琥珀色。正(zheng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)小種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)產(chan)地(di)在(zai)福建(jian)(jian)(jian)省(sheng)武(wu)夷(yi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)市(shi)(shi)，受原產(chan)地(di)保(bao)護。

“正(zheng)(zheng)山(shan)(shan)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)”紅茶(cha)一詞在歐洲較早稱 WUYI BOHEA，其中WUYI 是武夷的(de)(de)諧音；在歐洲（英國）它是中國茶(cha)的(de)(de)象(xiang)征，后因(yin)貿(mao)易繁榮，當地(di)人為區別其它假(jia)冒的(de)(de)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)紅茶(cha)（人工小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)或煙(yan)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)）擾亂市場，故(gu)取名為“正(zheng)(zheng)山(shan)(shan)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)”，“正(zheng)(zheng)山(shan)(shan)”指的(de)(de)是桐木及與(yu)桐木周(zhou)邊(bian)相(xiang)同(tong)海拔；相(xiang)同(tong)地(di)域(yu)(yu)(yu)；用相(xiang)同(tong)一種(zhong)(zhong)傳統(tong)工藝(yi)制(zhi)作；品(pin)質相(xiang)同(tong)，獨具桂圓湯味的(de)(de)統(tong)稱“正(zheng)(zheng)山(shan)(shan)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)”，“正(zheng)(zheng)山(shan)(shan)”既(ji)指正(zheng)(zheng)確正(zheng)(zheng)宗的(de)(de)意義，而(er)“小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)”是指其茶(cha)樹品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)為小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)葉種(zhong)(zhong)，且產地(di)地(di)域(yu)(yu)(yu)及產量受地(di)域(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)氣候所(suo)限之意；故(gu)“正(zheng)(zheng)山(shan)(shan)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)”又稱桐木關小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)。