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又稱桐木關小種/星村小種，世界上較早的紅茶，亦稱紅茶鼻祖，用松針或松柴熏制而成，茶葉呈灰黑色但茶湯為深琥珀色

正山(shan)小(xiao)種，又稱拉(la)普(pu)山(shan)小(xiao)種，屬紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)類，與人工小(xiao)種合稱為(wei)小(xiao)種紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。開(kai)創(chuang)于福(fu)建省崇安縣(xian)（1989崇安撤縣(xian)設(she)市(shi)，更名為(wei)武(wu)夷(yi)山(shan)市(shi)）桐(tong)木地區。是(shi)世界上(shang)(shang)較早(zao)的紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，亦(yi)稱紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)鼻(bi)祖，至今已經有(you)400多年的歷史(shi)，由福(fu)建武(wu)夷(yi)山(shan)深(shen)處當地茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)農于明朝中后(hou)期(qi)機緣(yuan)之下創(chuang)制(zhi)而成。后(hou)來在正山(shan)小(xiao)種的基礎上(shang)(shang)發展(zhan)了工夫(fu)紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。歷史(shi)上(shang)(shang)該茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)以星村為(wei)集散地，故又稱星村小(xiao)種。鴉片戰爭(zheng)后(hou)，帝國主義入(ru)侵，國內外茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉市(shi)場競爭(zheng)激(ji)烈(lie)，出(chu)現正山(shan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)與外山(shan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之爭(zheng)，正山(shan)含有(you)正統(tong)之意，因(yin)此得名。茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉是(shi)用松針或松柴熏制(zhi)而成，有(you)著非常(chang)濃烈(lie)的香味(wei)。因(yin)為(wei)熏制(zhi)的原因(yin)，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉呈灰黑色，但茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)湯(tang)為(wei)深(shen)琥珀(po)色。正山(shan)小(xiao)種產地在福(fu)建省武(wu)夷(yi)山(shan)市(shi)，受原產地保護。

“正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)山(shan)(shan)小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”紅(hong)茶一詞(ci)在歐洲較早稱 WUYI BOHEA，其中WUYI 是(shi)(shi)武(wu)夷的諧音；在歐洲（英國(guo)）它是(shi)(shi)中國(guo)茶的象征，后因貿易繁榮，當地(di)(di)人為區(qu)別(bie)其它假冒的小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅(hong)茶（人工(gong)小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)或煙(yan)小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）擾亂(luan)市(shi)場，故(gu)(gu)取名(ming)為“正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)山(shan)(shan)小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”，“正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)山(shan)(shan)”指的是(shi)(shi)桐(tong)木(mu)及(ji)與桐(tong)木(mu)周(zhou)邊相(xiang)同海拔(ba)；相(xiang)同地(di)(di)域(yu)；用相(xiang)同一種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳統工(gong)藝(yi)制作；品質相(xiang)同，獨(du)具(ju)桂圓(yuan)湯味的統稱“正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)山(shan)(shan)小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”，“正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)山(shan)(shan)”既(ji)指正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)確正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)宗的意義(yi)，而(er)“小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”是(shi)(shi)指其茶樹品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為小(xiao)葉種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，且產地(di)(di)地(di)(di)域(yu)及(ji)產量受地(di)(di)域(yu)的小(xiao)氣候所限之意；故(gu)(gu)“正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)山(shan)(shan)小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”又稱桐(tong)木(mu)關小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。