甌(ou)劇(ju)已有(you)三(san)百多年歷史,較(jiao)有(you)影響的傳統劇(ju)目(mu)有(you)《高機與吳三(san)春》、《陽河摘印》以及創作(zuo)的現代戲《東海小哨兵》等(deng)(deng)。甌(ou)劇(ju)的音樂除(chu)亂彈(dan)外,還有(you)高腔(qiang)、昆(kun)曲、徽戲、皮黃(huang)等(deng)(deng)劇(ju)種(zhong)的唱(chang)腔(qiang)曲調,十分(fen)豐富多彩。甌(ou)劇(ju)唱(chang)腔(qiang)分(fen)“正亂彈(dan)”和“反(fan)亂彈(dan)”;正亂彈(dan)主要(yao)曲調有(you)[慢亂彈(dan)]、[二漢]、[玉麒(qi)]、[流(liu)(liu)水]、[小桃(tao)紅]等(deng)(deng);反(fan)亂彈(dan)有(you)[錦翠]、[洛(luo)梆子]、[反(fan)流(liu)(liu)水]、[反(fan)緊板]等(deng)(deng)。
溫州是宋代(dai)南戲(xi)的(de)發源(yuan)地。明(ming)代(dai)以后,高(gao)腔、昆腔流行(xing)于浙江(jiang)南部,明(ming)末清(qing)(qing)初,溫州的(de)戲(xi)班以演(yan)唱高(gao)腔和昆腔為主(zhu),亂(luan)彈(dan)腔傳(chuan)入(ru)后,逐(zhu)漸兼唱“高(gao)”、“昆”、“亂(luan)”。當(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)溫州一(yi)(yi)帶農(nong)村流行(xing)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)半職業(ye)性的(de)“三月班”,農(nong)閑時(shi)(shi)(shi)結(jie)班做(zuo)戲(xi)。農(nong)忙時(shi)(shi)(shi)務農(nong)。這(zhe)種(zhong)班社(she)起初僅有八個(ge)演(yan)員,只能演(yan)出《浪(lang)子(zi)踢球(qiu)》、《賣胭脂》等小戲(xi),在演(yan)出角色較多的(de)劇目時(shi)(shi)(shi),則采(cai)取跑角、兼角辦法(fa)。后逐(zhu)漸發展成(cheng)為職業(ye)性班社(she)。清(qing)(qing)代(dai)中葉,溫州的(de)戲(xi)班又(you)吸收了徽(hui)調、灘簧和時(shi)(shi)(shi)調,逐(zhu)漸發展成(cheng)為多聲腔的(de)劇種(zhong),并出現規(gui)模較大的(de)職業(ye)班社(she)。但此時(shi)(shi)(shi)演(yan)唱昆腔、高(gao)腔者漸少,而以亂(luan)彈(dan)腔“正亂(luan)彈(dan)”、“反亂(luan)彈(dan)”為主(zhu)。
據史料(liao)考證,溫州一帶最(zui)早(zao)的(de)亂彈班(ban)(ban)是(shi)以洪全(quan)本為(wei)班(ban)(ban)主(zhu)(zhu)的(de)“老(lao)錦秀(xiu)”班(ban)(ban),成(cheng)立于(yu)清(qing)乾隆年間(jian)(1736-1795)。老(lao)錦秀(xiu)班(ban)(ban)是(shi)具多種聲腔(qiang)而以亂彈腔(qiang)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)的(de)班(ban)(ban)社,能演八十四本大(da)戲(xi),成(cheng)為(wei)后來溫州亂彈固定的(de)傳統(tong)劇目。清(qing)嘉慶(1796-1820)年間(jian),班(ban)(ban)社有日秀(xiu)、三星、小春花(hua)、八永義等。
道(dao)光(1821-1850)時(shi),溫州一帶(dai)商業、手(shou)工業更(geng)加繁(fan)榮,人口(kou)激增(zeng),班(ban)社一度發展到三(san)十余個,主要班(ban)社有新益奇、竹馬(ma)歌、老同慶(qing)(qing)、新聯奇、新同慶(qing)(qing)、大三(san)異、大吉慶(qing)(qing)、小同慶(qing)(qing)等(deng)。活動區域除浙(zhe)南的溫州、臺州(治今(jin)臨海)、處州(轄今(jin)浙(zhe)江麗水(shui)、縉云、青田、遂昌、龍泉、龍和等(deng)縣)外,還(huan)遠及閩北、贛東北等(deng)地,相(xiang)當繁(fan)盛。
宣統(tong)二年(1910)后(hou)(hou),京(jing)劇(ju)(ju)(ju)開始(shi)在(zai)溫(wen)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)流行,溫(wen)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)亂彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)開始(shi)衰落。二十世紀三十年代,大部分(fen)班社解體(ti),致使溫(wen)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)亂彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)一蹶不振,到40年代,僅(jin)存(cun)老鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)玉、新(xin)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)玉、勝(sheng)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)玉三個班社。建(jian)國后(hou)(hou),有關(guan)部門將老鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)玉、新(xin)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)玉、勝(sheng)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)玉三個班社合并(bing)組成勝(sheng)利(li)亂彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)劇(ju)(ju)(ju)團(tuan)。1950年后(hou)(hou)又先后(hou)(hou)成立“更新(xin)”、“紅星”等班,1955年合并(bing)為溫(wen)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)亂彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)劇(ju)(ju)(ju)團(tuan)。1959年溫(wen)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)亂彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)更名甌(ou)劇(ju)(ju)(ju),溫(wen)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)亂彈(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)劇(ju)(ju)(ju)團(tuan)也(ye)改稱(cheng)為溫(wen)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)地區甌(ou)劇(ju)(ju)(ju)團(tuan)。
甌劇唱(chang)做(zuo)(zuo)并重,文武兼(jian)備,以(yi)做(zuo)(zuo)工見長。武戲(xi)吸收民間拳術和武技,緊(jin)湊、驚險(xian)。所用語言為溫(wen)州官話,唯(wei)丑腳(jiao)用溫(wen)州方言。
甌(ou)劇(ju)(ju)的音(yin)樂唱腔(qiang)由高(gao)腔(qiang)、昆腔(qiang)、亂(luan)彈、徽調(diao)、灘簧、時調(diao)等多種(zhong)聲腔(qiang)構成,現代(dai)甌(ou)劇(ju)(ju)以唱亂(luan)彈腔(qiang)為主,兼唱他腔(qiang)。一(yi)劇(ju)(ju)中兼唱幾種(zhong)不(bu)同聲腔(qiang),表(biao)演(yan)上已形(xing)成統一(yi)的藝(yi)術風格(ge),具有(you)樸素、明快、粗獷而(er)細膩(ni)的特點(dian)。傳統曲(qu)牌(pai)有(you)一(yi)千(qian)多支。因長(chang)期活(huo)動于農村(cun)山鄉,表(biao)演(yan)上生活(huo)氣息濃厚,形(xing)式上格(ge)律不(bu)嚴。
甌劇的高(gao)腔,音樂(le)結構為曲牌聯套(tao)體,僅以鑼鼓助節,無管(guan)弦樂(le)器伴奏(zou)(個別劇目,如(ru)《磨房串戲(xi)》和《循環報》中,有(you)一段有(you)管(guan)弦伴奏(zou))。演(yan)出(chu)時,一人(ren)獨(du)唱,眾人(ren)幫腔,音調高(gao)亢,風(feng)格粗(cu)獷。不少曲牌頻繁使用宮調交(jiao)替和轉換(huan)手(shou)法,形成特有(you)風(feng)格。
甌劇的(de)(de)(de)亂(luan)(luan)彈,分為正(zheng)(zheng)亂(luan)(luan)彈和(he)反(fan)(fan)亂(luan)(luan)彈兩種,均為板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)變化(hua)體(ti) 結(jie)構(gou)(gou)。定調(diao)(diao)正(zheng)(zheng)、反(fan)(fan)相(xiang)差5度,各有(you)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、疊板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、緊(jin)(jin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、流(liu)(liu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)起板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、抽板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、煞板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)等變化(hua),并有(you)“洛梆子(zi)”、“二漢(han)”等其(qi)他(ta)(ta)曲調(diao)(diao)。亂(luan)(luan)彈腔(qiang)曲調(diao)(diao)華彩,優(you)美動聽(ting),由(you)于用中原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)音(yin)韻(yun)結(jie)合溫州方言演(yan)唱(chang),唱(chang)腔(qiang)具有(you)地方特色。在甌劇“正(zheng)(zheng)宗”的(de)(de)(de)傳統亂(luan)(luan)彈大戲中,大都唱(chang)正(zheng)(zheng)亂(luan)(luan)彈。故(gu)正(zheng)(zheng)亂(luan)(luan)彈一(yi)向被稱(cheng)為“祖音(yin)源流(liu)(liu)”或“主(zhu)音(yin)源流(liu)(liu)”。它與(yu)(yu)(yu)當地民(min)間(jian)音(yin)樂(le)有(you)明顯(xian)聯(lian)系。作為亂(luan)(luan)彈腔(qiang)基本板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)腔(qiang)之一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)“原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)”為上(shang)下句結(jie)構(gou)(gou),明亮剛健,可(ke)(ke)(ke)變性大,既(ji)可(ke)(ke)(ke)表現歡快(kuai)感情,又能抒發(fa)低沉的(de)(de)(de)情緒。反(fan)(fan)調(diao)(diao)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)在節奏(zou)與(yu)(yu)(yu)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)上(shang),與(yu)(yu)(yu)正(zheng)(zheng)調(diao)(diao)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)相(xiang)似(si),僅較正(zheng)(zheng)調(diao)(diao)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平柔委(wei)婉,調(diao)(diao)式(shi)也(ye)不同(tong)。正(zheng)(zheng)、反(fan)(fan)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban),均可(ke)(ke)(ke)單(dan)獨演(yan)唱(chang),也(ye)常與(yu)(yu)(yu)疊板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、流(liu)(liu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)等板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)聯(lian)結(jie)使用。正(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)是氣氛(fen)喧囂(xiao),適宜于悲哀的(de)(de)(de)感情,可(ke)(ke)(ke)單(dan)獨使用,亦(yi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)與(yu)(yu)(yu)其(qi)他(ta)(ta)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)作聯(lian)接。流(liu)(liu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)與(yu)(yu)(yu)緊(jin)(jin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)旋(xuan)律基本相(xiang)同(tong),緊(jin)(jin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)以散板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)形式(shi)演(yan)唱(chang),流(liu)(liu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)以1/4節拍(pai)快(kuai)速演(yan)唱(chang)。在演(yan)唱(chang)中,伴以大鑼大鼓(gu)。反(fan)(fan)流(liu)(liu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)唱(chang)腔(qiang)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)和(he)演(yan)唱(chang)方法與(yu)(yu)(yu)正(zheng)(zheng)流(liu)(liu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)同(tong),但比前者激越高亢。
甌劇音樂樸素、明快、流暢,表(biao)現(xian)力很強,能細致地表(biao)達各(ge)種人物內心復(fu)雜感情。
甌劇語(yu)音(yin)(yin)是(shi)溫(wen)州方言加中州韻。俗稱“亂彈(dan)白(bai)”或(huo)“書(shu)面溫(wen)語(yu)”(溫(wen)州官(guan)話)。旦角以(yi)假嗓(sang)(又稱陽喉(hou))為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu),真(zhen)假聲結合;小生(sheng)則以(yi)真(zhen)假嗓(sang)結合,以(yi)本嗓(sang)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu),謂之“子(zi)母(mu)喉(hou)”(也(ye)叫雌雄喉(hou),陰(yin)陽喉(hou));大花多用咋音(yin)(yin);老生(sheng)、老旦用本嗓(sang);老生(sheng)多用“堂音(yin)(yin)”、“虎音(yin)(yin)”,老旦多用腦后音(yin)(yin)。
伴(ban)(ban)奏樂(le)器,以笛子為(wei)正吹,板胡(舊稱“副吹”)為(wei)主要伴(ban)(ban)奏樂(le)器。此(ci)外,尚有(you)琵(pi)琶(pa)、三弦、月(yue)琴(qin)(qin)、揚琴(qin)(qin)、二胡、中胡、大胡、笙、簫、嗩吶、長號、蘆管、牛(niu)筋(jin)琴(qin)(qin)等。
甌(ou)(ou)劇(ju)的(de)(de)廣場曲牌有(you)絲(si)竹曲和嗩吶曲兩種(zhong)。多(duo)能伴以各種(zhong)鑼鼓,富有(you)地方(fang)色彩。其中〔什錦頭通(tong)〕、〔西(xi)皮(pi)頭通(tong)〕、〔一封書〕,為甌(ou)(ou)劇(ju)著名的(de)(de)“三大(da)頭通(tong)”。
甌(ou)劇的(de)(de)表演(yan)(yan),唱(chang)做(zuo)并重,以做(zuo)功(gong)(gong)見長(chang)。如(ru)小(xiao)生(sheng)可分窮(qiong)生(sheng)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)、風(feng)雅戲(xi)(xi)(xi)、花(hua)戲(xi)(xi)(xi)、箭袍戲(xi)(xi)(xi)、雌雄戲(xi)(xi)(xi)、(童(tong)生(sheng))戲(xi)(xi)(xi)、胡子戲(xi)(xi)(xi)。在《陳州(zhou)擂》、《玉(yu)麒(qi)麝》等(deng)劇中,翻(fan)撲跌打(da),一應俱全。小(xiao)旦有(you)(you)(you)悲、花(hua)、潑、癲、唱(chang)、武(wu) 等(deng)六類戲(xi)(xi)(xi);花(hua)旦須兼(jian)演(yan)(yan)刀馬(ma)旦,有(you)(you)(you)時(shi)還(huan)要反串武(wu)小(xiao)生(sheng),如(ru)《哪咤(zha)鬧海》中的(de)(de)哪咤(zha),是花(hua)旦的(de)(de)重頭戲(xi)(xi)(xi)。二(er)花(hua)兼(jian)演(yan)(yan)武(wu)花(hua)臉(lian),如(ru):《紫陽觀》中杜(du)青(qing),要有(you)(you)(you)“飛(fei)腿”、“倒爬”、“水(shui)雞(ji)步(bu)(bu)(bu)”、“虎跳”等(deng)武(wu)功(gong)(gong)表演(yan)(yan)。此外,如(ru)小(xiao)生(sheng)的(de)(de)“麻雀步(bu)(bu)(bu)”;旦腳(jiao)(jiao)的(de)(de)“寸步(bu)(bu)(bu)”、“跌步(bu)(bu)(bu)”、“三(san)腳(jiao)(jiao)”以及小(xiao)花(hua)的(de)(de)“踢球”、“飛(fei)鑼”、帽功(gong)(gong)、扇(shan)功(gong)(gong)等(deng),均有(you)(you)(you)獨到之處(chu)。由于(yu)甌(ou)劇長(chang)期(qi)活動于(yu)農村,表演(yan)(yan)具有(you)(you)(you)樸(pu)素,明快和粗獷的(de)(de)風(feng)格(ge)。甌(ou)劇的(de)(de)武(wu)戲(xi)(xi)(xi),更具獨特風(feng)格(ge),吸收(shou)民間拳術而成的(de)(de)“打(da)短手”、“手面跟頭”,演(yan)(yan)員赤手空拳,互(hu)相搏斗,時(shi)翻(fan)時(shi)跌,動作緊湊(cou)。“打(da)臺面”中的(de)(de)“上高”、“脫圈”、“銜蛋(dan)”等(deng)技(ji)巧,亦頗驚(jing)險。其它(ta)如(ru)三(san)節棍、梅花(hua)棍、對于(yu)連環(即“藤(teng)牌陳”)等(deng)武(wu)技(ji),均頗有(you)(you)(you)特色。其他表演(yan)(yan)特技(ji)如(ru)《神州(zhou)擂》的(de)(de)箭,《火焰山(shan)》的(de)(de)扇(shan),《北湖(hu)州(zhou)》的(de)(de)叉,《打(da)店》的(de)(de)枷,以及小(xiao)生(sheng)的(de)(de)“麻雀步(bu)(bu)(bu)”、旦腳(jiao)(jiao)的(de)(de)“寸步(bu)(bu)(bu)”、“跌步(bu)(bu)(bu)”、“三(san)腳(jiao)(jiao)步(bu)(bu)(bu)”,青(qing)衣的(de)(de)“背尸”等(deng),都具特色。
甌劇(ju)在(zai)清(qing)光緒以(yi)前,只有(you)“上四腳 ”(生(sheng)、旦(dan)(dan)(dan)、凈、丑(chou))和(he)“下四腳”(外(wai)、貼(tie)、副、末)八(ba)個腳色(se);清(qing)光緒以(yi)后(hou),隨著(zhu)劇(ju)目發展(zhan)的需要,行當越分越細,發展(zhan)為(wei)三(san)堂十六(liu)腳,即白(bai)臉堂:小(xiao)生(sheng)、正(zheng)生(sheng)、老外(wai)、武(wu)生(sheng)、四白(bai)臉;旦(dan)(dan)(dan)堂:當學旦(dan)(dan)(dan)、正(zheng)旦(dan)(dan)(dan)、花(hua)旦(dan)(dan)(dan)、老旦(dan)(dan)(dan)、三(san)手旦(dan)(dan)(dan)、拜堂旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(小(xiao)旦(dan)(dan)(dan));花(hua)臉堂:大花(hua)、二花(hua)、四花(hua)、小(xiao)花(hua)、武(wu)大花(hua)。
初時(shi)甌(ou)劇角(jiao)色以生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)(wei)主,稱為(wei)(wei)正(zheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),扮(ban)演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)中、青年男(nan)子(zi)。外(wai)(wai)(老(lao)外(wai)(wai)),系“生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)外(wai)(wai)之生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”,專扮(ban)演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)老(lao)年男(nan)子(zi);末為(wei)(wei)“生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)之末”,扮(ban)演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)中、老(lao)年男(nan)子(zi)中的(de)(de)(de)配角(jiao);小(xiao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)原(yuan)只(zhi)扮(ban)演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)青年男(nan)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)配角(jiao),生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)行一般(ban)俊(jun)扮(ban)不涂花臉,故(gu)又稱“白(bai)面堂(tang)(tang)”,但(dan)也(ye)有(you)(you)少數開花臉的(de)(de)(de)戲(xi)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)行早期尚有(you)(you)小(xiao)外(wai)(wai)、小(xiao)末等腳色,亦即后(hou)來的(de)(de)(de)“四白(bai)臉”,是生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)中扮(ban)演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)次(ci)而又次(ci)角(jiao)色者(zhe)。清中葉以后(hou),亂彈、皮簧勃(bo)興,描寫男(nan)女愛情婚姻的(de)(de)(de)戲(xi)增多,小(xiao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)由次(ci)要變為(wei)(wei)主要,正(zheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成為(wei)(wei)老(lao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)專稱。自(zi)(zi)此(ci),生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)行基(ji)本(ben)上形成小(xiao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、老(lao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、老(lao)外(wai)(wai)、副末四行當的(de)(de)(de)格局。但(dan)仍無文(wen)武之分(fen),要求演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)員文(wen)武不擋(dang),做打皆精。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)行的(de)(de)(de)唱(chang)法,老(lao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)用“堂(tang)(tang)喉(hou)”(本(ben)嗓),講究(jiu)嗓音渾奪取(qu)明亮,吐字清楚,噴口有(you)(you)力,有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)則用“小(xiao)堂(tang)(tang)喉(hou)”(高音區運(yun)用假嗓),有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)腔句往往翻(fan)高八度(du)演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)唱(chang)(如〔撥(bo)子(zi)〕翻(fan)高,稱為(wei)(wei)“撥(bo)子(zi)高唱(chang)”),聽來飄逸洪亮,別具一格。老(lao)外(wai)(wai)均用堂(tang)(tang)喉(hou),講究(jiu)嗓音蒼(cang)勁渾厚,以聲如洪鐘者(zhe)為(wei)(wei)佳。副末亦同。小(xiao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)原(yuan)用“雌雄喉(hou)”(真假嗓并(bing)用,轉(zhuan)折明顯(xian)),演(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)唱(chang)中能結合(he)和諧者(zhe)甚(shen)少,自(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)女小(xiao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)后(hou),真假嗓運(yun)用始(shi)自(zi)(zi)然優(you)美。
甌劇很早就形成大(da)(da)(da)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(凈)、二(er)(er)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(副(fu)(fu))、三花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(即小(xiao)(xiao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian),丑(chou))、四(si)(si)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)等(deng)四(si)(si)色(se)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)格局,后(hou)期(qi)由于角色(se)增多(duo)(duo),開始增添一(yi)些花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)腳色(se),如 “武大(da)(da)(da)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)”等(deng)。大(da)(da)(da)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)所(suo)扮演(yan)的(de)角色(se)較(jiao)多(duo)(duo),有忠有奸(jian),有正有反,上至(zhi)帝王權(quan)貴(gui),下至(zhi)乞(qi)兒龜(gui)奴(nu),幾乎無(wu)(wu)其(qi)(qi)不有。若以其(qi)(qi)所(suo)抹(mo)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)區分,計有紅(hong)(hong)、黑(hei)、白(bai)(bai)、花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)四(si)(si)類(lei)。紅(hong)(hong)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)多(duo)(duo)為(wei)英勇忠義(yi)之士,黑(hei)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)多(duo)(duo)為(wei)憨(han)直剛(gang)毅(yi)之人(ren),白(bai)(bai)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)多(duo)(duo)為(wei)奸(jian)刁(diao)卑俗之徒,花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(雜色(se)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian))多(duo)(duo)為(wei)兇殘邪惡之輩(bei)。二(er)(er)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)介(jie)于凈、丑(chou)之間,亦凈亦丑(chou),亦文亦武,二(er)(er)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(副(fu)(fu))擅飾(shi)憨(han)厚蠢笨的(de)角色(se)。小(xiao)(xiao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(丑(chou)),舊俗在戲(xi)班中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)地位(wei)最(zui)高,能代表(biao)老郎(lang)(戲(xi)神)在班中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)執(zhi)法。其(qi)(qi)扮演(yan)的(de)角色(se),忠奸(jian)善惡,男(nan)女(nv)老少,且文武不擋,無(wu)(wu)所(suo)不包。小(xiao)(xiao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)亦兼(jian)演(yan)彩旦,如《碧(bi)桃(tao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)牢婆(po),《牡丹(dan)記》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)皮氏等(deng)。四(si)(si)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian),為(wei)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)行的(de)次要腳色(se),如《水(shui)擒龐德》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),大(da)(da)(da)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)飾(shi)關羽,二(er)(er)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)飾(shi)周(zhou)倉,四(si)(si)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)則(ze)(ze)飾(shi)龐德;《碧(bi)桃(tao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)飾(shi)牢婆(po),四(si)(si)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)則(ze)(ze)飾(shi)配角牢頭。四(si)(si)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)在較(jiao)多(duo)(duo)戲(xi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)則(ze)(ze)扮演(yan)奴(nu)仆、家將、皂吏(li)、報(bao)子之類(lei)。大(da)(da)(da)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)唱念均用(yong)(yong)大(da)(da)(da)嗓(sang)(sang),不僅要求聲(sheng)音洪亮,而且要有翻滾之聲(sheng),因聲(sheng)如滾雷隆隆和巨浪(lang)翻騰,稱為(wei)“滾喉(hou)(hou)”,亦稱“水(shui)底(di)翻”。小(xiao)(xiao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)用(yong)(yong)“堂(tang)喉(hou)(hou)”(真嗓(sang)(sang)),但說白(bai)(bai)常用(yong)(yong)“子喉(hou)(hou)”(假嗓(sang)(sang))與“堂(tang)喉(hou)(hou)”結合(he),有時突(tu)然翻高八度,以增強風趣詼(hui)諧(xie)的(de)效果。二(er)(er)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)用(yong)(yong)嗓(sang)(sang)近于大(da)(da)(da)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian),四(si)(si)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)則(ze)(ze)與小(xiao)(xiao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)接近。
早(zao)時(shi)只有(you)旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(正旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan))、貼(亦稱(cheng)(cheng)作旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan))、夫(fu)(老旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan))和小旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)四色(se)(se)(se),正旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)與正生(sheng)相配(pei)(pei)(pei)為男(nan)女(nv)主角(jiao)。清中(zhong)(zhong)葉后,正旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)地位為花(hua)(hua)旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)所代替,與小生(sheng)相配(pei)(pei)(pei),成為男(nan)女(nv)主角(jiao),正旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)則(ze)成為專(zhuan)(zhuan)飾中(zhong)(zhong)年(nian)婦女(nv)的(de)配(pei)(pei)(pei)角(jiao)。后因武(wu)(wu)戲(xi)增(zeng)多,又添(tian)(tian)“武(wu)(wu)小旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)”一(yi)色(se)(se)(se)。清末以后,旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)戲(xi)增(zeng)加,各(ge)劇種又都增(zeng)添(tian)(tian)了“三(san)手旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)”(或稱(cheng)(cheng)“三(san)梁(liang)旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)”)一(yi)色(se)(se)(se);使(shi)旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)行(xing)多至(zhi)七(qi)個腳色(se)(se)(se)。花(hua)(hua)旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)專(zhuan)(zhuan)演年(nian)青女(nv)子,唱做俱重,文武(wu)(wu)兼能。因其(qi)在許多戲(xi)中(zhong)(zhong)挑(tiao)大梁(liang);因而(er)有(you)人稱(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)為“大梁(liang)旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)”、“當家旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)”。貼旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)亦稱(cheng)(cheng)作旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan),亦扮演年(nian)青女(nv)子,常為花(hua)(hua)旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)之(zhi)(zhi)配(pei)(pei)(pei)角(jiao),故(gu)有(you)人稱(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)為“二梁(liang)旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)”。但貼旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)專(zhuan)(zhuan)工唱,花(hua)(hua)旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)更重做,故(gu)貼旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)仍有(you)其(qi)所長(chang)和特色(se)(se)(se)。如《西(xi)廂(xiang)記》中(zhong)(zhong)花(hua)(hua)旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)飾紅娘,貼旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)則(ze)飾崔(cui)鶯鶯。正旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)主要演中(zhong)(zhong)年(nian)婦女(nv),還常兼演次(ci)要小生(sheng),武(wu)(wu)小旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)專(zhuan)(zhuan)演旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)腳武(wu)(wu)打戲(xi),如《打店》中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)孫(sun)二娘,《白蛇傳》中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)小青等。老旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)專(zhuan)(zhuan)演老年(nian)婦人,有(you)時(shi)兼演其(qi)它角(jiao)色(se)(se)(se)。三(san)梁(liang)旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(三(san)手旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan))為旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)腳中(zhong)(zhong)次(ci)而(er)又次(ci)者,常演一(yi)些(xie)丫(ya)鬟、宮(gong)女(nv)等角(jiao)色(se)(se)(se)。小旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)因每戲(xi)結尾大團圓時(shi),常頭披紅巾充新娘拜堂,故(gu)又稱(cheng)(cheng)“拜堂旦(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)”,多由學徒擔任。
甌(ou)劇(ju)(ju)臉(lian)譜(pu)(pu),既(ji)雷同于兄弟劇(ju)(ju)種,又有(you)別于他者,是(shi)同中有(you)異。其臉(lian)譜(pu)(pu)譜(pu)(pu)式,名目繁多,名稱各異,在(zai)甌(ou)劇(ju)(ju)中,大體上(shang)是(shi): [3]
三(san)塊瓦臉( 北方稱“三(san)塊窩”):基本特(te)征是將臉較明顯分(fen)為三(san)“塊”故名。金臉:多為神佛(fo),如(ru):如(ru)來佛(fo)、雷公(gong)等。
花(hua)臉(lian):如張飛、牛皋(gao)、司馬(ma)師等;甌劇中(zhong)還有(you)個巾幗英雄(xiong)畫花(hua)臉(lian),即《四國(guo)齊》中(zhong)的(de)鐘(zhong)離春。
歪臉(lian):如鄭(zheng)子明(ming)(因(yin)狩(shou)獵被熊所傷(shang)傷(shang),臉(lian)留爪痕)。
陰陽臉:如《鳳臺關》中的胡福,譜式為半邊青半邊白(bai),連髯口也黑白(bai)各(ge)半,陰陽分明。
動物臉(lian):如孫悟空、金錢豹、婁阿鼠以及《鐵桶城(cheng)》中臉(lian)畫青蛙的黃模等。
碎花臉:其特(te)點為勾圖繁碎而(er)復雜,如《馬武奪魁》中的(de)馬武等。
文(wen)字(zi)(zi)臉(lian):特點是在額(e)上(shang)畫(hua)出(chu)鮮明文(wen)字(zi)(zi),如(ru)《盜金(jin)(jin)鈴(ling)》中(zhong)的竇(dou)一虎,文(wen)字(zi)(zi)臉(lian):特點是在額(e)上(shang)畫(hua)出(chu)鮮明文(wen)字(zi)(zi),如(ru)《盜金(jin)(jin)鈴(ling)》中(zhong)的竇(dou)一虎,額(e)頭(tou)畫(hua)一草體“虎”字(zi)(zi);《雙救駕》中(zhong)的吳漢,于額(e)頭(tou)畫(hua)一正楷“孝”字(zi)(zi)。
附(fu)(加(jia))件(jian)臉: 從儺(nuo)舞面具的衍化脫變或改(gai)良,除勾畫(hua)外,并(bing)局部借助于額(e)頭、鼻子(zi)或下顎等處的附(fu)加(jia)部件(jian),以改(gai)變和突顯某些局部部位。
豆腐(fu)塊臉(lian) (俗稱“白鼻頭”):多用于小花臉(lian)(丑)行之正(zheng)、反面人物。
臉(lian)譜譜式豐(feng)富多(duo)樣、用色變(bian)化絢麗(li)、手法巧妙,堪稱中國戲曲藝術一絕。而(er)所有這些臉(lian)譜,都必須(xu)與髯口(kou)、盔甲、服裝、鞋(xie)靴乃至道(dao)具(ju)等綜合配(pei)“套”,才形成完美的(de)藝術統一體;同時,又往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)于(yu)特(te)(te)定人物(wu)的(de)特(te)(te)定人物(wu)的(de)特(te)(te)定時間、特(te)(te)定事(shi)件,以及身份、年齡和(he)地位的(de)變(bian)化分不開,并伴(ban)隨著(zhu)變(bian)化而(er)變(bian)化著(zhu)。臉(lian)譜具(ju)有傳神、夸張、寓意、裝飾和(he)褒貶、懲惡揚善的(de)功能。
粉(fen)白(bai)臉 (白(bai)臉的(de)別稱):如曹(cao)操、張邦昌(chang)、嚴嵩等權(quan)貴佞臣。
紅臉:多為正面(mian)人物、忠臣(chen)良(liang)賢,如關云(yun)長、趙(zhao)匡胤(yin)等。
黑臉:忠(zhong)臣(chen)賢相等正面人(ren)物,如包拯(zheng)。
女,1931年(nian)2月(yue)生(sheng),溫(wen)(wen)州(zhou)市(shi)人(ren)。甌(ou)(ou)劇(ju)(ju)老(lao)一(yi)代著名(ming)表(biao)演藝術家。出(chu)生(sheng)于梨園(yuan)世家。12歲因生(sheng)活所迫開始學藝,解放前先后(hou)在“新(xin)(xin)鳳(feng)玉”亂彈班(ban)習藝,其后(hou)又入“大高星”、“勝福連”、“新(xin)(xin)陽春”、“新(xin)(xin)紅玉”等班(ban)社從(cong)藝。解放后(hou),參加溫(wen)(wen)州(zhou)勝利亂彈劇(ju)(ju)團,1959年(nian)更名(ming)為(wei)(wei)溫(wen)(wen)州(zhou)甌(ou)(ou)劇(ju)(ju)團,并作為(wei)(wei)劇(ju)(ju)種名(ming)稱(cheng)行(xing)于世。她(ta)長期擔任甌(ou)(ou)劇(ju)(ju)團團長,退(tui)休后(hou)仍為(wei)(wei)甌(ou)(ou)劇(ju)(ju)團顧問(wen)。她(ta)是(shi):中國戲劇(ju)(ju)家協會會員、浙江劇(ju)(ju)協二(er)、三屆(jie)(jie)理事、浙江三屆(jie)(jie)人(ren)大代表(biao)、省六屆(jie)(jie)政協委員、省二(er)屆(jie)(jie)文聯(lian)委員、全國第三次(ci)文代會代表(biao)、溫(wen)(wen)州(zhou)市(shi)二(er)屆(jie)(jie)文聯(lian)委員、市(shi)二(er)屆(jie)(jie)劇(ju)(ju)協副主席(xi),后(hou)為(wei)(wei)顧問(wen)。
數十(shi)年舞(wu)臺(tai)(tai)生涯(ya),她先(xian)后(hou)主演了《佛靈寺》、《販馬記》、《蝴蝶杯》、《昆山縣令》、《玉簪記》、《碧(bi)玉簪》、《鐘離娘娘》、《高機與吳三春(chun)》及現代戲《紅梅贊(zan)》(《江(jiang)姐》)、《洪湖赤衛隊》、《送肥記》等數以百(bai)計的古今婦女舞(wu)臺(tai)(tai)藝術形象,最為膾炙人口的《高機與吳三春(chun)》,被譽(yu)為浙南(nan)溫(wen)(wen)州的“梁山伯(bo)與祝英臺(tai)(tai)”。1954年,以《賣綃(xiao)會》一折獲華東地區表(biao)演三等獎,她先(xian)后(hou)多次獲浙江(jiang)省、溫(wen)(wen)州地、市表(biao)演一等獎。其表(biao)演風范、演唱行腔,形成特有(you)的柔美與韻味。
作為甌(ou)劇老一(yi)代表(biao)演女旦角(jiao)(過去是男旦)藝術家,先(xian)后(hou)為甌(ou)劇培養的學生有(you)一(yi)級(ji)演員(yuan)翁墨珊,二級(ji)演員(yuan)謝菲菲、馮彩秋及洪永娟等藝術(旦角(jiao))表(biao)演骨干,對于(yu)甌(ou)劇的傳承至關(guan)重要。
作(zuo)為(wei)團長和(he)繼王蘭香之(zhi)后的(de)(de)(de)甌(ou)劇(ju)女(nv)(nv)性旦(dan)角演(yan)(yan)(yan)員,她(ta)深惑甌(ou)劇(ju)中亂(luan)彈腔唱調(diao)(diao),那歷(li)來(lai)男(nan)女(nv)(nv)演(yan)(yan)(yan)員同工(gong)同調(diao)(diao)的(de)(de)(de)舊習(xi)非改不(bu)可;因此她(ta)數十年如一日地積極支持和(he)配(pei)合甌(ou)劇(ju)第一代表作(zuo)曲(qu)家李子敏先(xian)生對音樂進行(xing)改革,經長期實踐,解(jie)決即(ji)確立甌(ou)劇(ju)亂(luan)彈腔唱調(diao)(diao),在統一定(ding)調(diao)(diao)(尺字調(diao)(diao))基礎上正,反(fan)亂(luan)彈唱調(diao)(diao)交替演(yan)(yan)(yan)唱,從而確立了(le)男(nan)女(nv)(nv)工(gong)唱調(diao)(diao)問題,以及(慢垛(duo)板(ban))、(緊垛(duo)板(ban))、(女(nv)(nv)工(gong)垛(duo)板(ban))等新(xin)板(ban)式(shi)新(xin)腔句的(de)(de)(de)創作(zuo)、試(shi)演(yan)(yan)(yan)(唱)的(de)(de)(de)確立,都與舉足輕(qing)重的(de)(de)(de)陳茶(cha)花為(wei)首(shou)的(de)(de)(de)率廣(guang)大演(yan)(yan)(yan)藝人員的(de)(de)(de)合作(zuo)、支持密不(bu)可分。隨(sui)著時間的(de)(de)(de)推移(yi),將愈加(jia)顯示其(qi)歷(li)史(shi)價值和(he)意義。
1942年1月(yue)生(sheng),溫(wen)州(zhou)市區人。國家(jia)一級演員(yuan)。曾任甌(ou)劇(ju)團(tuan)副團(tuan)長,藝(yi)術指導,是中國戲(xi)劇(ju)家(jia)協會會員(yuan)、浙(zhe)江省(sheng)政協委(wei)員(yuan)。曾兼任浙(zhe)江省(sheng)劇(ju)協常務理事、溫(wen)州(zhou)市劇(ju)協副主席(xi)。出身于(yu)梨園世家(jia)的(de)孫來(lai)來(lai),1954年入“勝利亂彈(dan)”劇(ju)團(tuan)(甌(ou)劇(ju)前身)習藝(yi),攻武生(sheng)行。
1960年(nian)在杭州(zhou)演(yan)出時,受藝(yi)術大師蓋叫天(tian)賞識(shi)并收為藝(yi)徒。四十多(duo)年(nian)來(lai),主演(yan)的戲主要有(you):《武(wu)松》中(zhong)武(wu)松,《打(da)(da)店(dian)》、《獅子樓》、《蜈蚣嶺》中(zhong)武(wu)松,《酒樓殺(sha)場》石秀(xiu),《北湖州(zhou)》鐵(tie)木爾,《殺(sha)金賣拳》韓生,《蝴蝶杯》田(tian)玉川,《碧珠蛟龍扇》高清偉,《貂蟬》呂布,《三打(da)(da)陶三春》高懷德,《沙家浜》部建光,《智取威(wei)山》楊子榮,《紅(hong)梅贊》(《江姐》)甫志高,《英姑》盧根源,《東海小哨兵》張排(pai)長等,古今人物形象,在城鄉(xiang)中(zhong)廣有(you)影響。
1989年(nian)(nian)獲浙江(jiang)中(zhong)年(nian)(nian)演(yan)(yan)(yan)員大獎(jiang)(jiang)賽最佳獎(jiang)(jiang),1992年(nian)(nian)獲全國“天下第(di)一團”劇目展演(yan)(yan)(yan)優秀(xiu)表演(yan)(yan)(yan)獎(jiang)(jiang),1995年(nian)(nian)攜《酒(jiu)樓場》(飾石秀(xiu))隨藝(yi)術團赴(fu)西班牙、荷蘭、比利(li)時等(deng)國演(yan)(yan)(yan)出(chu),獲盛譽;同(tong)年(nian)(nian),以《獨木關》中(zhong)薛(xue)仁貴,獲浙江(jiang)省(sheng)優秀(xiu)演(yan)(yan)(yan)員獎(jiang)(jiang)、省(sheng)文(wen)化廳藝(yi)委會(hui)“金(jin)藝(yi)獎(jiang)(jiang)”,1997年(nian)(nian)以《酒(jiu)樓殺場》獲國家文(wen)化部文(wen)華(hua)表演(yan)(yan)(yan)獎(jiang)(jiang),2002年(nian)(nian)5月,應臺(tai)灣邀請赴(fu)臺(tai)巡回演(yan)(yan)(yan)出(chu),獲得臺(tai)灣專家觀(guan)眾的(de)普遍贊揚(yang)。以及(ji)溫(wen)州市金(jin)鹿獎(jiang)(jiang)、百(bai)花獎(jiang)(jiang)等(deng)省(sheng)市高獎(jiang)(jiang)。為溫(wen)州市第(di)二(er)輪專業技術拔(ba)尖人才,享受政府特殊(shu)津貼(tie)。事跡編入《中(zhong)國當代藝(yi)術界名人錄》、《中(zhong)國文(wen)藝(yi)家傳集》等(deng)書(shu)。
男,溫(wen)州(zhou)市甌劇團當家(jia)小(xiao)生,優秀青年演員,出生于1977年4月8日,籍貫平陽縣敖江鎮。
1997年以優異成績畢業分配到溫州(zhou)市甌劇團,是(shi)團里的(de)主要演員之一。
2001年因業績(ji)顯著,被破格(ge)評為國(guo)家三級(ji)演員。
2001年 獲市文(wen)聯評為(wei)"希望之(zhi)星"稱號;市首屆(jie)藝術節在《仇(chou)大姑娘》中扮演男主角榮獲一等獎,該劇已(yi)被中央臺戲曲頻道列為(wei)拍攝(she)計(ji)劃向全(quan)國播放。
2002年(nian)被任命為溫州市甌劇團(tuan)副(fu)團(tuan)長職(zhi)務。
2006年(nian)作為(wei)全國地(di)(di)方劇種的(de)代表(biao)人物(wu)參(can)(can)加中央電視臺戲(xi)曲頻道《名(ming)段欣賞(shang)》開(kai)播10周年(nian)的(de)拍攝(she)錄制,演出《殺(sha)狗(gou)記(ji)(ji)》片段。同年(nian)獲(huo)得溫(wen)州(zhou)第2屆青年(nian)演員大賽(sai)金獎第一名(ming)。同年(nian)主演《殺(sha)狗(gou)記(ji)(ji)》參(can)(can)加全國地(di)(di)方戲(xi)匯演榮獲(huo)劇目銅獎。同年(nian)在溫(wen)州(zhou)市第2屆藝術節上主演《洗心記(ji)(ji)》榮獲(huo)表(biao)演一等獎。
2012年 榮獲浙江(jiang)省首屆戲劇表(biao)演“金桂獎”。
2013年5月榮獲第26屆(jie)中國(guo)戲劇梅花獎。