芒果视频下载

泗(si)綸(lun)(lun)蒸(zheng)(zheng)籠，指產(chan)于廣東省羅(luo)定市泗(si)綸(lun)(lun)鎮(zhen)及周邊地區(qu)的(de)蒸(zheng)(zheng)籠，因泗(si)綸(lun)(lun)鎮(zhen)生產(chan)歷史(shi)久、產(chan)業集中(zhong)而(er)得名。泗(si)綸(lun)(lun)蒸(zheng)(zheng)籠歷史(shi)悠(you)久，以當地特有(you)的(de)羅(luo)竹為(wei)主(zhu)要原(yuan)料，經手工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝加工(gong)(gong)而(er)成(cheng)，具有(you)天然、綠色、環保(bao)等特點，用(yong)“泗(si)綸(lun)(lun)蒸(zheng)(zheng)籠”炊(chui)蒸(zheng)(zheng)食物，不(bu)(bu)但(dan)保(bao)留食物的(de)原(yuan)汁原(yuan)味，不(bu)(bu)積聚蒸(zheng)(zheng)餾水(shui)，不(bu)(bu)易變(bian)餿，耐(nai)保(bao)溫，而(er)且還可使食物留下(xia)特有(you)的(de)羅(luo)竹清香(xiang)，深(shen)受國內外(wai)消費者(zhe)青睞(lai)。為(wei)中(zhong)國地理標志保(bao)護(hu)產(chan)品。

品質特點

泗綸(lun)蒸(zheng)籠是(shi)羅(luo)定市重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)傳統特(te)(te)色(se)(se)產品之一，“泗綸(lun)蒸(zheng)籠”以(yi)當地特(te)(te)有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)羅(luo)竹(zhu)(zhu)為(wei)主要(yao)原(yuan)料，經手(shou)(shou)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)而成，具有(you)(you)(you)天然、綠色(se)(se)、環保等特(te)(te)點(dian)，用(yong)“泗綸(lun)蒸(zheng)籠”炊蒸(zheng)食物(wu)，不但保留(liu)食物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)汁原(yuan)味，不積聚(ju)蒸(zheng)餾水，不易變餿，耐保溫，而且還可(ke)使食物(wu)留(liu)下特(te)(te)有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)羅(luo)竹(zhu)(zhu)清(qing)香，深受(shou)國內外消費者青(qing)睞。20世紀90年(nian)代中期(qi)，蒸(zheng)籠加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)科技含(han)量不斷(duan)(duan)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)。原(yuan)先全(quan)用(yong)手(shou)(shou)工(gong)(gong)操(cao)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)各道工(gong)(gong)序大(da)部分已實現了(le)(le)半機(ji)械化。鋸(ju)竹(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)、開片的(de)(de)(de)、打釘的(de)(de)(de)，造鋼圈的(de)(de)(de)都用(yong)上了(le)(le)機(ji)器，使加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)蒸(zheng)籠產量不斷(duan)(duan)增加(jia)(jia)，質量也不斷(duan)(duan)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)。泗綸(lun)蒸(zheng)籠規(gui)格齊全(quan)，有(you)(you)(you)4英(ying)吋(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)(de)點(dian)籠，6.5英(ying)吋(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)(de)蒸(zheng)籠，20.5英(ying)寸的(de)(de)(de)竹(zhu)(zhu)籠，還有(you)(you)(you)6.5英(ying)吋(cun)(cun)鋼口(kou)編織(zhi)底籠，鋼口(kou)毛竹(zhu)(zhu)底籠，鋁皮編織(zhi)底高(gao)(gao)腳籠，新款鋼口(kou)毛竹(zhu)(zhu)底籠等共40個規(gui)格品種(zhong)。

歷史淵源

泗綸(lun)(lun)蒸(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)制(zhi)(zhi)作相(xiang)傳起(qi)源(yuan)于公元(yuan)1796年至1820年（清(qing)朝(chao)嘉慶）年間，歷史悠久。1949年建(jian)國(guo)前，有些農(nong)(nong)(nong)民已把(ba)羅(luo)竹加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)成(cheng)(cheng)蒸(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)拿(na)到市場(chang)(chang)去買，有的(de)(de)甚至由木船帶到肇慶、廣州等地外銷(xiao)(xiao)。羅(luo)定蒸(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)在外已有一(yi)(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)聲譽(yu)。建(jian)國(guo)后，山區農(nong)(nong)(nong)民把(ba)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)蒸(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)作為(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)項副業收(shou)入(ru)。不少農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶不僅成(cheng)(cheng)年男女懂(dong)得加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)蒸(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)，甚至連六、七歲(sui)的(de)(de)小孩也(ye)懂(dong)得加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)蒸(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)。20世紀70年代(dai)初，泗綸(lun)(lun)、榃濱等地建(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)竹器加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)廠，生產(chan)(chan)竹笪也(ye)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)蒸(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)。蒸(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)部(bu)分拿(na)到市場(chang)(chang)銷(xiao)(xiao)售，部(bu)分供應(ying)縣城飯店、酒家(jia)，部(bu)分交外貿部(bu)門出(chu)(chu)口外銷(xiao)(xiao)。改革開(kai)放(fang)后，一(yi)(yi)(yi)些先進發(fa)達國(guo)家(jia)開(kai)始(shi)崇尚環(huan)保，他們逐漸覺(jue)察到用(yong)竹制(zhi)(zhi)蒸(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)作炊具比(bi)用(yong)金屬(shu)制(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)或塑料制(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)作炊具烹出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)食(shi)物(wu)味道要(yao)好，且成(cheng)(cheng)本低，無污染，有益于健(jian)康，紛紛訂購、使用(yong)竹制(zhi)(zhi)蒸(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)。竹制(zhi)(zhi)蒸(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)受到國(guo)外朋(peng)友的(de)(de)青(qing)睞，市場(chang)(chang)上出(chu)(chu)現需(xu)求不斷增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)態勢。進入(ru)20世紀80年代(dai)，蒸(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)需(xu)求量(liang)繼(ji)續增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)，市場(chang)(chang)出(chu)(chu)現供不應(ying)求的(de)(de)現象。政(zheng)府和有關(guan)部(bu)門乘勢而上，組織群眾大(da)(da)種(zhong)羅(luo)竹，羅(luo)竹種(zhong)植(zhi)面積不斷增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)。泗綸(lun)(lun)、榃濱等地將加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)蒸(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)作為(wei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民創收(shou)的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)項產(chan)(chan)業來抓，除了鎮辦蒸(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)廠外，還把(ba)蒸(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)原材料發(fa)放(fang)到農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶進行加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，定期回收(shou)，既壯(zhuang)大(da)(da)發(fa)展集體經(jing)濟，又增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民收(shou)入(ru)。進入(ru)20世紀90年代(dai)后，個體經(jing)濟不斷發(fa)展壯(zhuang)大(da)(da)，蒸(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)生產(chan)(chan)又有新的(de)(de)發(fa)展。一(yi)(yi)(yi)些地方形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)了加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)蒸(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)的(de)(de)專業街、專業村和加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)銷(xiao)(xiao)售大(da)(da)戶。并逐漸探索出(chu)(chu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)條“公司+基(ji)地+農(nong)(nong)(nong)戶”的(de)(de)蒸(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)業化路(lu)子，實行“羅(luo)竹種(zhong)植(zhi)——蒸(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)——產(chan)(chan)品(pin)銷(xiao)(xiao)售”一(yi)(yi)(yi)體化經(jing)營，形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)了以羅(luo)竹促蒸(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)，以蒸(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)促羅(luo)竹發(fa)展的(de)(de)良性循環(huan)。

生產條件

羅定屬半丘陵山區，山地多而肥沃，年降雨量1400毫米左右。山區的泗綸(lun)、都門、加(jia)(jia)益、扶合、榃濱、新樂等地，山高(gao)林(lin)密、植(zhi)被層厚，山地長年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)處于濕潤狀態，特殊的氣候環境，生長著沙羅(luo)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，也(ye)叫羅(luo)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)建國前(qian)，農民(min)已(yi)有種(zhong)植(zhi)羅(luo)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)習慣，20世(shi)紀70年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代后(hou)，種(zhong)植(zhi)面積逐年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增多(duo)，范圍(wei)也(ye)不斷(duan)擴大。改(gai)革開放后(hou)，市場上對竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)制(zhi)蒸籠的需求年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增多(duo)，農民(min)看到(dao)了種(zhong)羅(luo)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)加(jia)(jia)工蒸籠的前(qian)景，于是積極發展(zhan)羅(luo)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)生產(chan)(chan)。1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)種(zhong)有羅(luo)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)7200畝(mu)，1989年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)發展(zhan)到(dao)8400畝(mu)，1999年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增至13000畝(mu)，2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)已(yi)達(da)到(dao)38000畝(mu)。種(zhong)植(zhi)較(jiao)多(duo)的泗綸(lun)達(da)23000畝(mu)。羅(luo)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)種(zhong)植(zhi)一般4年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)開始采(cai)(cai)收，以后(hou)每年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)可采(cai)(cai)收一次，采(cai)(cai)收時間為(wei)冬季至次年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)春(chun)季，畝(mu)產(chan)(chan)一般6000～7000斤，高(gao)產(chan)(chan)的可達(da)1萬(wan)斤。羅(luo)定人(ren)多(duo)，耕(geng)(geng)地少，山區耕(geng)(geng)地更少，泗綸(lun)鎮2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)73917人(ren)，32241多(duo)個(ge)勞動(dong)力，耕(geng)(geng)地只有30374畝(mu)，平均每人(ren)0.41畝(mu)。豐富的勞動(dong)力資源，為(wei)種(zhong)植(zhi)羅(luo)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，加(jia)(jia)工蒸籠，增加(jia)(jia)收入，創(chuang)造(zao)了有利條件(jian)。

加工工藝

蒸(zheng)(zheng)籠(long)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)有(you)幾個步(bu)驟，一是(shi)選料(liao)，選取當地深山種植4年以(yi)上(shang)(shang)，竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)直(zhi)、徑長、節疏的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)質(zhi)羅竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。二是(shi)開料(liao)，將(jiang)(jiang)砍下來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)羅竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)削去(qu)枝葉(xie)，并按(an)照(zhao)需要(yao)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蒸(zheng)(zheng)籠(long)規(gui)格將(jiang)(jiang)羅竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)鋸成(cheng)各種長度，破開、裁好(hao)(hao)(hao)。三是(shi)削片(pian)(pian)，將(jiang)(jiang)開好(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)片(pian)(pian)削去(qu)表面(mian)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)青，并把竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)片(pian)(pian)刨光滑(hua)、大小(xiao)均勻，同時(shi)做好(hao)(hao)(hao)防腐(fu)霉消毒(du)處理。四是(shi)焙片(pian)(pian)，將(jiang)(jiang)刨好(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)片(pian)(pian)放在火(huo)上(shang)(shang)面(mian)烘(hong)焙，使其具有(you)良好(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)柔(rou)韌性，并按(an)規(gui)格將(jiang)(jiang)焙好(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)片(pian)(pian)以(yi)幾十(shi)片(pian)(pian)為一捆，用(yong)特制的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)木棍(gun)卷成(cheng)圓形，曬干(gan)后以(yi)待(dai)編織。五是(shi)定型，將(jiang)(jiang)烘(hong)好(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)片(pian)(pian)，按(an)照(zhao)蒸(zheng)(zheng)籠(long)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)格要(yao)求卷成(cheng)圓形，用(yong)銅線穿好(hao)(hao)(hao)固(gu)定，做成(cheng)蒸(zheng)(zheng)籠(long)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)圈。在外(wai)圈里面(mian)上(shang)(shang)用(yong)4條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)，下用(yong)2條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)篾竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)卷成(cheng)圓形撐著外(wai)圈，這道工(gong)(gong)序叫做頂竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。接著進(jin)入子口工(gong)(gong)序，子口的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)質(zhi)多種多樣(yang)，有(you)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、木、銅、鋼等，可根據客(ke)戶要(yao)求選用(yong)。再(zai)在籠(long)身上(shang)(shang)穿孔，打上(shang)(shang)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)釘，接著入籠(long)橋（承托食品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蒸(zheng)(zheng)籠(long)底）。入籠(long)橋時(shi)，將(jiang)(jiang)削好(hao)(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)一條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)地排整(zheng)齊，用(yong)白皮藤(teng)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)纏好(hao)(hao)(hao)、固(gu)定。六是(shi)對(dui)編織成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蒸(zheng)(zheng)籠(long)進(jin)行(xing)防蟲處理、晾(liang)曬。七(qi)是(shi)將(jiang)(jiang)曬干(gan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蒸(zheng)(zheng)籠(long)進(jin)行(xing)打磨，去(qu)除邊毛，即(ji)成(cheng)蒸(zheng)(zheng)籠(long)。

生產情況

泗綸鎮(zhen)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)全球最(zui)大(da)的蒸(zheng)(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)基地，經過(guo)不斷(duan)的研(yan)究(jiu)開發(fa)，到(dao)(dao)2009年(nian)(nian)，該鎮(zhen)已具備生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)普通(tong)蒸(zheng)(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)、高(gao)(gao)腳籠(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)、鋁(lv)皮子(zi)口(kou)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)、不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)子(zi)口(kou)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)、外(wai)加(jia)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)圈籠(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)、毛竹拋(pao)光(guang)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)、四(si)方籠(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)、蛋籠(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)、木蒸(zheng)(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)等(deng)9大(da)系列，規(gui)格從5至22英寸等(deng)18種蒸(zheng)(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)系列產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品。鎮(zhen)政府還(huan)抓住被(bei)省評為(wei)專業技(ji)(ji)術(shu)創(chuang)(chuang)新試點鎮(zhen)的機遇，不斷(duan)進行技(ji)(ji)術(shu)創(chuang)(chuang)新，經過(guo)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)攻關，自行研(yan)制(zhi)了鉆孔機、破片機、籠(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)橋拋(pao)光(guang)機、不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)包口(kou)機等(deng)一批加(jia)工(gong)(gong)機械，提高(gao)(gao)了生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)能力、降低了生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)成本。此外(wai)，通(tong)過(guo)與高(gao)(gao)校(xiao)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)，共同研(yan)究(jiu)開發(fa)羅竹生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)優(you)質栽培(pei)與生(sheng)態綜合(he)(he)利用，采取多(duo)(duo)形式、多(duo)(duo)渠(qu)道(dao)搞活市場(chang)流(liu)通(tong)，擴大(da)銷(xiao)售，逐步建立(li)了一條延伸國(guo)內外(wai)市場(chang)的營銷(xiao)網絡(luo)。蒸(zheng)(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)已成為(wei)該鎮(zhen)的特(te)色支(zhi)柱產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業，建立(li)了“竹子(zi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、蒸(zheng)(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)、出口(kou)創(chuang)(chuang)匯”產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)供銷(xiao)一條龍的產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業服務體(ti)系，實現了產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業經濟持續、穩健(jian)、快速發(fa)展，2009年(nian)(nian)，從業人員達1.2萬，年(nian)(nian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)蒸(zheng)(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)1.02億只(zhi)，出口(kou)創(chuang)(chuang)匯3000多(duo)(duo)萬美元(yuan)。到(dao)(dao)2011年(nian)(nian)，“泗綸蒸(zheng)(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)”已形成7個加(jia)工(gong)(gong)專業村，4條加(jia)工(gong)(gong)專業街，有(you)較大(da)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)規(gui)模(mo)的蒸(zheng)(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)廠21家，從事蒸(zheng)(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)的農戶(hu)1.5萬多(duo)(duo)戶(hu)2萬多(duo)(duo)人，年(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)大(da)小蒸(zheng)(zheng)籠(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)2億余只(zhi)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)值4億多(duo)(duo)元(yuan)，創(chuang)(chuang)匯近2000萬美元(yuan)，其產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量和出口(kou)量分別占全中國(guo)同類(lei)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品的80%和85%。