【人造板簡介】人造板是什么 人造板的優缺點
人造板是什么
人造(zao)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)是利用木材(cai)在(zai)加工過程中產生的邊角(jiao)廢料,混合(he)其他纖維(wei)制作成的板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)。人造(zao)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)種類很多,常(chang)用的有(you)刨花板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、中密度板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、細木工板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(大芯板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban))、膠合(he)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban),以(yi)及防火板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)等裝飾型人造(zao)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。因為它們(men)有(you)各自不(bu)同(tong)的特(te)點,被應用于(yu)不(bu)同(tong)的家具(ju)制造(zao)領域。
由(you)于人造板品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)繁多、應用場所不同(tong)、產品(pin)性(xing)能差別極(ji)大(da)(da)、功能不同(tong)、形(xing)狀變化大(da)(da)、密(mi)度變異大(da)(da)、制造方(fang)法(fa)(fa)一同(tong)、膠粘劑品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)多、原料(liao)可為木質(zhi)和(he)非木質(zhi)、構成單元形(xing)狀差別大(da)(da)等原因,其分類(lei)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)至今尚未統(tong)一,現歸納幾種(zhong)(zhong)分類(lei)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)。
根據產(chan)品成型時板(ban)坯的含水(shui)率大小,分成干(gan)(gan)法(fa)(fa)、濕(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)、和半干(gan)(gan)法(fa)(fa),由于濕(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)生產(chan)產(chan)生的廢(fei)水(shui)處理難度大、成本高,因而(er)當(dang)前生產(chan)主要以干(gan)(gan)法(fa)(fa)為主。
人造的分類
1、依生產過程分類
包括:膠合板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、華夫板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、定向結構(gou)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、刨(bao)花板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、大片刨(bao)花板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、中密(mi)度纖(xian)(xian)維板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、硬質(zhi)纖(xian)(xian)維板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、絕緣(yuan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、中密(mi)度纖(xian)(xian)維板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、硬質(zhi)纖(xian)(xian)維板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。
2、依使用性能分類
人造板屬于材(cai)料(liao)(liao)學科中復(fu)合材(cai)料(liao)(liao)類,依其使用性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能,可分為結構材(cai)料(liao)(liao)與(yu)功能材(cai)料(liao)(liao)二大類。結構材(cai)料(liao)(liao)的使用性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能主(zhu)要是力學性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能和耐老化性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing);功能材(cai)料(liao)(liao)的使用性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能主(zhu)要是裝飾性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、阻燃性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、抗蟲(chong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、抗腐性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),對光、電、磁、熱、聲等的性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能。
3、依組成的木質(或非木質)單元分類
(1)以單板(ban)、板(ban)、片為(wei)主(zhu)的產品;
(2)以刨(bao)花為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)產(chan)品;
(3)纖(xian)維為主的產品;
(4)復合人造板。
人造板的優缺點
人造板的優點
人造板家具(ju)部件的結合通常(chang)采用各種(zhong)(zhong)金屬五金件,裝配和(he)拆卸都十(shi)分方便,加工(gong)精度高的家具(ju)可以多(duo)次拆卸安(an)裝。因(yin)為具(ju)有多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)貼面,顏色和(he)質(zhi)地方面的變化可給人以各種(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)同的感受,在外形設計上也有很多(duo)變化,具(ju)有個性,而且不(bu)易變形。
人造板的缺點
人造板家具的問題多出在環保上,如果以刨花板等材料制作家具,而貼面、封邊時又沒有將其全部包好的話,就容易釋放對環境造成污染、對人體有害的甲醛。一般說來打開柜門或抽屜,如果有強烈的刺激性氣味,則多屬甲醛超標,不宜購買。